tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-106445182024-03-18T17:01:45.123-04:00Virtual Grub StreetGilbert Wesley Purdyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02612678869556343487noreply@blogger.comBlogger685125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10644518.post-40027575667111296992024-03-18T15:48:00.005-04:002024-03-18T15:56:28.479-04:00George North to William Herle, January 3, 1581 [N.S.]<p><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span style="color: black;"><span><span></span></span></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span style="color: black;"><span><span><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiRkJcQjEAd6AFn-UE-HS_DUwsCF1OD65KsbKQxeVbQgV3gf6lwBZiN-SC4SpRQcDeDTR_qD3Cl9bFAKAnWoHt67rKIlNXeUY0JC9aRHMTo9eamq2W63tkvBPh6EP-v7qWL0qH209gZ3JXTpg4dJGmrVNwAU0S9jzKm-t5PhyJnP-_XLwuCqO1e/s860/North%20-%20Herle.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="321" data-original-width="860" height="119" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiRkJcQjEAd6AFn-UE-HS_DUwsCF1OD65KsbKQxeVbQgV3gf6lwBZiN-SC4SpRQcDeDTR_qD3Cl9bFAKAnWoHt67rKIlNXeUY0JC9aRHMTo9eamq2W63tkvBPh6EP-v7qWL0qH209gZ3JXTpg4dJGmrVNwAU0S9jzKm-t5PhyJnP-_XLwuCqO1e/s320/North%20-%20Herle.jpg" width="320" /></a></span></span></span></span></div><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span style="color: black;"><span><span>[</span></span></span><span style="color: #5e8c02;"><span><span><span><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2024/03/george-north-to-william-herle-january-3.html">Click here for modernized spelling.</a></span></span></span></span><span style="color: black;"><span><span>]</span></span></span></span><p></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><i>Thanks to the Letters of William
Herle Project<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="#sdfootnote1sym" name="sdfootnote1anc"><sup>1</sup></a>
we have access to this letter from George North to the Elizabethan
self-taught polyglot and spy William Herle (apparently pronounced
hear-ly). As the result of her usual exceptional work, Nina Green
informs us that George was the brother of Edward, the 1<sup>st</sup>
Baron North. He is generally known, of recent times, for the
manuscript entitled </i><span>A Brief
Discourse of Rebellions & Rebels</span><i> (1576).<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="#sdfootnote2sym" name="sdfootnote2anc"><sup>2</sup></a></i></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><i>William Herle was imprisoned and
held in solitary confinement for an extended period of time for
piracy. He was released after having been of use to Baron Burghley in
a matter — a common pattern for recruiting spies. Upon being
released he was rumored to have participated in conspiracies against
Burghley and others in the government. Shortly after, Herle became an
agent of the Burghley for the remainder of his life. It was shortly
after that North finished </i><span>A
Brief Discourse</span><i>.</i></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><i><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">The date of this letter is a
particular benefit. At this point, North knows Herle well and is
reporting the news at Elizabeth's court like so many agents of so
many courtiers unable to be continuously present. He is likely living
nearby — being too low in the hierarchy to merit or afford rooms in
Whitehall or any of the other palaces — and attending regularly.
The main item of court news at the time was Edward de Vere's
scandalous accusation that Henry Howard, Charles Arundel and others
were practicing Catholics plotting against the Queen. North is so
familiar with the principals that he rehearses their nicknames for
Herle. De Vere, the Earl of Oxford, is nick-named “ <span><span>Monsieur
Le Comte,” Howard “hasty,” and Arundel “fine” for the fact
that he wears a lot of perfume.</span></span></span></i></p>
<p style="font-style: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="clear: left; float: left; font-family: inherit; font-size: large; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B08LLDM91P"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1712" height="448" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzWW5E_En45tcltm2y7EQPyOwQ36yYx1IrgjHfpJMWIAnU73kUHwSEKcc9CQtN8CvY0oQrZwwKPc8UuDkxLW6KFyLqxXse3CwEade-CNJ1yNVzeGlD0oGD4Lwe8Z40kLatWmXo/w640-h448/Parolles.+Cover+1+Framed+50%2525+ad.jpg" width="640" /></a></span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p>
<p align="LEFT" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span><span>My
good & especiall dear frend master Herlle, howe much these that
love you do lack you, & </span></span>speciallie
in these dangerous tymes your owne proufe in ofte pleasuring them,
doth best knowe: The
Portinggale cawsis be utterlie qwalid, for don Antonio is distressid
& beseegid in a Nonnerie, which
howse the spaniardes will not violat till they have receavid lycence
& pardon from theyr pope:
notwithstanding Doctor Lopus gevith out to the contrarie / it is
thought John Young is gone for
the Ilandes or else (beeing safe) he wold not have missed all these
fayer wyndes / Master Stafford
came to the court the 26. of december what newse he brought may be
supposid by the companie
and countenance he had hear. For I sawe him the 27. walke [1 word
expunged] on the Tarris,
having no more to confeer with all but his shadoe The 29. the L.
hastie Haward, Charles Arundell,
& fine Southwell powdrid with parfumes, wer examenid at my Lord
Chauncelars (Monsieur
Le Comte de O (as I hear) beeing theyr accusar) wher they answerid so
discreetlie for them
selves, as they ar ^closelie &^ saflie lowked unto, for losing:
The L. [hastie<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="#sdfootnote3sym" name="sdfootnote3anc"><sup>3</sup></a>]
at my L Chauncelars
Arundell at master vice chamberlaynes, & Southwell at the fleet
but a stronggar place provydes
for som of bettar countenance (as I hear) God send them in qwycklie
if they be faultie, & to
receave due reward to theyr desarts: nowe the spring is discoverid I
trust the hed wilbe speedelie
found & theyr ^water^ course alterid to theyr owne distruction /
My L. Chamberlayn & my
ladie was not at the court on new yeers daye for his honor is sick at
Barnsey, my L. Treasurar lyeth
lame of the Goute the more pittie, & my L. of Lecestar with all
your other honorable freendes
are in hellthe: but speciallie the Quyens Majestie (God be praysid
for it) never more pleasant
or lustie, which I hope the heavenlie prince of all will long
preserve, to the joye & comfort
of all true hartid Englyshe men / and thus farr for an orator / Our
Iryshe actions remayne as
they were but nothing so dangerous as our papists hopid: Capten
peerce dwells in the same termes
he did, [ ... ] fayer, performid at leasure, & I your poore frend
quayles not so long as it is in <span>queston:
I hope with others, thoughe I cannot continewe it so well, and </span><span><i>puet
estre </i></span><span>we may be all </span>deceavid:
But howe so ever I rest in all fortunes your faythfull & assurid
to comaund George North</span></p>
<p align="LEFT" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Master
Ledsam as my self hath him comendid unto you, love me still & let
me hear agayn
from you. London the 3 Januarie 81</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="clear: left; float: left; font-size: large; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B09WC94FGW/"><img border="0" data-original-height="1154" data-original-width="1905" height="389" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjIJbNwa_JRRkScLOLNNISJ0lWCOXXY2XdD3jUoUfM0GrdsA8uQ67CcDjrrUEQ3PjTegxCcTlDxZsk8mZ7O1m26n2u4MUqXSmpdchHjeWoOn_mnBGm2KVVERANDTHHHFSce96PaHcn7QarXknmpM0w-qH3FIB7Otap7yX6yPsGICygfdaF24Q/w640-h389/Ophelia%20Ford%20Maddox%20Brown%20-%20Book%20Cover300%20-ad.jpg" width="640" /></a></span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p>
<p align="LEFT" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">[Postscript
perpendicular in the left hand margin:] postscrip. After I had endid
this lettar (as you see) newse was brought in that John Young was com
to the Court: who ther I presently went to have spoken with him, &
could not: yet spake with Capten peerce my Cussin Roberts & with
ledsam who had the whole discourse of all, don Rodorico is returnid
with him as poore as may: they suppose Don Antonio is fled into
Fraunce, he was once abourd an Englysheman & offerid 1000
Ducketts with more for his </span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: x-large;">passadge
hyther, the faynt hartyd varletts refusid him, so as he was faynt to
entar into a frentchman who went a way with him) yet to what place he
know[es] not: he made as he sayth the vice admirall of the Spanishe
fleet stryke unto him, & howe the Kyng hath at the Ora[ ... ] 30.
armadose 40. sayle of tall shippes & 40 saylle of other smaller,
the sea is full of them / tis more I herd at the court, for troth
that the Erle of Kildar, the L. of Uprossar & one other L. is in
hand: god confond all her Majesties enemis</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br /></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<div id="sdfootnote1">
<p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="#sdfootnote1anc" name="sdfootnote1sym">1</a>Letters
of William Herle Project 2006 AHRC Centre for Editing Lives and
Letters www.livesandletters.ac.uk</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Transcript ID:
HRL/002/PDF/068. Transcription of <span>BL
MS Cotton Vespasian C VII f. 383r - v.</span></span></p>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote2">
<p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="#sdfootnote2anc" name="sdfootnote2sym">2</a>British
Library MS 70520</span></p>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote3">
<p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="#sdfootnote3anc" name="sdfootnote3sym">3</a>hastie]
“[harine]” in transcription.</span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br /></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><br /></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/1543136257/" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"><img border="0" data-original-height="872" data-original-width="1380" height="405" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg14Nuro9Y4OeO1CSjTL9VoSGrCf9plBaVYE_Tbs5oDG-4dA_Ao-HYYZdS1-ydAv7IS1x6omyigIDEMvWzuL8YS0xVvgif2B0n9G1xSyg3Dz2opKGg4_GIzU3VRyMmWMzhkEcFv/w640-h405/Folio+Cover+Ad+3.jpg" width="640" /></span></a></p><div style="mso-element: footnote-list;"><div id="ftn2" style="mso-element: footnote;"><div class="MsoFootnoteText"><h4><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: HE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Also at Virtual Grub Street:</span></h4></div></div></div><p><span style="color: black; font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style="color: black; font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></span></p><p></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"></p><p></p><ul style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;"><li><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #202124; font-family: inherit;"><b><a href="https://vgs-pbr-reviews.blogspot.com/2023/08/rocco-bonettis-blackfriars-fencing.html">Rocco Bonetti's Blackfriars Fencing School and Lord Hunsdon's Water Pipe.</a> August 12, 2023. “... the tenement late in the tenure of John Lyllie gentleman & nowe in the tenure of the said Rocho Bonetti...”</b></span></span></li><li><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><p><b><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2023/08/on-shakespeares-lameness-and-historical_5.html">On Shakespeare's lameness and historical-fiction biography, etc.</a> August 5, 2023. <b><span style="font-size: large;">“</span></b>Those who support Sogliardo of Stratford and other authorship candidates generally stop by from time to time to remark...</b><b>”</b></p></span></li><li><b><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2023/04/shakespeare-csi-sir-thomas-more-hand-d.html">Shakespeare CSI: Sir Thomas More, Hand-D.</a> April 22, 2023. “What a glory to have an actual hand-written manuscript from the greatest English writer of all time!”</span></b></li><li><span style="line-height: 18.4px;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><b><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2022/08/robert-greene-and-construction.html">Robert Greene and the Construction Shakespeare Never Used.</a></b><b> August 9, 2022. 'Our first foray “staring intently into” the texts of Robert Greene has noted that his work utilized far fewer feminine endings than Shakespeare’s.'</b></span></span></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><b><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2020/08/a-1572-oxford-letter-and-players-speech.html">A 1572 Oxford Letter and the Player’s Speech in Hamlet.</a> August 11, 2020. “The player’s speech has been a source of consternation among Shakespeare scholars for above 200 years. Why was Aeneas’ tale chosen as the subject?”</span></b></p></li><li><b><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span>Check out the <a href="https://gwponlinebibliography.blogspot.com/p/shakespeare-authorship-article-index.html">S</a></span><a href="https://gwponlinebibliography.blogspot.com/p/shakespeare-authorship-article-index.html">hakespeare Authorship Article Index</a><span> for many more articles and reviews about this fascinating time and about the Shakespeare Authorship Question.</span></span></b></li><li style="margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span><span><b>Check out the </b></span></span><span style="color: #0000ee;"><span><b><u><a href="https://gwponlinebibliography.blogspot.com/2020/12/english-renaissance-letters-index.html">Letters Index: Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford</a></u></b></span></span><span><span><b> for many letters from this fascinating time, some related to the Shakespeare Authorship Question.</b></span></span></span></li></ul><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody><tr><td><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B00TWPBPP8/" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="500" data-original-width="1252" height="253" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzxE2yZa7xOO6cItikV0wLJj3lYdjV7cdOUFavwD9AyzFWfZSdvwYm2Rl3WlhGqtKHRVZAPbwjsz1fkbgVP2sWxry6meQV5ZvzR8wLfLeqtebKTC5ovU-ycePSCdI4iv2oMS6y/w640-h253/Elizabeth+I+-+50%2525+Black+Ad.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption"><span style="background-color: black; color: white; font-size: large;">Was Shakespeare Gay? What do the sonnets really say?<br /><br /></span></td></tr></tbody></table><p style="break-before: page; line-height: 16px; margin-bottom: 0in; page-break-before: always;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"></span></span></p><p style="break-before: auto; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-right: 0.42in; page-break-before: auto;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-right: 0.01in;"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"></span></span></p><p></p><p class="sdfootnote" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Gilbert-Wesley-Purdy/e/B00H5A7SLC/" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="703" data-original-width="1600" height="280" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiBznpkxJG5fQbluqZSP4HXUqlJiYEegqgVppIuc8McfB7KT0s4UmI7eN3h5pieypTBxgp4lIbxTZMW2kwrWroitLPhYMeDUmrdT9CI7AzA7xLFET5O7f-uzSSYZtcblUjyeXCP/s640/Book+Page+ad+2.jpg" width="640" /></a></span></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><br /></p><p class="sdfootnote"></p>
</div>Gilbert Wesley Purdyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02612678869556343487noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10644518.post-81438750587984695652024-03-18T14:41:00.011-04:002024-03-18T17:00:58.056-04:00George North to William Herle, January 3, 1581 [N.S.][Spelling Modernized].<p><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span style="color: #050505;"><span><span><span><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #050505;"><span><span><span><span style="font-family: inherit;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgbFN3rIZnR-_Gl-FHGyYCZqrb9cHkrMTWZ-by90cz_MooNPeLv4DgTja837U1jr-ACDwn2jaeSi78NVuvVEL9ehAE6km1ls5pYsnrnq9-Zg47Ijs7zXB8YWncZEv_Syjju7ezqoAJ95TSXRvTLo-JFvZ6pk7mfl5qtQgKF4Lr10p4Nwh2WjAcE/s860/North%20-%20Herle.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="321" data-original-width="860" height="119" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgbFN3rIZnR-_Gl-FHGyYCZqrb9cHkrMTWZ-by90cz_MooNPeLv4DgTja837U1jr-ACDwn2jaeSi78NVuvVEL9ehAE6km1ls5pYsnrnq9-Zg47Ijs7zXB8YWncZEv_Syjju7ezqoAJ95TSXRvTLo-JFvZ6pk7mfl5qtQgKF4Lr10p4Nwh2WjAcE/s320/North%20-%20Herle.jpg" width="320" /></a></span></span></span></span></span></span></div><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span style="color: #050505;"><span><span><span><span>[</span></span></span></span></span><span style="color: #5e8c02;"><span style="text-decoration-line: none;"><span><span><span><span><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2024/03/george-north-to-william-herle-january-3_18.html">Click here for original spelling.</a></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="color: #050505;"><span><span><span><span>]</span></span></span></span></span></span><p></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><i>Thanks to the Letters of William
Herle Project<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="#sdfootnote1sym" name="sdfootnote1anc"><sup>1</sup></a>
we have access to this letter from George North to the Elizabethan
self-taught polyglot and spy William Herle (apparently pronounced
hear-ly). As the result of her usual exceptional work, Nina Green
informs us that George was the brother of Edward, the 1<sup>st</sup>
Baron North.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="#sdfootnote2sym" name="sdfootnote2anc"><sup>2</sup></a>
He is generally known, of recent times, for the manuscript entitled </i>A
Brief Discourse of Rebellions & Rebels<i>
(1576).<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="#sdfootnote3sym" name="sdfootnote3anc"><sup>3</sup></a></i></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><i>William Herle was imprisoned and
held in solitary confinement for an extended period of time for
piracy. He was released after having been of use to Baron Burghley in
a matter — a common pattern for recruiting spies. Upon being
released he was rumored to have participated in conspiracies against
Burghley and others in the government. Shortly after, Herle became an
agent of the Burghley for the remainder of his life. It was shortly
after that North finished </i><span>A
Brief Discourse</span><i>.</i></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><i><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">The date of this letter is a
particular benefit. At this point, North knows Herle well and is
reporting the news at Elizabeth's court like so many agents of so
many courtiers unable to be continuously present. He is likely living
nearby — being too low in the hierarchy to merit or afford rooms in
Whitehall or any of the other palaces — and attending regularly.
The main item of court news at the time was Edward de Vere's
scandalous accusation that Henry Howard, Charles Arundel and others
were practicing Catholics plotting against the Queen. North is so
familiar with the principals that he rehearses their nicknames for
Herle. De Vere, the Earl of Oxford, is nick-named “ Monsieur
Le Comte,” Howard “hasty,” and Arundel “fine” for the fact
that he wears a lot of perfume.</span></i></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B096L2KPR4" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><img border="0" data-original-height="351" data-original-width="871" height="210" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgELC6TGFWltwwg_mrsN-nFY1NJ9y9AZ8R0FCfMs_DizQ7GSZ3NNJQx3ou_P5Kb4IGLP1K3_vMCnK3a8EFqsqCbitDuVuPzJDDr-UqKRkHYh6Ao1eONEbckZ9eIz5s_D3mbtFf4/w640-h258/In-Progress+Ad.jpg" width="560" /></span></a></div><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span>My good & especial dear friend,
master Herlle, how much these that love you do lack you, & </span><span>specially in these dangerous times your
own proof in oft pleasuring them, doth best know: The Portuguese
causes be utterly quailed, for don Antonio is distressed &
besieged in a Nunnery, </span><span>which house the Spaniards will not
violate till they have received license & pardon from their </span><span>pope: notwithstanding Doctor Lopez
giveth out to the contrary / it is thought John Young is gone </span><span>for the Islands or else (being safe) he
would not have missed all these fair winds / Master </span><span>Stafford came to the court the 26. of
December what news he brought may be supposed by the </span><span>company and countenance he had here.
For I saw him the 27. walk [***] on the Terrace, having no more to
confer withal but his shadow. The 29. the L. hasty Haward, Charles
Arundell, & fine Southwell powdered with perfumes, were examined
at my Lord Chancellor's, (Monsieur Le Comte de O (as I hear) being
their accuser) where they answered so discreetly for themselves, as
they are ^closelie &^ safely looked unto, for losing: The L.
[hastie</span><a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="#sdfootnote4sym" name="sdfootnote4anc"><sup>4</sup></a><span>]
at my L Chancellor's, Arundell at master Vice Chamberlain's, &
Southwell at the Fleet but a stronger place provides for some of
better countenance (as I hear) God send them in quickly if they be
faulty, & to receive due reward to their deserts: now the spring
is discovered I trust the head will be speedily found & their
^water^ course altered to their own destruction / My L. Chamberlain &
my lady was not at the court on New Year's Day for his honor is sick
at Barnsey, my L. Treasurer lieth lame of the Gout the more pity, &
my L. of Lecestar with all your other honorable friends are in
health: but specially the Queen's Majesty (God be praised for it)
never more pleasant or lusty, which I hope the heavenly prince of all
will long preserve, to the joy & comfort of all true hearted
English men / and thus far for an orator / Our Irish actions remain
as they were but nothing so dangerous as our papists hoped: Captain
Peerce dwells in the same terms he did, [ ... ] fair, performed at
leisure, & I your poor friend quails not so long as it is in
question: I hope with others, though I cannot continue it so well,
and puet etre we may be all deceived: But howsoever I rest in all
fortunes your faithful & assured to command George North.</span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Master Ledsam as myself hath him
commended unto you, love me still & let me hear again from you.
London the 3 January 81.</span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B096PGF7LM" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><img border="0" data-original-height="623" data-original-width="1500" height="285" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrCl1332a8HzXx1hHggpPtFHoVnvIUpdQ3Z-lSQL6WduTq1AVq1V_12_Kc3rvRk7tbctTBKj8KJiHQuAgL6p97xRwQDbdpgdYo1OsL_ORxsmaH_K2upDl1Bg3drq6cUErR_sQn/w640-h285/Shakespeare+without+Ciphers+Series+1a.jpg" width="640" /></span></a></div><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">[Postscript perpendicular in the left
hand margin:] postscript. After I had ended this letter (as you see)
news was brought in that John Young was come to the Court: who there
I presently went to have spoken with him, & could not: yet spake
with Captain Peerce my Cousin Roberts & with Ledsam who had the
whole discourse of all, don Rodorico is returned with him as poor as
may: they suppose Don Antonio is fled into France, he was once aboard
an Englishman & offered 1000 Duckets with more for his passage
hither, the faint hartyd varlets refused him, so as he was faint to
enter into a frenchman who went a way with him) yet to what place he
know[s] not: he made as he saith the vice admiral of the Spanish
fleet strike unto him, & how the King hath at the Ora[ ... ] 30.
armados 40. sail of tall ships & 40 sail of other smaller, the
sea is full of them / 'tis more I heard at the court, for troth that
the Earl of Kildar, the L. of Uprossar & one other L. is in hand:
god confound all her Majesty's enemies.</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p><div id="sdfootnote1">
<p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="#sdfootnote1anc" name="sdfootnote1sym">1</a>Letters
of William Herle Project 2006 AHRC Centre for Editing Lives and
Letters www.livesandletters.ac.uk</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Transcript ID:
HRL/002/PDF/068. Transcription of BL
MS Cotton Vespasian C VII f. 383r - v.</span></p>
</div><div id="sdfootnote2">
<p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="#sdfootnote2anc" name="sdfootnote2sym">2</a>The
National Archives Prob
11/48/64 http://www.oxford-shakespeare.com/Probate/PROB_11-48-64.pdf</span></p>
</div><div id="sdfootnote3">
<p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="#sdfootnote3anc" name="sdfootnote3sym">3</a>British
Library MS 70520</span></p>
</div><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
</p><div id="sdfootnote4">
<p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="#sdfootnote4anc" name="sdfootnote4sym">4</a>hastie]
“[harine]” in transcription.</span></p>
</div><div id="sdfootnote3"><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br /></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/1543136257/" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><img border="0" data-original-height="872" data-original-width="1380" height="405" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg14Nuro9Y4OeO1CSjTL9VoSGrCf9plBaVYE_Tbs5oDG-4dA_Ao-HYYZdS1-ydAv7IS1x6omyigIDEMvWzuL8YS0xVvgif2B0n9G1xSyg3Dz2opKGg4_GIzU3VRyMmWMzhkEcFv/w640-h405/Folio+Cover+Ad+3.jpg" width="640" /></span></a></p><div style="mso-element: footnote-list;"><div id="ftn2" style="mso-element: footnote;"><div class="MsoFootnoteText"><h4><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: HE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Also at Virtual Grub Street:</span></h4></div></div></div><p><span style="color: black; font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style="color: black; font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></span></p><p></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"></p><p></p><ul style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;"><li><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #202124; font-family: inherit;"><b><a href="https://vgs-pbr-reviews.blogspot.com/2023/08/rocco-bonettis-blackfriars-fencing.html">Rocco Bonetti's Blackfriars Fencing School and Lord Hunsdon's Water Pipe.</a> August 12, 2023. “... the tenement late in the tenure of John Lyllie gentleman & nowe in the tenure of the said Rocho Bonetti...”</b></span></span></li><li><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><p><b><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2023/08/on-shakespeares-lameness-and-historical_5.html">On Shakespeare's lameness and historical-fiction biography, etc.</a> August 5, 2023. <b><span style="font-size: large;">“</span></b>Those who support Sogliardo of Stratford and other authorship candidates generally stop by from time to time to remark...</b><b>”</b></p></span></li><li><b><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2023/04/shakespeare-csi-sir-thomas-more-hand-d.html">Shakespeare CSI: Sir Thomas More, Hand-D.</a> April 22, 2023. “What a glory to have an actual hand-written manuscript from the greatest English writer of all time!”</span></b></li><li><span style="line-height: 18.4px;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><b><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2022/08/robert-greene-and-construction.html">Robert Greene and the Construction Shakespeare Never Used.</a></b><b> August 9, 2022. 'Our first foray “staring intently into” the texts of Robert Greene has noted that his work utilized far fewer feminine endings than Shakespeare’s.'</b></span></span></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><b><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2020/08/a-1572-oxford-letter-and-players-speech.html">A 1572 Oxford Letter and the Player’s Speech in Hamlet.</a> August 11, 2020. “The player’s speech has been a source of consternation among Shakespeare scholars for above 200 years. Why was Aeneas’ tale chosen as the subject?”</span></b></p></li><li><b><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span>Check out the <a href="https://gwponlinebibliography.blogspot.com/p/shakespeare-authorship-article-index.html">S</a></span><a href="https://gwponlinebibliography.blogspot.com/p/shakespeare-authorship-article-index.html">hakespeare Authorship Article Index</a><span> for many more articles and reviews about this fascinating time and about the Shakespeare Authorship Question.</span></span></b></li><li style="margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span><span><b>Check out the </b></span></span><span style="color: #0000ee;"><span><b><u><a href="https://gwponlinebibliography.blogspot.com/2020/12/english-renaissance-letters-index.html">Letters Index: Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford</a></u></b></span></span><span><span><b> for many letters from this fascinating time, some related to the Shakespeare Authorship Question.</b></span></span></span></li></ul><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody><tr><td><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B00TWPBPP8/" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><img border="0" data-original-height="500" data-original-width="1252" height="253" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzxE2yZa7xOO6cItikV0wLJj3lYdjV7cdOUFavwD9AyzFWfZSdvwYm2Rl3WlhGqtKHRVZAPbwjsz1fkbgVP2sWxry6meQV5ZvzR8wLfLeqtebKTC5ovU-ycePSCdI4iv2oMS6y/w640-h253/Elizabeth+I+-+50%2525+Black+Ad.jpg" width="640" /></span></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption"><span style="background-color: black; color: white; font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Was Shakespeare Gay? What do the sonnets really say?<br /><br /></span></td></tr></tbody></table><p style="break-before: page; line-height: 16px; margin-bottom: 0in; page-break-before: always;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"></span></span></p><p style="break-before: auto; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-right: 0.42in; page-break-before: auto;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-right: 0.01in;"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"></span></span></p><p></p><p class="sdfootnote" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Gilbert-Wesley-Purdy/e/B00H5A7SLC/" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="703" data-original-width="1600" height="280" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiBznpkxJG5fQbluqZSP4HXUqlJiYEegqgVppIuc8McfB7KT0s4UmI7eN3h5pieypTBxgp4lIbxTZMW2kwrWroitLPhYMeDUmrdT9CI7AzA7xLFET5O7f-uzSSYZtcblUjyeXCP/s640/Book+Page+ad+2.jpg" width="640" /></a></span></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"></p><p class="sdfootnote"><br /></p><p></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-right: -0.01in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p>
</div>Gilbert Wesley Purdyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02612678869556343487noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10644518.post-51543123381044984822024-03-03T12:22:00.008-05:002024-03-16T16:48:07.594-04:00North Authorship Theory in Context: “AROUND(30)” So What? <p><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEinms6ci8gRYdiY5BQp_66Z8P05KGYV2iUd5kQuc5ZK6MIAXiSRouHJKZmVjOXAGe14fFeC0_2zljx_H9aTUaSa54EeUSn0OghfbHTH2XoHHcrb1QXMyH6JLIw8xqOrZ_Kkd8lLVrti1KNSi7yM3t91Va3vAw3iGkQsCFhHYkAhU0laW3zr5RIy/s815/North%20H%20VIII%203.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="291" data-original-width="815" height="114" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEinms6ci8gRYdiY5BQp_66Z8P05KGYV2iUd5kQuc5ZK6MIAXiSRouHJKZmVjOXAGe14fFeC0_2zljx_H9aTUaSa54EeUSn0OghfbHTH2XoHHcrb1QXMyH6JLIw8xqOrZ_Kkd8lLVrti1KNSi7yM3t91Va3vAw3iGkQsCFhHYkAhU0laW3zr5RIy/s320/North%20H%20VIII%203.jpg" width="320" /></a></span></div><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><div><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><p style="border: none; line-height: 100%; margin-bottom: 0in; padding: 0in;">
<span style="color: #231f20; font-family: inherit;">North
Authorship Theory in Context Series:</span></p><p style="border: none; line-height: 100%; margin-bottom: 0in; padding: 0in;"></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li><span style="color: #231f20;"><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2024/03/north-authorship-theory-in-context.html"><span style="font-family: inherit;">The Exchequer and Stage Directions.</span></a></span></li><li><span style="color: #231f20;"><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2024/03/north-authorship-theory-in-context_3.html"><span style="font-family: inherit;">A Different Set of Parallel</span><span style="font-family: ff9, Times New Roman, Times, serif;"> Columns.</span></a></span></li><li><span style="font-family: inherit;">“AROUND(30)” So What?</span></li></ul><p></p></span></div>So then, Dennis McCarthy asserts that Thomas North wrote a stage-direction to Shakespeare's <i>Henry VIII</i> out of a journal he once kept. <a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2024/03/north-authorship-theory-in-context_3.html">We have seen, on the other hand, why history has
declared the scene in question from Shakespeare's <i>Henry VIII</i>
to have been taken directly out of George Cavendish's <i>Life of
Cardinal Wolsey</i>. [link]</a> </span><div><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">What we haven't seen is on what basis McCarthy claims it is mathematically highly probable that
Thomas North wrote the original scene. What does entering '"After them"
AROUND(30) "next them with"' into the Google search engine have to do with anything?</span><p></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Numerous contiguous word-strings shared
between two short texts has long been known to be strong evidence
that one was taken from the other or both from a shared source. But
what specific evidence do nondescript word-pairs located “AROUND(30)” words apart in a text provide?</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Read carefully, McCarthy does <i>not</i>
say that North consulted Cavendish's <i>Wolsey</i> in writing <i>Henry
VIII</i>. He says that North used Cavendish to write his travel
journal entries from which he later wrote the passage in <i>Henry
VIII</i>.</span></p>
<p style="break-before: auto; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.51in; margin-right: 0.4in; page-break-before: auto;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
North frequently relied on two historical texts—an unpublished
manuscript version of George Cavendish’s Life of
Wolsey (1555-56) and chapters on Henry VIII in Edward
Hall’s Union (1548)—in order to help add knowing
details to his journal entries. He even borrowed from
Cavendish’s Life of Wolsey when crafting the entries
describing the cardinal’s procession and consistory. North then
took these very same source-passages that he used for his journal and
reused them in Henry VIII, all the while echoing the language of
his journal and modifying the actual historical events so that they
more closely resembled his experiences in Italy.
</span></p>
<p style="break-before: auto; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-right: -0.01in; page-break-before: auto;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">In this way, the
fact that <i>Henry VIII</i> copies text directly from Cavendish is
transformed into the claim that North borrowed from Cavendish for his
journal entries and then borrowed from his journal to write <i>Henry
VIII</i>. This because entering '"After them" AROUND(30)
"next them with".' in Google Search produces only entries
for <i>Henry VIII</i> and the travel journal entry — or, to be more
precise, <i>Henry VIII</i> and the ellipses-filled excerpt from
North's travel journal that McCarthy provides us on his web-pages.</span></p><p style="break-before: auto; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-right: -0.01in; page-break-before: auto;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B077LVLXY2/" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1015" data-original-width="1499" height="432" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh2NRwMzgfT-RfMm62wNJUu1wMteQ61N-2FBxGk-UsrnTXW5Ess1sln8ghIlFzhyyhjwSXv84gu1J-8nYTTmCxGfjaaPhGPye49INSfkhVQd6iaKXptMAmMIC80QpdCIdoVz0qj/w640-h432/Falstaff+cover+ad+1.jpg" width="640" /></a><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-right: -0.01in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">But what
evidence is there that North “frequently relied on” these (or
any) “two historical texts” to “add knowing details to his
journal”? How is this anything but evidence of a desperate attempt
to manufacture a connection between Shakespeare's works and North
private papers?</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-right: -0.01in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">This all
accomplishes one thing. A passage in <i>Henry VIII</i> that <i>any
literate Tudor</i> can have copied out of Cavendish, under the name
Shakespeare, has allegedly been discovered to be a passage that —
by virtue of '"After them" AROUND(30) "next them
with"' — can only have come from Thomas North's private papers
thus only from Thomas North. Shakespeare, then, did not borrow
liberally from the works of North but he <i>was</i> North. The common
nature of all such Catholic rituals in Western Europe at the time
notwithstanding. The lack of word-string matches in the journal text
notwithstanding.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-right: -0.01in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">The scholarly
world has been aware for centuries that the writer known as William
Shakespeare borrowed massively from Thomas North's translation of the
Plutarch's <i>Lives of the Noble Greeks and Romans</i> for his
Roman history plays. Already hundreds of lines from North's work,
published in 1580, are known to have been drafted into Shakespeare
plays.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-right: -0.01in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Having that much
of an historical head start, Dennis McCarthy has staked out his bit
of Shakespeare Authorship territory claiming that North wrote early
originals of the Bard's plays, later adapted by William Shakspere of
Stratford under the now world famous name. He has sought to expand
the amount of text in the plays attributed to the pen of North
through the use of internet search tools. His goal, in doing this,
is to establish North as the playwright who wrote the original
versions of the plays all of which he then somehow licensed to the
Stratford man.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-right: -0.01in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">The strongest
talents McCarthy brings to the task are: networking to get
credentialed partners to order to gain access to commercial
publishing venues, to the occasional academic journal and to high-end
publicity venues. He clearly has a degree of charisma, delivered with
a booming, confident, paced voice and the perpetual five-o'clock
shadow always popular with television fans. His sales-pitch is
convincing. Outside of building these talents he seems barely to have
worked a day in his life (for which I congratulate him as much as
anything).</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-right: -0.01in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">He has some
moderate computer-user skills, as well, and has developed a personal
approach to collecting data via search engines. His methods, inasmuch
as they are known (and that's not much), hold promise in the
abstract. In practice not so much. His grasp of the underlying
mathematics seems to be conveniently intuitive.</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-right: -0.01in;"><span style="clear: left; float: left; font-family: inherit; font-size: large; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B096PGF7LM"><img border="0" data-original-height="623" data-original-width="1500" height="285" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrCl1332a8HzXx1hHggpPtFHoVnvIUpdQ3Z-lSQL6WduTq1AVq1V_12_Kc3rvRk7tbctTBKj8KJiHQuAgL6p97xRwQDbdpgdYo1OsL_ORxsmaH_K2upDl1Bg3drq6cUErR_sQn/w640-h285/Shakespeare+without+Ciphers+Series+1a.jpg" width="640" /></a></span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-right: -0.01in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">There being
hundreds of lines that Shakespeare lifted from North, to begin with,
McCarthy's concurring search engine results are guaranteed to stand
up to scrutiny. Some number of his great many additional claims will
almost certainly prove out if anyone has the time and inclination to
tie themselves to that plow while the star does the podcast circuit.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-right: -0.01in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Where the North
thesis runs into seemingly insuperable difficulties is in the fact
that there is no substantial evidence that he ever wrote a play or
poem. History knows him only as a translator. Equally insuperable is
the time line that the allegedly twice composed plays would have to
meet and the unheard of and impracticable contractual arrangement
that would have been necessary. Attempts to torture narratives and
search engine data so that North can be claimed to have a history in
those ways, or such that his private papers display an exclusive
relationship with the works, fail for the fact that they don't
remotely conform with the Tudor context in which he lived.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-right: -0.01in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Does this
indicate that Thomas North absolutely did not write the works of
Shakespeare? It is all but certain that he did not write all or
nearly all of them. The reasons are legion. It is not hard to
believe, however, that he had some idea that Shakespeare had co<span>ö</span>pt<span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255);">ed</span>
his translation work. It is not at all impossible that both saw him
as something of a co-author for portions of those plays based on the
Plutarch translations. But I suspect that such a possibility cannot
capture enough attention and market-share to meet Dennis McCarthy's
needs.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p align="CENTER" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Page: -<a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2024/03/north-authorship-theory-in-context.html">[1]</a>- -<a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2024/03/north-authorship-theory-in-context_3.html">[2]</a>- -[3]-
</span></p>
<p align="CENTER" style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-right: -0.01in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2024/03/north-authorship-theory-in-context_3.html"><<Previous
page</a>.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-right: -0.01in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/1543136257/" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"><img border="0" data-original-height="872" data-original-width="1380" height="405" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg14Nuro9Y4OeO1CSjTL9VoSGrCf9plBaVYE_Tbs5oDG-4dA_Ao-HYYZdS1-ydAv7IS1x6omyigIDEMvWzuL8YS0xVvgif2B0n9G1xSyg3Dz2opKGg4_GIzU3VRyMmWMzhkEcFv/w640-h405/Folio+Cover+Ad+3.jpg" width="640" /></span></a></p><div style="mso-element: footnote-list;"><div id="ftn2" style="mso-element: footnote;"><div class="MsoFootnoteText"><h4><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: HE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Also at Virtual Grub Street:</span></h4></div></div></div><p><span style="color: black; font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style="color: black; font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></span></p><p></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"></p><p></p><ul style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;"><li><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #202124; font-family: inherit;"><b><a href="https://vgs-pbr-reviews.blogspot.com/2023/08/rocco-bonettis-blackfriars-fencing.html">Rocco Bonetti's Blackfriars Fencing School and Lord Hunsdon's Water Pipe.</a> August 12, 2023. “... the tenement late in the tenure of John Lyllie gentleman & nowe in the tenure of the said Rocho Bonetti...”</b></span></span></li><li><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><p><b><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2023/08/on-shakespeares-lameness-and-historical_5.html">On Shakespeare's lameness and historical-fiction biography, etc.</a> August 5, 2023. <b><span style="font-size: large;">“</span></b>Those who support Sogliardo of Stratford and other authorship candidates generally stop by from time to time to remark...</b><b>”</b></p></span></li><li><b><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2023/04/shakespeare-csi-sir-thomas-more-hand-d.html">Shakespeare CSI: Sir Thomas More, Hand-D.</a> April 22, 2023. “What a glory to have an actual hand-written manuscript from the greatest English writer of all time!”</span></b></li><li><span style="line-height: 18.4px;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><b><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2022/08/robert-greene-and-construction.html">Robert Greene and the Construction Shakespeare Never Used.</a></b><b> August 9, 2022. 'Our first foray “staring intently into” the texts of Robert Greene has noted that his work utilized far fewer feminine endings than Shakespeare’s.'</b></span></span></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><b><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2020/08/a-1572-oxford-letter-and-players-speech.html">A 1572 Oxford Letter and the Player’s Speech in Hamlet.</a> August 11, 2020. “The player’s speech has been a source of consternation among Shakespeare scholars for above 200 years. Why was Aeneas’ tale chosen as the subject?”</span></b></p></li><li><b><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span>Check out the <a href="https://gwponlinebibliography.blogspot.com/p/shakespeare-authorship-article-index.html">S</a></span><a href="https://gwponlinebibliography.blogspot.com/p/shakespeare-authorship-article-index.html">hakespeare Authorship Article Index</a><span> for many more articles and reviews about this fascinating time and about the Shakespeare Authorship Question.</span></span></b></li><li style="margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span><span><b>Check out the </b></span></span><span style="color: #0000ee;"><span><b><u><a href="https://gwponlinebibliography.blogspot.com/2020/12/english-renaissance-letters-index.html">Letters Index: Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford</a></u></b></span></span><span><span><b> for many letters from this fascinating time, some related to the Shakespeare Authorship Question.</b></span></span></span></li></ul><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody><tr><td><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B00TWPBPP8/" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="500" data-original-width="1252" height="253" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzxE2yZa7xOO6cItikV0wLJj3lYdjV7cdOUFavwD9AyzFWfZSdvwYm2Rl3WlhGqtKHRVZAPbwjsz1fkbgVP2sWxry6meQV5ZvzR8wLfLeqtebKTC5ovU-ycePSCdI4iv2oMS6y/w640-h253/Elizabeth+I+-+50%2525+Black+Ad.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption"><span style="background-color: black; color: white; font-size: large;">Was Shakespeare Gay? What do the sonnets really say?<br /><br /></span></td></tr></tbody></table><p style="break-before: page; line-height: 16px; margin-bottom: 0in; page-break-before: always;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"></span></span></p><p style="break-before: auto; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-right: 0.42in; page-break-before: auto;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-right: 0.01in;"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"></span></span></p><p></p><p class="sdfootnote" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Gilbert-Wesley-Purdy/e/B00H5A7SLC/" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="703" data-original-width="1600" height="280" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiBznpkxJG5fQbluqZSP4HXUqlJiYEegqgVppIuc8McfB7KT0s4UmI7eN3h5pieypTBxgp4lIbxTZMW2kwrWroitLPhYMeDUmrdT9CI7AzA7xLFET5O7f-uzSSYZtcblUjyeXCP/s640/Book+Page+ad+2.jpg" width="640" /></a></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-right: -0.01in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
</span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><br /></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-right: -0.01in;"><br />
</p></div>Gilbert Wesley Purdyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02612678869556343487noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10644518.post-5686720288822235282024-03-03T12:06:00.021-05:002024-03-16T16:52:36.068-04:00North Authorship Theory in Context: A Different Set of Parallel Columns.<p><span style="font-size: large;"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhyqkmrMB9xiWVKiSnx7-6z2pI2dOX5mOjDn4b84bhK37mEY8z_KJvEja4lMTDJoARW5v3OX9rjDMqEXpH0YHxMmCWV9EQ7cpws3Ey9WSYpzjSkiP1PJzdSVR7VcBqLkm4-vDyvJKlqKJLF0Drw4R2vR4OFDRm1UFA97kodg8d8jD2gerIOYkqP/s804/North%20H%20VIII%202.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="301" data-original-width="804" height="120" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhyqkmrMB9xiWVKiSnx7-6z2pI2dOX5mOjDn4b84bhK37mEY8z_KJvEja4lMTDJoARW5v3OX9rjDMqEXpH0YHxMmCWV9EQ7cpws3Ey9WSYpzjSkiP1PJzdSVR7VcBqLkm4-vDyvJKlqKJLF0Drw4R2vR4OFDRm1UFA97kodg8d8jD2gerIOYkqP/s320/North%20H%20VIII%202.jpg" width="320" /></a></span></div><span style="font-size: large;"><div><span style="font-size: large;"><p style="border: none; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0in; padding: 0in;"><span style="color: #231f20; font-family: inherit;">North Authorship Theory in Context Series:</span></p><p style="border: none; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0in; padding: 0in;"></p><ul><li><span style="color: #231f20;"><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2024/03/north-authorship-theory-in-context.html"><span style="font-family: inherit;">The Exchequer and Stage Directions.</span></a></span></li><li><span style="color: #231f20;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">A Different Set of Parallel Columns.</span></span></li><li><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2024/03/north-authorship-theory-in-context_60.html"><span style="font-family: inherit;">“AROUND(30)” So What?</span></a></li></ul></span></div><div><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>Dennis McCarthy acknowledges that the
<i>Henry VIII</i> stage-direction and passages regarding the
Blackfriars trial were borrowed from George Cavendish's <i>Life of
Cardinal Wolsey</i>. The text was widely circulated as a manuscript
book for nearly a hundred years. I follow <a href="https://sirthomasnorth.com/2021/01/14/8-norths-journal-henry-viii-a-cardinal-parade-and-a-consistory">McCarthy's own method [link]</a> and
provide the correspondence highlighted in colored letters and in
parallel columns. I use multiple colors to try to simplify the
comparison.</span><p></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
</p>
<table border="1" bordercolor="#000000" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%;">
<colgroup><col width="128*"></col>
<col width="128*"></col>
</colgroup><tbody><tr valign="TOP">
<td width="50%">
<p align="CENTER"><span style="font-size: large;">Cavendish <i>Wolsey</i></span></p>
</td>
<td width="50%">
<p align="CENTER"><i><span style="font-size: large;">Henry VIII</span></i></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="50%">
<p><span style="font-size: large;">Ye shall understande, as I saide before, that there was a
courte erected in the <span style="color: #ff6600;"><b>Black Friars in
London, whereas sat these two cardinalls</b></span> [Wolsey and
Campeggio] for judges in the same.</span></p>
</td>
<td width="50%">
<p><span style="font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="50%">
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-size: large;">First, there was a courte planted
with tables and benches, <span style="color: #ff6600;"><b>in manner of a
consistory</b></span>, one seat</span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: large;">raised higher (for the judges to sit in) than the other were.
Then as it were in the middest of the saide judges [Wolsey and
Campeggio], <span style="color: black;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">aloafte
above them three degrees highe, was</span></span><span style="color: #ff6600;"><b>
</b></span><span style="color: #04ff00;"><b>a cloath of estate</b></span><span style="color: #ff6600;"><b>
</b></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">hanged,
with a chaire royall under the same, wherein sat the king; and
besides him,</span></span><span style="color: #ff6600;"><b> </b></span><span style="color: #9900ff;"><b>some
distaunce from him, sat the queene</b></span> ; and under the
judges feete sat the scribes, and other necessary officers for the
execution of the process, and other things appertaining to such a
courte. The chiefe scribe was Doctor Stevens after bishoppe of
Winchester, and the apparitour, who was called doctor of the
courte, was one Cooke, most commonly called Cooke of Winchester.
Then, before the king and the judges, within the courte, sat the
archbishoppe of Canterbury, doctor Warham, and all the other
bishops. Then stoode at bothe endes within, the consellors learned
in the spirituall lawes, as well the king's, as the queene's.</span></p>
</td>
<td width="50%">
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-size: large;">Trumpets, Sennet , and Cornets.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-size: large;">Enter two Vergers , with short
silver wands ; next them two Scribes in the habite of Doctors;
after them, the Bishop of Canterbury alone; after him, the Bishops
of Lincolne, Ely, Rochester, and S. Asaph: Next them, with some
small distance , followes a Gentleman bearing the Purse, with the
great Seale, and a Cardinals Hat: Then <span><span><span style="color: #ff00fe;"><b>two
Priests, bearing each a Silver Crosse: Then a Gentleman Usher
bare-headed, accompanyed with a Sergeant at Armes, bearing a
Silver Mace</b></span>: <b><span style="color: #3d85c6;">Then two Gentlemen bearing two great Silver Pillers</span></b></span></span>
: After them, side by side, <span style="color: #ff6600;"><b>the two
Cardinals</b></span>, two Noblemen, with the Sword and Mace. <span style="color: black;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">The
King takes place under </span></span><span style="color: #04ff00;"><b>the
Cloth of State</b></span><span style="color: #ff6600;"><b>.</b></span> The
two Cardinalls sit under him as Judges. <span style="color: #9900ff;"><b>The
Queene takes place some distance from the King</b></span><span style="color: #ff6600;"><b>.</b></span>
The Bishops place themselves on each side the Court <span style="color: #ff6600;"><b><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255);">in
manner of a Consistory</span></b></span><b>.</b> Below them the
Scribes. The Lords sit next the Bishops. The rest of the
Attendants stand in convenient order about the Stage.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-size: large;">Car. Whil'st our Commission from
Rome is read,</span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: large;">Let silence be commanded .</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/1543136257/" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"><img border="0" data-original-height="872" data-original-width="1380" height="405" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg14Nuro9Y4OeO1CSjTL9VoSGrCf9plBaVYE_Tbs5oDG-4dA_Ao-HYYZdS1-ydAv7IS1x6omyigIDEMvWzuL8YS0xVvgif2B0n9G1xSyg3Dz2opKGg4_GIzU3VRyMmWMzhkEcFv/w640-h405/Folio+Cover+Ad+3.jpg" width="640" /></span></a><span style="font-size: large;">
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<table border="1" bordercolor="#000000" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%;">
<colgroup><col width="128*"></col>
<col width="128*"></col>
</colgroup><tbody><tr valign="TOP">
<td width="50%">
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-size: large;">Then called he againe the queene by
the name of</span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #ff6600;"><b>"Katherine queene of Englande,
come into the courte,"</b></span> <span style="color: #ff6600;"><b>who
made no aunswer thereto, but rose incontinent out of her chaire</b></span>,
whereas she sat, and because she could not come to the king
directly, for the distance severed betweene them, she <span style="color: red;"><b>t</b></span><span style="color: #ff6600;"><b>oke
paine to goe about by the courte, and came to the king, kneeling
downe at his feete</b></span> in the sight of all the courte and
people, to whom she sayd in effect these words, in broken
Englishe, as hereafter followeth.</span></p>
</td>
<td width="50%">
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-size: large;"><i><br /></i></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-size: large;"><i><br /></i></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span><i>Scribe</i>. Say, <span style="color: #ff6600;"><b>Katherine
Queene of England, </b></span></span><b style="color: #ff6600;">Come into
the Court.</b></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-size: large;"><i>Crier</i>. Katherine Queene of
England , &c</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #ff6600;"><b>The Queene makes no answer, rises out
of her Chaire, goes about the Court, comes to the King, and
kneeles at his Feete</b></span>. Then speakes.</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="50%">
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span><span style="color: #ff6600;">“<b>Sir,"
quoth she, " I beseeche you to doe me justice and right, and
take some pitty upon me, for I am a poore woman and a straunger,
borne out of your dominion</b></span><b><span style="color: red;">, having here no indifferent </span></b></span><b><span style="color: red;">counsell</span></b><span>, and lesse assuraunce of
friendship. </span><span style="color: #ff6600;"><b>Alas! Sir, what have I
offended you,</b></span><span> or what occaision of displeasure have I
shewed you, intending thus to put me from you after this sorte?</span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></p>
</td>
<td width="50%">
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="color: #ff6600; font-size: large;"><b>Sir, I
desire you do me Right and Justice,</b></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="color: #ff6600; font-size: large;"><b>And to
bestow your pitty on me; for</b></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="color: #ff6600; font-size: large;"><b>I am a most
poore Woman, and a Stranger,</b></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #ff6600;"><b>Borne out
of your Dominions</b></span>: <b><span style="color: red;">having heere</span></b></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: red;">No Judge indifferent</span></b>, nor no more
assurance</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-size: large;">Of equall Friendship and Proceeding.
<span style="color: #ff6600;"><b>Alas Sir:</b></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #ff6600;"><b>In what
have I offended you?</b></span> What cause</span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: large;">Hath my behaviour given to your displeasure ,</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B096L2KPR4"><img border="0" data-original-height="351" data-original-width="871" height="210" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgELC6TGFWltwwg_mrsN-nFY1NJ9y9AZ8R0FCfMs_DizQ7GSZ3NNJQx3ou_P5Kb4IGLP1K3_vMCnK3a8EFqsqCbitDuVuPzJDDr-UqKRkHYh6Ao1eONEbckZ9eIz5s_D3mbtFf4/w640-h258/In-Progress+Ad.jpg" width="560" /></a></span></div><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-size: large;">
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-size: large;">These from <i>Life of Cardinal Wolsey</i>
(1852), pages 126-7, 8, and Charlotte Porter's edition of
Shakespeare's <i>The Famous History of the Life of King Henry the
Eight</i> (1912), pages 48-9. Next we repeat some of the description in the <i>Henry VIII</i> stage-direction comparing it to an earlier passage from Cavendish describing Wolsey's
daily processions to his office (as it were).</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></p>
<table border="1" bordercolor="#000000" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%;">
<colgroup><col width="128*"></col>
<col width="128*"></col>
</colgroup><tbody><tr valign="TOP">
<td width="50%">
<p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">Nowe
shall ye understande that </span></span><span style="color: #ff33ff;"><b>he
had two crosse bearers</b></span><span style="color: #ff6600;"><b> </b></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">and
two pillar bearers.</span></span></span></p>
</td>
<td width="50%">
<p><span style="font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="50%">
<p style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: black; font-size: large;">Nowe will I
declare unto you his order in going to Westminster Hall, dayly in
the tearme season....</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #ff6600;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">Thus
went he downe through the hall with a</span></span><b> <span style="color: #ff33ff;">sergeaunt
of armes before him bearing </span></b></span><span style="color: #ff33ff;"><b>a great mace of silver</b></span><span style="color: black;"><span>,
and</span></span><span style="color: #ff6600;"><b> </b></span><span style="color: #6666ff;"><b>two
gentlemen carrying of two great pillars of silver</b></span><span style="color: #ff6600;"><b>...</b></span></span></p>
</td>
<td width="50%">
<p><span style="color: #ff6600; font-size: large;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">Then
</span></span><b><span style="color: #ff33ff;">two Priests, bearing each a
Silver Crosse</span>: </b><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">Then
a Gentleman Usher bare-headed, accompanyed with</span></span><b> <span style="color: #ff33ff;">a
Sergeant at Armes, bearing a Silver Mace</span>: </b><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">Then</span></span><b>
<span style="color: #6666ff;">two Gentlemen bearing two great Silver
Pillers</span></b></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-size: large;">These from <i>Life of Cardinal Wolsey</i>
(1852), pages 32, 37, then, compared to some of the above lines
repeated from Charlotte Porter's edition of Shakespeare's <i>The
Famous History of the Life of King Henry the Eight</i> (1912), pages
48-9.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-size: large;">As for the importance of knowing Tudor
<i>context</i>, for all Thomas North's journal entry does indeed
share a considerable number of scattered words (no extended phrases)
with the pageant direction from <i>Henry VIII</i>, there is an
explanation that is far more probable than North having written the
stage direction for the play.
First, most are common words regularly in the mouths of all the
educated population of England. More particularly Diocesan Cathedrals
in England (and all of western Europe to the best of my knowledge)
all featured Consistories. Whoever was the presiding officer of the
given Consistory sat — exactly as did the Pope in his diocese —
in the center, on a raised “estate,” beneath a canopy suited to
his rank. The King may well have taken to presiding officer's position as
a step in declaring himself Head of the Church of England.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-size: large;">The lesser clergy sat in rank-order,
starting with the judges, in lesser chairs, on descending levels. The
emblem of office of a Verger in England, as in Rome, was a silver
wand/rod. The bearing of crosses in all Consistory processions hardly
needs explaining.</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B07JD7KM1T" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"><img border="0" data-original-height="543" data-original-width="580" height="597" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgvVgFF0FQ9otnlaxK73IirYZtup0oCIY3aNnzbGh8N5MehEz2_0N57JIozAs_wU5EtfAaPI0v0NuNMz9Q6bWlEkt8Plyxy-Ym_4-1Z_E-hwU6Yv0kXe7YOgVYxVvb_Mjw_vZ72/w640-h597/Hector+brought+back+to+Troy+Ad+1b1+-+50%2525.jpg" width="640" /></span></a></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></p>
<span style="font-size: large;"><span>What is unique to the </span><i>Henry VIII</i><span> scene is the officers
carrying “the purse” before the highest officials present. It is
a detail, however, that neither appears in Cavendish nor the
fragments provided us from the travel journal. I am not aware that
this very English touch was ever part of a Papal Consistory (or any
other Roman procession).</span><br /></span><ol style="text-align: left;">
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-right: 0.01in;"></p>
</ol><span style="font-size: large;"><span>“The purse” contains the high officiants' seals which will
formalize the decisions of the court. It is not mentioned in
Cavendish, it would seem, or in North's Journal, but it would have
been marched past all of the spectators at an English procession to
a Consistory presided-over by a Chancellor or above.</span><br />
</span><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-size: large;">One did not have to go to Rome to see
the procession described in <i>Henry VIII</i>. Identical processions
to Diocesan Consistories, open to the public, occurred regularly at
St. Paul's, in London, and at the Canterbury and York cathedrals.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-size: large;">When history has noticed the scene from
<i>Henry VIII</i> it has made the normal observation that it was
written from out of Cavendish. This due to the fact that keys lines
were taken verbatim, and others nearly verbatim, from the latter. The
matches were not a word or two within 30 words but rather continuous
matching strings of words.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-size: large;">Next: <a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2024/03/north-authorship-theory-in-context_60.html">“AROUND(30)” So What?</a></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></p><p align="CENTER" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-size: large;">Page: -<a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2024/03/north-authorship-theory-in-context.html">[1]</a>- -[2]- -<a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2024/03/north-authorship-theory-in-context_60.html">[3]</a>-</span></p><p align="CENTER" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-size: large;"><<<a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2024/03/north-authorship-theory-in-context.html">Previous page.</a> <a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2024/03/north-authorship-theory-in-context_60.html">Next page.>></a></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B096PGF7LM" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><img border="0" data-original-height="623" data-original-width="1500" height="285" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrCl1332a8HzXx1hHggpPtFHoVnvIUpdQ3Z-lSQL6WduTq1AVq1V_12_Kc3rvRk7tbctTBKj8KJiHQuAgL6p97xRwQDbdpgdYo1OsL_ORxsmaH_K2upDl1Bg3drq6cUErR_sQn/w640-h285/Shakespeare+without+Ciphers+Series+1a.jpg" width="640" /></span></a></p><div style="mso-element: footnote-list;"><div id="ftn2" style="mso-element: footnote;"><div class="MsoFootnoteText"><h4><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: HE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Also at Virtual Grub Street:</span></h4></div></div></div><p><span style="color: black; font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style="color: black; font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></span></p><p></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"></p><p></p><ul style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;"><li><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #202124; font-family: inherit;"><b><a href="https://vgs-pbr-reviews.blogspot.com/2023/08/rocco-bonettis-blackfriars-fencing.html">Rocco Bonetti's Blackfriars Fencing School and Lord Hunsdon's Water Pipe.</a> August 12, 2023. “... the tenement late in the tenure of John Lyllie gentleman & nowe in the tenure of the said Rocho Bonetti...”</b></span></span></li><li><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><p><b><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2023/08/on-shakespeares-lameness-and-historical_5.html">On Shakespeare's lameness and historical-fiction biography, etc.</a> August 5, 2023. <b><span style="font-size: large;">“</span></b>Those who support Sogliardo of Stratford and other authorship candidates generally stop by from time to time to remark...</b><b>”</b></p></span></li><li><b><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2023/04/shakespeare-csi-sir-thomas-more-hand-d.html">Shakespeare CSI: Sir Thomas More, Hand-D.</a> April 22, 2023. “What a glory to have an actual hand-written manuscript from the greatest English writer of all time!”</span></b></li><li><span style="line-height: 18.4px;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><b><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2022/08/robert-greene-and-construction.html">Robert Greene and the Construction Shakespeare Never Used.</a></b><b> August 9, 2022. 'Our first foray “staring intently into” the texts of Robert Greene has noted that his work utilized far fewer feminine endings than Shakespeare’s.'</b></span></span></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><b><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2020/08/a-1572-oxford-letter-and-players-speech.html">A 1572 Oxford Letter and the Player’s Speech in Hamlet.</a> August 11, 2020. “The player’s speech has been a source of consternation among Shakespeare scholars for above 200 years. Why was Aeneas’ tale chosen as the subject?”</span></b></p></li><li><b><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span>Check out the <a href="https://gwponlinebibliography.blogspot.com/p/shakespeare-authorship-article-index.html">S</a></span><a href="https://gwponlinebibliography.blogspot.com/p/shakespeare-authorship-article-index.html">hakespeare Authorship Article Index</a><span> for many more articles and reviews about this fascinating time and about the Shakespeare Authorship Question.</span></span></b></li><li style="margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span><span><b>Check out the </b></span></span><span style="color: #0000ee;"><span><b><u><a href="https://gwponlinebibliography.blogspot.com/2020/12/english-renaissance-letters-index.html">Letters Index: Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford</a></u></b></span></span><span><span><b> for many letters from this fascinating time, some related to the Shakespeare Authorship Question.</b></span></span></span></li></ul><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B077LVLXY2/" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1015" data-original-width="1499" height="432" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh2NRwMzgfT-RfMm62wNJUu1wMteQ61N-2FBxGk-UsrnTXW5Ess1sln8ghIlFzhyyhjwSXv84gu1J-8nYTTmCxGfjaaPhGPye49INSfkhVQd6iaKXptMAmMIC80QpdCIdoVz0qj/w640-h432/Falstaff+cover+ad+1.jpg" width="640" /></a></span></p><p style="break-before: page; line-height: 16px; margin-bottom: 0in; page-break-before: always;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"></span></span></p><p style="break-before: auto; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-right: 0.42in; page-break-before: auto;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-right: 0.01in;"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"></span></span></p><p></p><p class="sdfootnote" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Gilbert-Wesley-Purdy/e/B00H5A7SLC/" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="703" data-original-width="1600" height="280" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiBznpkxJG5fQbluqZSP4HXUqlJiYEegqgVppIuc8McfB7KT0s4UmI7eN3h5pieypTBxgp4lIbxTZMW2kwrWroitLPhYMeDUmrdT9CI7AzA7xLFET5O7f-uzSSYZtcblUjyeXCP/s640/Book+Page+ad+2.jpg" width="640" /></a></span></span></p><div><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><br /></p>Gilbert Wesley Purdyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02612678869556343487noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10644518.post-49467401166617101342024-03-03T11:44:00.014-05:002024-03-16T16:55:00.136-04:00North Authorship Theory in Context: The Exchequer and Stage Directions.<p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhLDr4UQVQhsZwmhvRJ8UVDs57qLz9obtgteugA_x71CmhHt7utVpw07jMEMiN-TzAWEqr3y_ohAvoybbICFqfJrOrqjlIWyhGBPg9cvUWwbQ8JBT15Y7FVLM2muX_Pv5hN5h_RfFA4BDKxkvj3bLB5ZxaDq6uFeUnRA5nTlhmOR7nk3WYm7PO4/s814/North%20H%20VIII%201.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><img border="0" data-original-height="341" data-original-width="814" height="134" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhLDr4UQVQhsZwmhvRJ8UVDs57qLz9obtgteugA_x71CmhHt7utVpw07jMEMiN-TzAWEqr3y_ohAvoybbICFqfJrOrqjlIWyhGBPg9cvUWwbQ8JBT15Y7FVLM2muX_Pv5hN5h_RfFA4BDKxkvj3bLB5ZxaDq6uFeUnRA5nTlhmOR7nk3WYm7PO4/s320/North%20H%20VIII%201.jpg" width="320" /></span></a></div><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><div><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><p style="border: none; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0in; padding: 0in;"><span style="color: #231f20; font-family: inherit;">North Authorship Theory in Context Series:</span></p><p style="border: none; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0in; padding: 0in;"></p><ul><li><span style="color: #231f20;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">The Exchequer and Stage Directions.</span></span></li><li><span style="color: #231f20;"><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2024/03/north-authorship-theory-in-context_3.html"><span style="font-family: inherit;">A Different Set of Parallel Columns.</span></a></span></li><li><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2024/03/north-authorship-theory-in-context_60.html"><span style="font-family: inherit;">“AROUND(30)” So What?</span></a></li></ul><p></p></span></div><div><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>It is too easy to go in search of
confirmation of an historical theory with a 21<sup>st</sup> century
eye and to find what one seeks. To find some matching words in a
search engine result indicates genuine possibilities but will likely
be misinterpreted as mathematical certainties should it fill a need.
After all, 2+2=4 in Tudor times just as it does now.</span><p></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Using a search engine requires at least
as much specialized knowledge as operating an automobile. Each time
and place in history is a landscape that rewrites most of the
driver's manual. Use the standard manual and you will not even know
that you have gone wrong. Tudor accountants, for just one tiny
example, added their 2+2 at an exchequer. The reason an exchequer was
called an “exchequer” is because its 2+2 was added by moving
tokens on a segmented board. Used to play chess or perform
mathematical calculations, the board was called an (ex)chequer board
(L. s<i>caccarium</i><span><span>)</span></span>.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">When kings and noblemen began keeping
track of their treasuries and records of their transactions the
western world had yet to adopt the Arabic number system (particularly
the placeholder “0”). If you read 2+2 in Medieval and Tudor texts
they actually say “II et II sunt IV”. By the mid-16<sup>th</sup>
century +, - and = signs did exist but only (or almost only) Moslems,
Italians and child geeks under 13 knew how to use them or the Arabic
base-10 number system with its mind-bending “0”.</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="clear: left; float: left; font-family: inherit; font-size: large; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B08LLDM91P/"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1712" height="448" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzWW5E_En45tcltm2y7EQPyOwQ36yYx1IrgjHfpJMWIAnU73kUHwSEKcc9CQtN8CvY0oQrZwwKPc8UuDkxLW6KFyLqxXse3CwEade-CNJ1yNVzeGlD0oGD4Lwe8Z40kLatWmXo/w640-h448/Parolles.+Cover+1+Framed+50%2525+ad.jpg" width="640" /></a></span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">You can imagine, then, the challenge of
subtracting CCXLI from DCCCXC. The monarch's best hope was to hire a
bunch of (ac)count(ants) to move tokens on a(n ex)checker board,
scribes to write down the results and notch them into wooden
receipts, clerks to enter the amounts on the slips of paper onto long
scrolls, supervisors to assure the flurry of notes remained properly
coordinated and Barons of the Exchequer to protect the scrolls and
process, and to order severe punishment for miscreants. The operation
required surgical precision because there was absolutely no way to
check one's work except to do the whole thing over again.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Arch North theorist, Dennis McCarthy,
has not declared any findings regarding the Royal Exchequer that I am
aware of. He does declare that a stage-direction for one of the
pageants inserted into Shakespeare's <i>Life of Henry VIII</i> is
taken from a private travel journal kept by Thomas North in 1555.
This based upon the fact that</span></p>
<p style="break-before: auto; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.51in; margin-right: 0.42in; page-break-before: auto;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://sirthomasnorth.com/2021/01/14/8-norths-journal-henry-viii-a-cardinal-parade-and-a-consistory">
searches of both EEBO and the many trillions of webpages on Google
confirm that North’s entry and Shakespeare’s play are the only
two known passages that place <i>after them</i> within 30
words of <i>next them with</i>.
</a></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">This is, indeed, the result one gets
for the Google entry '"After them" AROUND(30) "next
them with"'. But this hardly tells the story.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">First of all, the second
phrase/construction is not properly “next them with”. It is “next
them” followed by a comma indicating a new clause follows beginning
with the word “with”. Search on '"After them"
AROUND(30) "next them" and one seems at first to get much
the same result. North uses the construction in a passage in the
travel journal describing a Papal Consistory and the same
construction appears in <i>Henry VIII</i>.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">If we want to understand something of
what we may have discovered, we might search on close variations such
as 'Shakespeare “next them”'. That it appears once in <i>Henry
VIII</i>, is hardly as
shocking a discovery as the fact that it is the only time it would
seem to have appeared in all the works published under the name of
Shakespeare.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">So then, “next them” is only used
this once in all of “Shakespeare,” in a play that is admittedly
co-written, and only in an extensive stage-direction such as
playwrights did not as the rule supply but rather the stage manager
and company scribe.</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Shakespeare-1573-Apprenticeship-Authorship-Progress-ebook/dp/B096GSQV14" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"><img border="0" data-original-height="930" data-original-width="1576" height="378" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiw2Ow_sM9oTibwLpG6UZ99sPEf4Y61FTki9uL17S9wbWRRDdT-9Qklm48OF1WpLuqQ4RWyxj5uqGoeyF-XcSu4ObMrxexjG_-DDAghyphenhyphen7AqNpIyITbBQnZo5lAFrEJ49FByxnnm/w640-h378/1573+Cover+ad+-+300+dpi.jpg" width="640" /></span></a><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">McCarthy does also acknowledge that
<i>Henry VIII</i> was co-written by John Fletcher — a fact that I
have pointed out elsewhere causes the North theory no end of
problems. If one enters 'John Fletcher “next them”' into the
Google Search Engine one discovers that Fletcher used the
construction a mere three times throughout all of his plays. Two of
the instances, interestingly, are also in the text of a single
extensive stage-direction for a pageant scene such as playwrights did
not supply, as the rule, but rather the stage manager and/or company
scribe.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Also interesting, both of the plays
were likely acted at the Globe theater around 1613 (Fletcher having
become the company's main playwright a few years before). The same
stage-manager and/or scribe quite possibly composed the
stage-directions for the pageant scenes in both plays. That being the
case, '"After them" AROUND(30) "next them"' would
simply be a coincidence between two very common word-pairs thus not a
particularly significant one.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">It will be helpful, at this point, to
consider these stage-directions themselves. First from <i>Henry VIII</i>,
II.iv.:</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p style="break-before: auto; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.51in; margin-right: 0.42in; page-break-before: auto;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
Trumpets, Sennet , and Cornets.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.51in; margin-right: 0.42in;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Enter two Vergers, with short silver wands; next them two </span><span style="font-family: inherit;">Scribes in the habite of Doctors; after them, the Bishop </span><span style="font-family: inherit;">of Canterbury alone; after him, the Bishops of </span><span style="font-family: inherit;">Lincolne, Ely, Rochester, and S. Asaph: Next </span><span style="font-family: inherit;">them, with some small distance, followes a Gentleman </span><span style="font-family: inherit;">bearing the Purse, with the great Seale, and </span><span style="font-family: inherit;">a Cardinals Hat: Then two Priests, bearing each </span><span style="font-family: inherit;">a Silver Crosse: Then a Gentleman Usher bare-</span><span style="font-family: inherit;">headed, accompanyed with a Sergeant at Armes, </span><span style="font-family: inherit;">bearing a Silver Mace: Then two Gentlemen bearing </span><span style="font-family: inherit;">two great Silver Pillers: Afier them, side by </span><span style="font-family: inherit;">side, the two Cardinals, two Noblemen , with the </span><span style="font-family: inherit;">Sword and Mace. The King takes place under the </span><span style="font-family: inherit;">Cloth of State. The two Cardinalls sit under him </span><span style="font-family: inherit;">as Judges. The Queene takes place some di</span><span style="font-family: inherit;">stance from the King. The Bishops place themselves </span><span style="font-family: inherit;">on each side the Court in manner of a Consistory: </span><span style="font-family: inherit;">Below them the Scribes . The Lords sit next </span><span style="font-family: inherit;">the Bishops. The rest of the Attendants stand in </span><span style="font-family: inherit;">convenient order about the Stage.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Back-When-Ophelia-Jumped-Cliff-ebook/dp/B09WC94FGW" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-size: large;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1154" data-original-width="1905" height="389" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjIJbNwa_JRRkScLOLNNISJ0lWCOXXY2XdD3jUoUfM0GrdsA8uQ67CcDjrrUEQ3PjTegxCcTlDxZsk8mZ7O1m26n2u4MUqXSmpdchHjeWoOn_mnBGm2KVVERANDTHHHFSce96PaHcn7QarXknmpM0w-qH3FIB7Otap7yX6yPsGICygfdaF24Q/w640-h389/Ophelia%20Ford%20Maddox%20Brown%20-%20Book%20Cover300%20-ad.jpg" width="640" /></span></a></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Next, from the opening pageant of <i>The
Triumph of Death,</i> from <i>Four Plays or Moral Representations in
One</i>, one of the two triumphs <span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255);">attributed</span>
to John Fletcher alone.</span></p>
<p style="break-before: auto; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.42in; page-break-before: auto;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
The TRIUMPH.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.42in;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">
Enter Musicians: next them, Perolot with the wound he died</span><span style="font-family: inherit;">with. Then Gabriella and Maria, with their wounds: after them, </span><span style="font-family: inherit;">four Furies with Bannerets in[s]crib'd Revenge, Murder, Lust </span><span style="font-family: inherit;">and Drunkenness, singing. Next them, Lavall wounded. Then </span><span style="font-family: inherit;">Chariot with Death drawn by the Destinies.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Neither of the playwrights is likely to
have used the construction any more than they are likely to have
directed what props and furniture were to be brought out of storage
for the production or where the musicians would play what specific
musical instruments in the fanfare.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">It will be interesting to look into
this resemblance further but I do not offer it alone by way of
rebuttal. It is only one small piece of a much bigger picture. For
the next tranche of information, I present parallel columns, after
Mr. McCarthy's manner, though with a few more colors, showing a more
probable relationship of the stage-direction for <i>Henry VIII</i> to
George Cavendish's <i>Life of Cardinal Wolsey</i>.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><b>Next:</b> <a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2024/03/north-authorship-theory-in-context_3.html">A Different Set of Parallel Columns.</a></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br /></span></p><p align="CENTER" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><b>Page:</b> -[1]- -<a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2024/03/north-authorship-theory-in-context_3.html">[2]</a>- -<a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2024/03/north-authorship-theory-in-context_60.html">[3]</a>-</span></p><p align="CENTER" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2024/03/north-authorship-theory-in-context_3.html">Next page.>></a></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/1543136257/" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"><img border="0" data-original-height="872" data-original-width="1380" height="405" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg14Nuro9Y4OeO1CSjTL9VoSGrCf9plBaVYE_Tbs5oDG-4dA_Ao-HYYZdS1-ydAv7IS1x6omyigIDEMvWzuL8YS0xVvgif2B0n9G1xSyg3Dz2opKGg4_GIzU3VRyMmWMzhkEcFv/w640-h405/Folio+Cover+Ad+3.jpg" width="640" /></span></a></p><div style="mso-element: footnote-list;"><div id="ftn2" style="mso-element: footnote;"><div class="MsoFootnoteText"><h4><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: HE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Also at Virtual Grub Street:</span></h4></div></div></div><p><span style="color: black; font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style="color: black; font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></span></p><p></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"></p><p></p><ul style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;"><li><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #202124; font-family: inherit;"><b><a href="https://vgs-pbr-reviews.blogspot.com/2023/08/rocco-bonettis-blackfriars-fencing.html">Rocco Bonetti's Blackfriars Fencing School and Lord Hunsdon's Water Pipe.</a> August 12, 2023. “... the tenement late in the tenure of John Lyllie gentleman & nowe in the tenure of the said Rocho Bonetti...”</b></span></span></li><li><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><p><b><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2023/08/on-shakespeares-lameness-and-historical_5.html">On Shakespeare's lameness and historical-fiction biography, etc.</a> August 5, 2023. <b><span style="font-size: large;">“</span></b>Those who support Sogliardo of Stratford and other authorship candidates generally stop by from time to time to remark...</b><b>”</b></p></span></li><li><b><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2023/04/shakespeare-csi-sir-thomas-more-hand-d.html">Shakespeare CSI: Sir Thomas More, Hand-D.</a> April 22, 2023. “What a glory to have an actual hand-written manuscript from the greatest English writer of all time!”</span></b></li><li><span style="line-height: 18.4px;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><b><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2022/08/robert-greene-and-construction.html">Robert Greene and the Construction Shakespeare Never Used.</a></b><b> August 9, 2022. 'Our first foray “staring intently into” the texts of Robert Greene has noted that his work utilized far fewer feminine endings than Shakespeare’s.'</b></span></span></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><b><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2020/08/a-1572-oxford-letter-and-players-speech.html">A 1572 Oxford Letter and the Player’s Speech in Hamlet.</a> August 11, 2020. “The player’s speech has been a source of consternation among Shakespeare scholars for above 200 years. Why was Aeneas’ tale chosen as the subject?”</span></b></p></li><li><b><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span>Check out the <a href="https://gwponlinebibliography.blogspot.com/p/shakespeare-authorship-article-index.html">S</a></span><a href="https://gwponlinebibliography.blogspot.com/p/shakespeare-authorship-article-index.html">hakespeare Authorship Article Index</a><span> for many more articles and reviews about this fascinating time and about the Shakespeare Authorship Question.</span></span></b></li><li style="margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span><span><b>Check out the </b></span></span><span style="color: #0000ee;"><span><b><u><a href="https://gwponlinebibliography.blogspot.com/2020/12/english-renaissance-letters-index.html">Letters Index: Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford</a></u></b></span></span><span><span><b> for many letters from this fascinating time, some related to the Shakespeare Authorship Question.</b></span></span></span></li></ul><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B077LVLXY2/" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1015" data-original-width="1499" height="432" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh2NRwMzgfT-RfMm62wNJUu1wMteQ61N-2FBxGk-UsrnTXW5Ess1sln8ghIlFzhyyhjwSXv84gu1J-8nYTTmCxGfjaaPhGPye49INSfkhVQd6iaKXptMAmMIC80QpdCIdoVz0qj/w640-h432/Falstaff+cover+ad+1.jpg" width="640" /></a></span></p><p style="break-before: page; line-height: 16px; margin-bottom: 0in; page-break-before: always;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"></span></span></p><p style="break-before: auto; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-right: 0.42in; page-break-before: auto;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-right: 0.01in;"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"></span></span></p><p></p><p class="sdfootnote" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Gilbert-Wesley-Purdy/e/B00H5A7SLC/" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="703" data-original-width="1600" height="280" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiBznpkxJG5fQbluqZSP4HXUqlJiYEegqgVppIuc8McfB7KT0s4UmI7eN3h5pieypTBxgp4lIbxTZMW2kwrWroitLPhYMeDUmrdT9CI7AzA7xLFET5O7f-uzSSYZtcblUjyeXCP/s640/Book+Page+ad+2.jpg" width="640" /></a></span></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><br /></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br /></span></p>Gilbert Wesley Purdyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02612678869556343487noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10644518.post-1522511745259495182024-02-24T11:04:00.013-05:002024-02-25T17:13:42.487-05:00A First Step Toward Resolving the Mysteries of the Henry VI Plays.<p><i></i></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><i><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgwOALVADqpsp_5MkEf_mo52Hcz4hNeT0eMzCfux_vE60cqGU5EvL5WKboA9PzIgNDyIqiclCzIx5cqHTwoW5kdGh9B71LFMgKf124_EgMqAV59aYC4dGAPXRW1aU0qboiwM2aQmC03qpuafLWUtU7oi9a94hI8Nrw3OHLWQrHKT5FnvsJq4SYB/s1122/York%20and%20Lancaster.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><img border="0" data-original-height="654" data-original-width="1122" height="187" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgwOALVADqpsp_5MkEf_mo52Hcz4hNeT0eMzCfux_vE60cqGU5EvL5WKboA9PzIgNDyIqiclCzIx5cqHTwoW5kdGh9B71LFMgKf124_EgMqAV59aYC4dGAPXRW1aU0qboiwM2aQmC03qpuafLWUtU7oi9a94hI8Nrw3OHLWQrHKT5FnvsJq4SYB/s320/York%20and%20Lancaster.jpg" width="320" /></span></a></i></div><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><i>A. F. Hopkinson in his Introduction
to the Old English Plays edition of </i>The
Contention<i> [</i>of the
famous houses of York and Lancaster<i>] and [</i>The<i>]
</i>True Tragedy<i> [</i>of
Richard Duke of York<i>]<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="#sdfootnote1sym" name="sdfootnote1anc"><sup>1</sup></a>
gives an overview of Robert Greene's famous screed against the “Shake-scene”
who thought he was a better writer. It seems that Oxfordians have
come to prefer a theory that the Shakes-scene reference points to
Edward Alleyn the most famous actor of the time. Alleyn is said to
have been a physically big man and thus could be said to </i>shake
the scene<i> when he trod the stage.</i></span><p></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><i>I would suggest, however, that
Shake-scene was meant for a playwright who had offended against what
Greene considered the professional code of honor. He had taken his
contribution to the</i> Contention
<i>plays and applied them to his own competing plays on the
subject history — one of those lines being “Oh, tiger’s heart
wrapped in a woman’s hide!”</i></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">In 1592, a few months after Greene’s
death, was published a pamphlet written by Greene called <i>A
Groatsworth of Wit bought with a Million of Repentance.</i>... It
commences with an exhortation to three dramatists to leave off
writing plays;—1, a ‘‘famous gracer of tragedians,” supposed
to be Marlowe; 2, “Young Juvenal, that biting satyrist that lastlie
with mee together writ a comedie,” supposed to be Lodge; 3, “
and thou no less deserving than the other two, in some things rarer,
in nothing inferiour,” supposed to be Peele. Then it
continues:—“Base minded men all three of you, if by my miserie ye
be not warned; for unto none of you, like me, sought these burres to
cleave; these puppits, I mean, that speak from our mouths, those
antics garnisht in our colours. Is it not strange that I, to whom
they al have beene beholding, is it not like that you, to whome they
all have been beholding, shall, were ye in that case that I am now,
be both at once of them forsaken ? Yes, trust them not; for there is
an upstart crow, beautified with our feathers, that with his tygers
heart wrapt in a Players hide, supposes he is as well able to bombast
out a blank verse as the best of you; and being an absolute <i>Johannes
factotum</i>, is in his own conceit the only Shakescene in a
countrie. O that I might entreat your rare wits to be employed in
more profitable courses, and let these apes imitate your past
excellence, and never more acquaint them with your admired
inventions!’’</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B08LLDM91P" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1712" height="448" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzWW5E_En45tcltm2y7EQPyOwQ36yYx1IrgjHfpJMWIAnU73kUHwSEKcc9CQtN8CvY0oQrZwwKPc8UuDkxLW6KFyLqxXse3CwEade-CNJ1yNVzeGlD0oGD4Lwe8Z40kLatWmXo/w640-h448/Parolles.+Cover+1+Framed+50%2525+ad.jpg" width="640" /></span></a></p>
<p align="CENTER" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">***</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">The Shakescene is universally admitted
to be Shakespeare. So it was “the gentle” Shakespeare who had
consciously or unwittingly awakened Greene’s jealousy, and drawn
from him this farrago of lies, hatred, and ill-conceived virulence.
The first clause of the above quotation, “beautified with our
feathers,” evidently alludes to Shakespeare [Shakescene] as an
actor, and points conclusively to the fact that the “upstart crow”
had acted in plays written by Greene, and gained distinction in the
characters he had assumed. Hence he was one of the puppets that,
spoke the words he had written, and the praise and fame he gained
therein, garnished him in the colours and beautified him with the
feathers which Greene thought ought to belong to him as the author.</span></p>
<p align="CENTER" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">***</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">The expression, “Tiger’s heart wrapt
in a player’s hide,” is a parody on a line in the True Tragedy,
i. 4, and <i>3 Henry VI</i>. i. 4:</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">“Oh, tiger’s heart wrapped in a
woman’s hide!”</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">and was no doubt meant to be very
spiteful; but applied to the untigerlike Shakespeare, is about as
ill-chosen as it could be; it shows, however, that Greene was in a
vindictive mood towards Shakespeare, also that little reliance is to
be placed on his statements. The next clause of the sentence,
supposes he is as well able to bombast out a blank verse as the best
of you,” clearly alludes to Shakespeare as a writer.</span></p>
<p align="CENTER" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">***</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">The “absolute Johannes factotum”
means that he was a Jack of all trades—that is, he did anything,
whether as an actor, a refurbisher of old plays, or a writer of new
ones. There can be no doubt that Shakespeare in the early part of his
career did work wherever it was wanted; and that work, in all
likelihood, embraced those three departments of his art.</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B09WC94FGW/" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1154" data-original-width="1905" height="389" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjIJbNwa_JRRkScLOLNNISJ0lWCOXXY2XdD3jUoUfM0GrdsA8uQ67CcDjrrUEQ3PjTegxCcTlDxZsk8mZ7O1m26n2u4MUqXSmpdchHjeWoOn_mnBGm2KVVERANDTHHHFSce96PaHcn7QarXknmpM0w-qH3FIB7Otap7yX6yPsGICygfdaF24Q/w640-h389/Ophelia%20Ford%20Maddox%20Brown%20-%20Book%20Cover300%20-ad.jpg" width="640" /></span></a></p>
<p align="CENTER" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">***</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">The quotation given above has been
advanced as external evidence that Greene, in conjunction with
Marlowe, Lodge and Peele, had some share in writing these plays, and
that the charge levelled at Shakespeare in <i>A Groatsworth of Wit</i>,
was that he appropriated their work when writing <span style="font-style: normal;">2
and 3</span><i> Henry VI.</i> The following construction of the
passage has been advanced by Malone Shakespeare having therefore,
probably not long before the year 1592, when Greene wrote his dying
exhortation to his friend, new-modelled these two pieces (the two
parts of the <i>Contention</i>), and produced on the stage what in
the folio edition of his works are called the Second and Third Parts
of <i>King Henry VI.</i>, and having acquired considerable reputation
by them, Greene could not conceal the mortification that he felt at his own fame, and that of
his associate, both of them old and admired playwrights, being
eclipsed by an upstart writer (for so be calls our great poet) who
had then first perhaps attracted the notice of the public by
exhibiting two plays, formed upon old dramas written by them,
considerably enlarged and improved. He therefore in direct terms
charges him with having acted like the crow in the fable, beautified
himself with their feathers; in other words, with having acquired
fame <i>furtivis coloribus</i>, by new-modelling a work originally
produced by them: and wishing to depreciate our author, he very
naturally quotes a line from one of the pieces which Shakespeare had
thus re-written, a proceeding which the authors of the original plays
considered an invasion both of their literary property and character.
This line with many others, Shakespeare adopted without any
alteration. The very term that Greene uses, — “to bombast out a
blank verse,” exactly corresponds with what has been now suggested. This new poet, says he, knows as well as any man how to amplify and
swell out a blank verse.”</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br /></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><i><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Beginning here at the end, then, I
will respectfully dissent from only one of Hopkinson's points above
that Greene 'evidently alludes to Shakespeare [Shakescene] as an
actor, and points conclusively to the fact that the “upstart crow”
had acted in plays written by Greene'. This is also to dissent from
both the traditional and the Oxfordian position that the passages
were necessarily written as a complaint, at least in part, about how
Shakes-scene was acting on stage.</span></i></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="#sdfootnote1anc" name="sdfootnote1sym">1</a> Hopkinson,
A. F. <i>The Contention and True Tragedy</i> (1897). xiv-xix.</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/1543136257/" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="872" data-original-width="1380" height="405" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg14Nuro9Y4OeO1CSjTL9VoSGrCf9plBaVYE_Tbs5oDG-4dA_Ao-HYYZdS1-ydAv7IS1x6omyigIDEMvWzuL8YS0xVvgif2B0n9G1xSyg3Dz2opKGg4_GIzU3VRyMmWMzhkEcFv/w640-h405/Folio+Cover+Ad+3.jpg" width="640" /></a></p><div style="mso-element: footnote-list;"><div id="ftn2" style="mso-element: footnote;"><div class="MsoFootnoteText"><h4><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: HE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Also at Virtual Grub Street:</span></h4></div></div></div><p><span style="color: black; font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style="color: black; font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></span></p><p></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"></p><p></p><ul style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;"><li><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #202124; font-family: inherit;"><b><a href="https://vgs-pbr-reviews.blogspot.com/2023/08/rocco-bonettis-blackfriars-fencing.html">Rocco Bonetti's Blackfriars Fencing School and Lord Hunsdon's Water Pipe.</a> August 12, 2023. “... the tenement late in the tenure of John Lyllie gentleman & nowe in the tenure of the said Rocho Bonetti...”</b></span></span></li><li><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><p><b><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2023/08/on-shakespeares-lameness-and-historical_5.html">On Shakespeare's lameness and historical-fiction biography, etc.</a> August 5, 2023. <b><span style="font-size: large;">“</span></b>Those who support Sogliardo of Stratford and other authorship candidates generally stop by from time to time to remark...</b><b>”</b></p></span></li><li><b><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2023/04/shakespeare-csi-sir-thomas-more-hand-d.html">Shakespeare CSI: Sir Thomas More, Hand-D.</a> April 22, 2023. “What a glory to have an actual hand-written manuscript from the greatest English writer of all time!”</span></b></li><li><span style="line-height: 18.4px;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><b><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2022/08/robert-greene-and-construction.html">Robert Greene and the Construction Shakespeare Never Used.</a></b><b> August 9, 2022. 'Our first foray “staring intently into” the texts of Robert Greene has noted that his work utilized far fewer feminine endings than Shakespeare’s.'</b></span></span></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><b><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2020/08/a-1572-oxford-letter-and-players-speech.html">A 1572 Oxford Letter and the Player’s Speech in Hamlet.</a> August 11, 2020. “The player’s speech has been a source of consternation among Shakespeare scholars for above 200 years. Why was Aeneas’ tale chosen as the subject?”</span></b></p></li><li><b><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span>Check out the <a href="https://gwponlinebibliography.blogspot.com/p/shakespeare-authorship-article-index.html">S</a></span><a href="https://gwponlinebibliography.blogspot.com/p/shakespeare-authorship-article-index.html">hakespeare Authorship Article Index</a><span> for many more articles and reviews about this fascinating time and about the Shakespeare Authorship Question.</span></span></b></li><li style="margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span><span><b>Check out the </b></span></span><span style="color: #0000ee;"><span><b><u><a href="https://gwponlinebibliography.blogspot.com/2020/12/english-renaissance-letters-index.html">Letters Index: Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford</a></u></b></span></span><span><span><b> for many letters from this fascinating time, some related to the Shakespeare Authorship Question.</b></span></span></span></li></ul><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B077LVLXY2/" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1015" data-original-width="1499" height="432" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh2NRwMzgfT-RfMm62wNJUu1wMteQ61N-2FBxGk-UsrnTXW5Ess1sln8ghIlFzhyyhjwSXv84gu1J-8nYTTmCxGfjaaPhGPye49INSfkhVQd6iaKXptMAmMIC80QpdCIdoVz0qj/w640-h432/Falstaff+cover+ad+1.jpg" width="640" /></a></span></p><p style="break-before: page; line-height: 16px; margin-bottom: 0in; page-break-before: always;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"></span></span></p><p style="break-before: auto; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-right: 0.42in; page-break-before: auto;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-right: 0.01in;"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"></span></span></p><p></p><p class="sdfootnote" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Gilbert-Wesley-Purdy/e/B00H5A7SLC/" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="703" data-original-width="1600" height="280" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiBznpkxJG5fQbluqZSP4HXUqlJiYEegqgVppIuc8McfB7KT0s4UmI7eN3h5pieypTBxgp4lIbxTZMW2kwrWroitLPhYMeDUmrdT9CI7AzA7xLFET5O7f-uzSSYZtcblUjyeXCP/s640/Book+Page+ad+2.jpg" width="640" /></a></span></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><br /></p>Gilbert Wesley Purdyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02612678869556343487noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10644518.post-6830633404841606012024-02-11T12:35:00.011-05:002024-02-11T12:47:35.612-05:00Thomas Nashe, Real: 1589-92.<p> </p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiQ_HUPzPi0XUKlguE_wHQKvM9dAhTEHm_oejS_7jRA8ycbdp11wMAUPthZNXLVLqdoZ1H5mcwc4o55rBtcoQajB9yjd6KBhkFowK3J_3FlRCtz-aUYMJlzUfhaWll2bVmw8rStvhj7x0bIX5cTzcBARzcc_BLhYpB9g2OKA9fAjSPbwgxp8ana/s535/Nashe%201589-92..jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="312" data-original-width="535" height="187" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiQ_HUPzPi0XUKlguE_wHQKvM9dAhTEHm_oejS_7jRA8ycbdp11wMAUPthZNXLVLqdoZ1H5mcwc4o55rBtcoQajB9yjd6KBhkFowK3J_3FlRCtz-aUYMJlzUfhaWll2bVmw8rStvhj7x0bIX5cTzcBARzcc_BLhYpB9g2OKA9fAjSPbwgxp8ana/s320/Nashe%201589-92..jpg" width="320" /></a></div><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: x-large;">In this "Thomas Nashe, Real" series:</span><p></p><p></p><ul><li><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2024/02/thomas-nashe-real-1567-1589.html">1567-89</a>;</span></li><li><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">1589-92;</span></li></ul><p></p><p><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Picking up the trail of Thomas Nashe after his letter-preface to Robert Greene's </span><i style="font-family: inherit;">Menaphon</i><span style="font-family: inherit;">, we find him engaging in the infamous Marprelate controversy. Marprelate was the appellation given to an anonymous puritan writer who had attacked the Church of England in print. The government sought out the Marprelate without success. Lyly, Nashe and others replied in defense of the established church. The ensuing pamphlet-contest was highly popular.</span></span></p><p></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">A strange pattern prevails in Nashe's contributions. His first venture — <i>A Countercuffe Given To Martin Junior</i><span style="color: black;"><span face="Segoe UI, sans-serif"><span><b> — </b></span></span></span>was published in 1589. The style is very recognizably his own. But the biography of the narrator, “Pasquill of England,” is recognizably that of another of Edward de Vere's servants, Anthony Munday. Munday was a <span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255);">prolific</span> freelance writer who gloried in his role traveling through Kent, London and to the continent to spy on Catholic expatriot networks for Queen Elizabeth's spy masters. The tongue-in-cheek reference can hardly be missed:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="break-before: auto; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.51in; margin-right: 0.42in; page-break-before: auto;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Pasquill hath posted very dilligently over all the Realme, to gather some fruitfull Volume of THE LIVES OF THE SAINTS,...<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="#sdfootnote1sym" name="sdfootnote1anc"><sup>1</sup></a><span style="color: black;"><span><span></span></span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">The second in the series of pamphlets — <i>The Returne of Pasquill</i><span style="color: black;"><span face="Segoe UI, sans-serif"><span><b> — </b></span></span></span>published later the same year, is a dialogue in which Pasquill again matches the biography of Munday and not at all of Nashe. Moreover, the style doesn't display the mania so popular in Nashe. The part of Pasquill seems to have been written by Munday. His interlocutor, Marforius, was written by a unusually subdued but recognizable Thomas Nashe.</span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Shakespeare-1573-Apprenticeship-Authorship-Progress-ebook/dp/B096GSQV14"><img border="0" data-original-height="930" data-original-width="1576" height="378" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiw2Ow_sM9oTibwLpG6UZ99sPEf4Y61FTki9uL17S9wbWRRDdT-9Qklm48OF1WpLuqQ4RWyxj5uqGoeyF-XcSu4ObMrxexjG_-DDAghyphenhyphen7AqNpIyITbBQnZo5lAFrEJ49FByxnnm/w640-h378/1573+Cover+ad+-+300+dpi.jpg" width="640" /></a></span></div><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">If this is not enough to establish that Nashe and Munday were collaborat<span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255);">ing</span> at this time, <i>The Life, Adventures, and Times of Edward Webbe</i> and the final Marprelate pamphlet attributed to Nashe were published the next year. What little non-fiction biography <i>Webbe</i> contains belonged to Munday who wrote about his time spying in the English College in Rome at every possible opportunity. The style occasionally suggests Nashe and the tale of the Earl of Oxford challenging all comers would be recycled with Vere's uncle, the famous Earl of Surrey, doing the challenging in Nashe's <i>Unfortunate Traveller</i><span> (1594)</span>. The final pamphlet also only occasionally suggests the hand of Nashe — a fact that highly likely means that his style is already expanding in ways that will soon be evident.</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">The next work we know Nashe published is also his most famous: <i>Pierce Penniless, his Supplication to the Devil</i> (1592). There is so much to be said about the work that I will close out this segment with an astonishing analysis of the famous Nashe-Harvey pamphlet controversy that followed by Ronald B. McKerrow from his 5 volume <i>Works of Nashe</i><span> (1904-10).</span></span></p><p style="break-before: auto; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.49in; margin-right: 0.42in; page-break-before: auto;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">The quarrel between Nashe and the Harveys seems in its origin to be an offshoot of the well-known one between Edward de Vere, Earl of Oxford, and Sir Philip Sidney in 1579, and to have arisen out of what may have been a simple misunderstanding or misinterpretation of a harmless piece of impersonal satire. In one of the Three Proper Letters, between Harvey and Spenser, published in 1580, Harvey had included a poem in English hexameters entitled <i>Speculum Tuscanismi</i>, in ridicule of an Italianate Englishman, and it chanced that this poem might be read as an attack upon the Earl of Oxford. Whether it was so intended or not we cannot now say, but it must be confessed that, under the circumstances, the suspicion was not altogether unreasonable.</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.49in; margin-right: 0.42in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">At this time it happened that Lyly, or the future author of <i>Pap with a Hatchet</i><span>,</span> whom we may take to have been Lyly, was on bad terms with Gabriel Harvey, and he with others brought the poem to the notice of the Earl of Oxford in the hope of incensing him against its author. The Earl, however, appears to have taken little notice of the matter; he was, according to Harvey, not disposed to trouble his joviall mind with such Saturnine paltery, and the affair seems quickly to have blown over.</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.49in; margin-right: 0.42in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">We have no evidence as to what was the cause which led Lyly to try to incite Oxford against Harvey. Whatever it may have been, the ill will seems to have been chiefly on Lyly’s side, for Harvey tells us that the attempt had been made ‘without private cause, or any reason in the world: (for in truth I looved him, in hope praysed him; many wayes favored him, and never any way offended him).</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.49in; margin-right: 0.42in;"><span style="clear: left; float: left; font-size: large; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Back-When-Ophelia-Jumped-Cliff-ebook/dp/B09WC94FGW"><img border="0" data-original-height="1154" data-original-width="1905" height="389" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjIJbNwa_JRRkScLOLNNISJ0lWCOXXY2XdD3jUoUfM0GrdsA8uQ67CcDjrrUEQ3PjTegxCcTlDxZsk8mZ7O1m26n2u4MUqXSmpdchHjeWoOn_mnBGm2KVVERANDTHHHFSce96PaHcn7QarXknmpM0w-qH3FIB7Otap7yX6yPsGICygfdaF24Q/w640-h389/Ophelia%20Ford%20Maddox%20Brown%20-%20Book%20Cover300%20-ad.jpg" width="640" /></a></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.49in; margin-right: 0.42in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">This old affair between Harvey and a certain group of persons, of whom Lyly was one, if not almost forgotten by the former in the years which elapsed between 1580 and 1589, would probably have had no further consequences, if it had not been for a passage in <i>Pap with a Hatchet</i>, in which Harvey's <i>Three Letters</i> is referred to. On the appearance of <i>Pap</i>, Harvey composed a long reply, the ‘Advertisement for Pap-hatchet, and Martin Mar-prelate', which he afterwards published in <i>Pierce's Supererogation. </i>This ‘ Advertisement ’ Harvey may have circulated in manuscript among his friends, but he appears to have made no attempt to get it printed at the time, and indeed professes that he would never have done so had it not been for the later attacks upon him.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="#sdfootnote2sym" name="sdfootnote2anc"><sup>2</sup></a></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">It bears remembering that McKerrow's take was published in 1910 — well before any Oxfordian theory or theory that Nashe was a boon companion of Oxford existed. But we'll have to take this up in the next installment.</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br /></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br /></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br /></span></p><div id="sdfootnote1"><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="#sdfootnote1anc" name="sdfootnote1sym">1</a>McKerrow, Ronald B. <i>The Works of Thomas Nashe Edited From The Original Texts</i> (1904). I.60-1.</span></p></div><div id="sdfootnote2"><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="#sdfootnote2anc" name="sdfootnote2sym">2</a>McKerrow. <i>The Works of Thomas Nashe Edited From The Original Texts</i> (1910). V.74-5.</span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br /></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br /></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B08LLDM91P"><span style="font-size: large;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1712" height="448" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzWW5E_En45tcltm2y7EQPyOwQ36yYx1IrgjHfpJMWIAnU73kUHwSEKcc9CQtN8CvY0oQrZwwKPc8UuDkxLW6KFyLqxXse3CwEade-CNJ1yNVzeGlD0oGD4Lwe8Z40kLatWmXo/w640-h448/Parolles.+Cover+1+Framed+50%2525+ad.jpg" width="640" /></span></a></div><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><div style="mso-element: footnote-list;"><div id="ftn2" style="mso-element: footnote;"><div class="MsoFootnoteText"><h4><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: HE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Also at Virtual Grub Street:</span></h4></div></div></div><p><span style="color: black; font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style="color: black; font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></span></p><p></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"></p><p></p><ul style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;"><li><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #202124; font-family: inherit;"><b><a href="https://vgs-pbr-reviews.blogspot.com/2023/08/rocco-bonettis-blackfriars-fencing.html">Rocco Bonetti's Blackfriars Fencing School and Lord Hunsdon's Water Pipe.</a> August 12, 2023. “... the tenement late in the tenure of John Lyllie gentleman & nowe in the tenure of the said Rocho Bonetti...”</b></span></span></li><li><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><p><b><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2023/08/on-shakespeares-lameness-and-historical_5.html">On Shakespeare's lameness and historical-fiction biography, etc.</a> August 5, 2023. <b><span style="font-size: large;">“</span></b>Those who support Sogliardo of Stratford and other authorship candidates generally stop by from time to time to remark...</b><b>”</b></p></span></li><li><b style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: large;"><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2023/04/shakespeare-csi-sir-thomas-more-hand-d.html">Shakespeare CSI: Sir Thomas More, Hand-D.</a> April 22, 2023. “What a glory to have an actual hand-written manuscript from the greatest English writer of all time!”</span></b></li><li><span style="line-height: 18.4px;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><b><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2022/08/robert-greene-and-construction.html">Robert Greene and the Construction Shakespeare Never Used.</a></b><b> August 9, 2022. 'Our first foray “staring intently into” the texts of Robert Greene has noted that his work utilized far fewer feminine endings than Shakespeare’s.'</b></span></span></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><b><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2020/08/a-1572-oxford-letter-and-players-speech.html">A 1572 Oxford Letter and the Player’s Speech in Hamlet.</a> August 11, 2020. “The player’s speech has been a source of consternation among Shakespeare scholars for above 200 years. Why was Aeneas’ tale chosen as the subject?”</span></b></p></li><li><b><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span>Check out the <a href="https://gwponlinebibliography.blogspot.com/p/shakespeare-authorship-article-index.html">S</a></span><a href="https://gwponlinebibliography.blogspot.com/p/shakespeare-authorship-article-index.html">hakespeare Authorship Article Index</a><span> for many more articles and reviews about this fascinating time and about the Shakespeare Authorship Question.</span></span></b></li><li style="margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span><span><b>Check out the </b></span></span><span style="color: #0000ee;"><span><b><u><a href="https://gwponlinebibliography.blogspot.com/2020/12/english-renaissance-letters-index.html">Letters Index: Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford</a></u></b></span></span><span><span><b> for many letters from this fascinating time, some related to the Shakespeare Authorship Question.</b></span></span></span></li></ul><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B077LVLXY2/" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1015" data-original-width="1499" height="432" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh2NRwMzgfT-RfMm62wNJUu1wMteQ61N-2FBxGk-UsrnTXW5Ess1sln8ghIlFzhyyhjwSXv84gu1J-8nYTTmCxGfjaaPhGPye49INSfkhVQd6iaKXptMAmMIC80QpdCIdoVz0qj/w640-h432/Falstaff+cover+ad+1.jpg" width="640" /></a></span></p><p style="break-before: page; line-height: 16px; margin-bottom: 0in; page-break-before: always;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"></span></span></p><p style="break-before: auto; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-right: 0.42in; page-break-before: auto;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-right: 0.01in;"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-size: large;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote" style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></span></p><p></p><p class="sdfootnote" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Gilbert-Wesley-Purdy/e/B00H5A7SLC/" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="703" data-original-width="1600" height="280" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiBznpkxJG5fQbluqZSP4HXUqlJiYEegqgVppIuc8McfB7KT0s4UmI7eN3h5pieypTBxgp4lIbxTZMW2kwrWroitLPhYMeDUmrdT9CI7AzA7xLFET5O7f-uzSSYZtcblUjyeXCP/s640/Book+Page+ad+2.jpg" style="cursor: move;" width="640" /></a></span></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><br /></p></div>Gilbert Wesley Purdyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02612678869556343487noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10644518.post-39872806580683376692024-02-04T12:22:00.012-05:002024-02-11T12:48:56.579-05:00Thomas Nashe, Real: 1567-1589.<p><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi1FTqkdP7IJTQRFKqIFldF46rFGsSbgCO2CCnoViu-X6MwueHYqoJXoYTT4U0uOOv7WcuBSjbkuPr9BlOYuKjSU7eHr-ySNhNHar9KrGvSZZbX3LG_76kPoIfwn0rzp9Uofoi3mzsyRLIVEMncd-z54FhsD1nOonLtyzWCWTGzzGnYcJRgNK7u/s1132/Nashe%20Real%201.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="659" data-original-width="1132" height="186" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi1FTqkdP7IJTQRFKqIFldF46rFGsSbgCO2CCnoViu-X6MwueHYqoJXoYTT4U0uOOv7WcuBSjbkuPr9BlOYuKjSU7eHr-ySNhNHar9KrGvSZZbX3LG_76kPoIfwn0rzp9Uofoi3mzsyRLIVEMncd-z54FhsD1nOonLtyzWCWTGzzGnYcJRgNK7u/s320/Nashe%20Real%201.jpg" width="320" /></a></span></div><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><div><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: x-large;">In this "Thomas Nashe, Real" series:</span><p style="font-size: medium;"></p><p style="font-size: medium;"></p><ul style="font-size: medium;"><li><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">1567-89;</span></li><li><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2024/02/thomas-nashe-real-1589-92_11.html">1589-92</a>;</span></li></ul></span></div>Thomas Nashe was born to William and
Margaret Nashe in November of 1567. The birth is duly entered in the
surviving Lowestoft Parish Register. Nashe mentions his home town in
his work “Lenten Stuffe”.</span><p></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">He entered St. John's College,
Cambridge, in 1582, as a sizar (a poor student paying tuition through
menial services to his house). He began work on a masters after some
3 years and continued as a <span><span>Lady
Margaret Scholar, beginning in 1584,</span></span> for some 5 years
more, until it was removed and he was forced to leave. The Alumni
Cantabrigiensis has it that he was “Probably expelled for his share
in <i>Terminus et non Terminus</i> wherein he played the Valet of
Clubs.” It is likelier, however, that he was occupying rooms
without actively proceeding toward a masters for which reason he lost
his scholarship.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><i>Terminus et non Terminusis</i><span>
apparently not the only play he co-wrote while at Cambridge. The play
</span><i>The Tragedy of Dido, Queen of Carthage</i><span>
was published in 1594 with Christopher Marlowe and Nashe listed as
authors. Both were Cambridge students circa 1584 when the play was
written. The opening interlude and passages relating to the gods of
the pantheon are the type of thing Marlowe never indulged in. Nashe
is said to have been smitten </span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B096L2KPR4" style="background-color: white; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="351" data-original-width="871" height="210" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgELC6TGFWltwwg_mrsN-nFY1NJ9y9AZ8R0FCfMs_DizQ7GSZ3NNJQx3ou_P5Kb4IGLP1K3_vMCnK3a8EFqsqCbitDuVuPzJDDr-UqKRkHYh6Ao1eONEbckZ9eIz5s_D3mbtFf4/w640-h258/In-Progress+Ad.jpg" width="560" /></a></div><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span>with euphuism early on and these
passages, in particular, are in that style.</span></span></p>
<p style="break-before: auto; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.43in; page-break-before: auto;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><i>Jupiter</i>. COme gentle Ganimed and play with me,</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.43in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">I love thee well, say Juno what she will</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.43in;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><i>Ganimede.</i> I am much better for your worthies loue.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.43in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
That will not shield me from her shrewish blowes:</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.43in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
To day when as I hid into your cups,</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.43in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
And held the cloath of pleasance whiles you dranke.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.43in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
She reacht me such a rap for that I spilde,</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.43in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
As made the bloud run downe about mine eares.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.43in;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><i>Jup</i>. What dares she strike the darling of my thoughts?</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.43in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
By Saturnes souIe,and this earth threatning aire.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.43in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
That shaken thrise,makes Natures buildings quake,</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.43in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
I vow, if she but once frownc on thee more.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.43in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
To hang her meteor like twixt heaven and earth.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.43in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
And bind her hand and foote with golden cordes.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.43in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
As once I did for harming Hercules.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.43in;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><i>Gan</i>. Might I but see that pretie sport a foote,</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.43in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
O how would I with Helens brother laugh,</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.43in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
And bring the Gods to wonder at the game;</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">The
composition date is not often mentioned among scholars because it
causes problems. Nashe was 17 or 18 years of age at the time — as
immature as the passage indicates. Still, its title-page advertises
that it was played by “the Children of Her Majesties Chappell”
and the children ceased playing in 1585. They were only revived in
1600.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span>Curiously,
Edward de Vere, the 17</span><sup><span>th</span></sup><span>
Earl of Oxford, had purchased the lease of the first version of the
Blackfriars Theater, where the children played, and signed it over to
his secretary John Lyly. The two men would have been the managers who
selected the play for production (along with a number of others now
famous for being among the great early works of Elizabethan theater).
This is almost certainly the means by which the four become
acquainted.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span>It is
worth mentioning that the Player's Speech, in </span><i>Hamlet</i><span>,
is generally thought to be a jab at the rhetoric of </span><i>Dido</i><span>.
I have offered the conjecture that the speech was originally an
epilogue to Vere's </span><i><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Ulysses-Agamemnon-Edward-William-Shakespeare-ebook/dp/B07JD7KM1T/">Ulysses and Agamemnon</a></i><span><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Ulysses-Agamemnon-Edward-William-Shakespeare-ebook/dp/B07JD7KM1T/">
(1584)</a> played by the Children soon after.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="#sdfootnote1sym" name="sdfootnote1anc"><sup>1</sup></a></span></span></p>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B07JD7KM1T" style="font-size: medium; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="543" data-original-width="580" height="373" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgvVgFF0FQ9otnlaxK73IirYZtup0oCIY3aNnzbGh8N5MehEz2_0N57JIozAs_wU5EtfAaPI0v0NuNMz9Q6bWlEkt8Plyxy-Ym_4-1Z_E-hwU6Yv0kXe7YOgVYxVvb_Mjw_vZ72/w400-h373/Hector+brought+back+to+Troy+Ad+1b1+-+50%2525.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span>This
is hardly the only occasion in which knowing the logistics of play
publishing is important. Plays (owned by others than Philip Henslowe)
were generally published after their popularity had faded, and was
not expected to revive, or after a major related headline event. In
the case of Marlowe's plays (other than those owned by Henslowe),
they began to be published after his death in 1593. Thus the title
page of </span><i>Dido</i><span> informs
us that he and Nashe wrote the play circa 1584, it remained popular
through the time of his death and was published in 1594, by whoever
owned it at the time, in order to take advantage of the lurid manner
of the playwright's sensational death (reason to revive and publish
while the iron was hot).</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span>The
play </span><i>The Raigne of King Edward III</i><span>
has come to be attributed, in recent years, to Marlowe and William
Shakespeare, as will be mentioned in a study I expect to publish at
any day. The title page neither shows author(s) nor the venue(s) in
which the play was presented. This because it was left unfinished at
Marlowe's death. The unfinished manuscript seems to have been handed
along to Edward de Vere. In the case of </span><i>Dido</i><span>,
Vere may well have owned the rights, but it was completed in 1584 and
given a run on the Blackfriars stage. There was no need for Nashe to
complete it. He was far more likely the co-author in 1584.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span>Robert
Greene was also an alum of Cambridge (receiving his Masters in 1583).
He engaged Nashe to write a now famous letter by way of introduction
to his </span><i>Menaphon: Camillas alarum to slumbering Euphues, in
his melancholie cell at Silexedra</i> (1589)<span style="color: #4d5156;"><span face="Roboto, arial, sans-serif"><span><span><span>.</span></span></span></span></span><span>
He is often credited with recognizing Nashe's talent although the
younger man had no previous publications but we have seen that Greene
could well have visited his old school or Blackfriars to watch the play. Also,
Nashe's </span><i>Anatomie of Absurditie</i><span>
had been registered with the Stationers in September of 1588 and may
already have been published. The tone of the </span><i>Anatomie</i><span>
and of the </span><i>Letter</i><span> is
identical.</span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/1543136257/" style="font-size: medium; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="872" data-original-width="1380" height="253" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg14Nuro9Y4OeO1CSjTL9VoSGrCf9plBaVYE_Tbs5oDG-4dA_Ao-HYYZdS1-ydAv7IS1x6omyigIDEMvWzuL8YS0xVvgif2B0n9G1xSyg3Dz2opKGg4_GIzU3VRyMmWMzhkEcFv/w400-h253/Folio+Cover+Ad+3.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">So
then, by 1589 Thomas Nashe had already gotten in tight with
Christopher Marlowe, Robert Greene, John Lyly, Edward de Vere and
others of considerable importance not so well known to history. He
clearly had an equal talent as hail-fellow-well-met combined with
ambition. His wit already bordered on the manic and went over the
border into unwise lack of restraint. Life was short and he had a lot
of writing and partying to do.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br /></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p align="LEFT" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="#sdfootnote1anc" name="sdfootnote1sym" style="font-family: inherit;">1</a><i style="font-family: inherit;">New
Variorum Hamlet</i><span style="font-family: inherit;"> (1918). II.ii.416-8. “</span><i style="font-family: inherit;">Hamlet</i><span style="font-family: inherit;">. I heard
thee speak me a speech once, but it was </span><span style="font-family: inherit;">never acted ;
or, if it was, not above once; for the play, I remember, pleased not
the million; 'twas caviare to the general ;...”</span></span></p><div id="sdfootnote1"><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br /></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B08LLDM91P"><span style="font-size: large;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1712" height="448" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzWW5E_En45tcltm2y7EQPyOwQ36yYx1IrgjHfpJMWIAnU73kUHwSEKcc9CQtN8CvY0oQrZwwKPc8UuDkxLW6KFyLqxXse3CwEade-CNJ1yNVzeGlD0oGD4Lwe8Z40kLatWmXo/w640-h448/Parolles.+Cover+1+Framed+50%2525+ad.jpg" width="640" /></span></a></div><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><div style="mso-element: footnote-list;"><div id="ftn2" style="mso-element: footnote;"><div class="MsoFootnoteText"><h4><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: HE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Also at Virtual Grub Street:</span></h4></div></div></div><p><span style="color: black; font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style="color: black; font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></span></p><p></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"></p><p></p><ul style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;"><li><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #202124; font-family: inherit;"><b><a href="https://vgs-pbr-reviews.blogspot.com/2023/08/rocco-bonettis-blackfriars-fencing.html">Rocco Bonetti's Blackfriars Fencing School and Lord Hunsdon's Water Pipe.</a> August 12, 2023. “... the tenement late in the tenure of John Lyllie gentleman & nowe in the tenure of the said Rocho Bonetti...”</b></span></span></li><li><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><p><b><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2023/08/on-shakespeares-lameness-and-historical_5.html">On Shakespeare's lameness and historical-fiction biography, etc.</a> August 5, 2023. <b><span style="font-size: large;">“</span></b>Those who support Sogliardo of Stratford and other authorship candidates generally stop by from time to time to remark...</b><b>”</b></p></span></li><li><b style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: large;"><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2023/04/shakespeare-csi-sir-thomas-more-hand-d.html">Shakespeare CSI: Sir Thomas More, Hand-D.</a> April 22, 2023. “What a glory to have an actual hand-written manuscript from the greatest English writer of all time!”</span></b></li><li><span style="line-height: 18.4px;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><b><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2022/08/robert-greene-and-construction.html">Robert Greene and the Construction Shakespeare Never Used.</a></b><b> August 9, 2022. 'Our first foray “staring intently into” the texts of Robert Greene has noted that his work utilized far fewer feminine endings than Shakespeare’s.'</b></span></span></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><b><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2020/08/a-1572-oxford-letter-and-players-speech.html">A 1572 Oxford Letter and the Player’s Speech in Hamlet.</a> August 11, 2020. “The player’s speech has been a source of consternation among Shakespeare scholars for above 200 years. Why was Aeneas’ tale chosen as the subject?”</span></b></p></li><li><b><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span>Check out the <a href="https://gwponlinebibliography.blogspot.com/p/shakespeare-authorship-article-index.html">S</a></span><a href="https://gwponlinebibliography.blogspot.com/p/shakespeare-authorship-article-index.html">hakespeare Authorship Article Index</a><span> for many more articles and reviews about this fascinating time and about the Shakespeare Authorship Question.</span></span></b></li><li style="margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span><span><b>Check out the </b></span></span><span style="color: #0000ee;"><span><b><u><a href="https://gwponlinebibliography.blogspot.com/2020/12/english-renaissance-letters-index.html">Letters Index: Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford</a></u></b></span></span><span><span><b> for many letters from this fascinating time, some related to the Shakespeare Authorship Question.</b></span></span></span></li></ul><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B077LVLXY2/" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1015" data-original-width="1499" height="432" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh2NRwMzgfT-RfMm62wNJUu1wMteQ61N-2FBxGk-UsrnTXW5Ess1sln8ghIlFzhyyhjwSXv84gu1J-8nYTTmCxGfjaaPhGPye49INSfkhVQd6iaKXptMAmMIC80QpdCIdoVz0qj/w640-h432/Falstaff+cover+ad+1.jpg" width="640" /></a></span></p><p style="break-before: page; line-height: 16px; margin-bottom: 0in; page-break-before: always;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"></span></span></p><p style="break-before: auto; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-right: 0.42in; page-break-before: auto;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-right: 0.01in;"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-size: large;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Gilbert-Wesley-Purdy/e/B00H5A7SLC/" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="703" data-original-width="1600" height="280" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiBznpkxJG5fQbluqZSP4HXUqlJiYEegqgVppIuc8McfB7KT0s4UmI7eN3h5pieypTBxgp4lIbxTZMW2kwrWroitLPhYMeDUmrdT9CI7AzA7xLFET5O7f-uzSSYZtcblUjyeXCP/s640/Book+Page+ad+2.jpg" width="640" /></a></span></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"> </span></p>
</div>Gilbert Wesley Purdyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02612678869556343487noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10644518.post-51220977649120821662024-01-29T10:16:00.009-05:002024-01-29T10:37:25.923-05:00Who Wrote A Warning for Fair Women?<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiDxcLfxFVtQNL34t5Arw0sCmwcnQOvdaHCSB8omTJ8pDNV-iBenQmy5d-XAx_jjGCzb5OFuU6xOQplzlZ4ZT_c7A9we07dnVyW07ajBwce1dtNA0l9_lFINVgx4OtMYPomxV0MfLdNemY1pELG2KsfVyFC3NePhcTeWnkBmVTaKrI8HdEBgemj/s723/Golding%20Brief%20Discourse.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="421" data-original-width="723" height="186" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiDxcLfxFVtQNL34t5Arw0sCmwcnQOvdaHCSB8omTJ8pDNV-iBenQmy5d-XAx_jjGCzb5OFuU6xOQplzlZ4ZT_c7A9we07dnVyW07ajBwce1dtNA0l9_lFINVgx4OtMYPomxV0MfLdNemY1pELG2KsfVyFC3NePhcTeWnkBmVTaKrI8HdEBgemj/s320/Golding%20Brief%20Discourse.jpg" width="320" /></a></span></div><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Traveling
through the literature of the Tudor world is fascinating and
maddening. With the advent of the printing press, the vast unlettered
spaces of daily life begin to be filled with printed pages of one
sort and another. Every word, practically, was an experiment. How
were manuscripts to be transcribed? Pamphlets properly written?
Plays? How was the public to be properly protected from dangerous
misinformation? The government from disruption?</span><p></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Even
now, some 500 years later, the answers for most of the questions are
not yet finally answered. Tudor answers were provisional as the rule.
The efforts were fitful. One just kept writing until something
amounted to an improvement and then everyone copied it. When the next
new promising development came along everyone copied <i>that</i>. One
just kept writing.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Centuries
of bias toward Latin was replaced by bias to sell the maximum
possible copies of the new printed books. This meant that the vulgar
languages of the population at large soon outpaced the scholarly.
This, in turn, meant that rapidly increasing numbers of the common
people learned to read the modern languages of their countries
accelerating publishing in that line.</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/1543136257/" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"><img border="0" data-original-height="872" data-original-width="1380" height="405" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg14Nuro9Y4OeO1CSjTL9VoSGrCf9plBaVYE_Tbs5oDG-4dA_Ao-HYYZdS1-ydAv7IS1x6omyigIDEMvWzuL8YS0xVvgif2B0n9G1xSyg3Dz2opKGg4_GIzU3VRyMmWMzhkEcFv/w640-h405/Folio+Cover+Ad+3.jpg" width="640" /></span></a><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">But
there still remained a market for books in Latin together with a
growing market for books in classical Greek. A larger market,
actually, than could possibly be supplied any longer by manuscript
books. Eventually knowledge of classical languages faded away to
become a specialty skill. By the beginning of the 17<sup>th</sup>
century academics such a Robert Burton bemoaned the fact that they
were forced to write even their scholarly books mostly in English.
Only the quotes could be presented in their original languages and
then they must generally be followed by glosses in English.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Many
very knowledgeable Latinists had long abandoned writing original
material in the language. Like Arthur Golding, in 1573, many
published pamphlets on subjects of the most prurient sort like <span style="color: black;"><b>
</b></span><span style="color: black;"><i>A
Briefe Discourse of the late murther of master George Saunders a
worshipfull Citizen of London; and of the apprehension, arreignement,
and execution of the principall & accessaries of the same</i></span><span style="color: black;">.
Imprinted at London by Henry Bynneman, dwelling in Knightrider
Streete, at the Signe of the Mermayde. Anno 1573.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Bynneman
was a publisher of high-end literary works. In the same year, 1573,
he published George Gascoigne's infamous anthology <i>A Hundreth
sundrie Flowres</i>, the subject of
my<i> </i>study<i>
<a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B096GSQV14">Shakespeare in 1573: Apprenticeship and Scandal</a><a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="#sdfootnote1sym" name="sdfootnote1anc"><sup>1</sup></a>.</i>
A number of young courtier poets from that year, closely connected
with the also young Edward de Vere, 17<sup>th</sup>
Earl of Oxford, had work appear in the anthology. A few had had other
works published by Bynneman.</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Golding,
of course, was Oxford's uncle, on his mother's side. What is more
immediately important, however, is that the main conspirator in the
murder of George Saunders was once a servant of the young Earl. The
man's name was George Browne.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Presumably
mindful of the family connection, and the notoriety it could possibly
bring if he were not to intervene, Golding went to work. The pamphlet
gives the details, including one<span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
particularly affecting detail</span>,
and follows them with further description of the godly manner in
which the matter was dispatched. The account was made acceptable to
the authorities, clergy, etc., by ending with repentance, forgiveness
and execution. By the measure of the time, Golding's was a godly work
and made sure the Vere family name was not mentioned. It <i>was</i>,
of course, a bestseller.</span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B096GSQV14" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"><img border="0" data-original-height="930" data-original-width="1576" height="378" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiw2Ow_sM9oTibwLpG6UZ99sPEf4Y61FTki9uL17S9wbWRRDdT-9Qklm48OF1WpLuqQ4RWyxj5uqGoeyF-XcSu4ObMrxexjG_-DDAghyphenhyphen7AqNpIyITbBQnZo5lAFrEJ49FByxnnm/w640-h378/1573+Cover+ad+-+300+dpi.jpg" width="640" /></span></a></div><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">An
anonymous play about the murder, entitled <i>A Warning for
Fair Women</i>, was published in
1599. It is widely agreed, however, that it was written prior to
1590, in light of its use of dumb-shows, allegory and chorus. While
more than one writer had written work about the murder — including
the great chronicler John Stowe — the <i>Warning</i>
followed the narrative given in Golding. This is only one of the
clues that compose the murder mystery of who wrote the play. It is a
mystery revisited again and again for centuries. The fact that some
assign it to Thomas Kyd itself turns out to be a clue. The name of
the likely author has never been announced.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span>This
is where a maddening part comes in (hardly the only one). William
Shakespeare has, of course, been floated as author. He seems to have
been properly been rejected. Thomas Heywood is often floated as his
</span><span><span><i>Apology
for Actors</i></span></span><span>
references an event that is also mentioned in the </span><span><span><i>Warning.</i></span></span></span></p>
<p style="break-before: auto; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.49in; margin-right: 0.41in; page-break-before: auto;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
A woman that had made away her husband,
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.49in; margin-right: 0.41in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
And sitting to behold a tragedy,</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.49in; margin-right: 0.41in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
At Lynn, a town in Norfolk,</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.49in; margin-right: 0.41in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
Acted by players travelling that way,—</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.49in; margin-right: 0.41in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
Wherein a woman that had murdered hers—</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.49in; margin-right: 0.41in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
Was ever haunted with her husband's ghost.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.49in; margin-right: 0.41in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
The passion written by a feeling pen,</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.49in; margin-right: 0.41in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
And acted by a good tragedian,—</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.49in; margin-right: 0.41in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
She was so moved with the sight thereof,</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.49in; margin-right: 0.41in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
As she cried out, 'The play was made by her,'</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.49in; margin-right: 0.41in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
And openly confess[ed] her husband's murder.<span><span><a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="#sdfootnote2sym" name="sdfootnote2anc"><sup>2</sup></a></span></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span>At
the point in the play, </span><span><span><i>The
History of Friar Francis</i></span></span><span>,
according to Heywood's version,</span><span>
“</span>presenting a woman, who insatiately doting on a yong
gentleman, had (the more securely to enjoy his affection)
mischievously and seceretly murdered her husband, whose ghost haunted
her,...”</span></p>
<p style="break-before: auto; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.49in; margin-right: 0.41in; page-break-before: auto;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
a townes-woman (till then of good estimation and report) finding her
conscience (at this presentment) extremely troubled, suddenly
skritchcd and cryd out Oh my husband, my husband! I see the ghost of
my husband fiercely threatning and menacing me. At which shrill and
unexpected out-cry, the people about her moov'd to a strange
amazement, inquired the reason of her clamour, when presently
un-urged, she told them, that seven yeares ago, she, to be possest of
such a Gcntleman... had poisoned her husband, whose fearefull image
personated It selfe in the shape of that ghost;...<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="#sdfootnote3sym" name="sdfootnote3anc"><sup>3</sup></a></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">But
the <i>Apology</i> was published in 1612. Heywood's name never
appears in any theater records of the time until 1593. Even then he
was younger than 20 years old.</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B09WC94FGW/" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1154" data-original-width="1905" height="389" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjIJbNwa_JRRkScLOLNNISJ0lWCOXXY2XdD3jUoUfM0GrdsA8uQ67CcDjrrUEQ3PjTegxCcTlDxZsk8mZ7O1m26n2u4MUqXSmpdchHjeWoOn_mnBGm2KVVERANDTHHHFSce96PaHcn7QarXknmpM0w-qH3FIB7Otap7yX6yPsGICygfdaF24Q/w640-h389/Ophelia%20Ford%20Maddox%20Brown%20-%20Book%20Cover300%20-ad.jpg" width="640" /></span></a><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span>Less
known, perhaps, is the fact that the event is thought to be referred
to in </span><span><span><i>Hamlet</i></span></span><span>.</span></span></p>
<p style="break-before: auto; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.49in; margin-right: 0.43in; page-break-before: auto;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
Hum, I have heard</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.49in; margin-right: 0.43in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
That guilty creatures, sitting at a play,
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.49in; margin-right: 0.43in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
Have, by the very cunning of the scene,</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.49in; margin-right: 0.43in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
Been struck so to the soul that presently</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.49in; margin-right: 0.43in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
They have proclaim'd their malefactions;</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.49in; margin-right: 0.43in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
For murder, though it have no tongue, will speak</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.49in; margin-right: 0.43in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
With most miraculous organ.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="#sdfootnote4sym" name="sdfootnote4anc"><sup>4</sup></a></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a name="productTitle"></a><a name="title"></a>
<span>Traditional scholars
still insist that the play was written in 1600. Those who know my
work </span><i><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B09WC94FGW">Back When Ophelia Jumped Off a Cliff: theHamlet of 1589</a><a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="#sdfootnote5sym" name="sdfootnote5anc"><sup>5</sup></a></i>
know that the German translation of the play gives numerous
compelling indications of having been done from a 1589 original, by
Shakespeare, and it includes the more complete reference to the
event. <span>But not as we
have it in any English version of </span><span><span><i>Hamlet</i></span></span><span>.</span></span></p>
<p style="break-before: auto; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.44in; page-break-before: auto;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
In Germany, at Strasburg, there was once a pretty case. A wife
murdered her husband by piercing him to the heart with an awl.
Afterwards she buried the man under the thresh old, she and her
paramour. This deed remained hid full nine years, till at last it
chanced that some actors came that way, and played a tragedy of like
import; the woman who was likewise present at the play with her
husband, began to cry aloud (her conscience being touched) alas!
alas! you hit at me for in such manner did I murder my innocent
husband. She tore her hair, ran straight way to the judge, freely
confessed the murder which being proved true, in deep repentance for
her sins she received the holy unction from the priest, gave her body
to the executioner, and recommended her soul to God.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="#sdfootnote6sym" name="sdfootnote6anc"><sup>6</sup></a></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">The
specifics of Heywood's story of a play in Lynn have skipped past the
English language <i>Hamlets</i> to the 1589 version of <i>Hamlet,</i>
been transferred to Strasbourg, and expanded a bit, the translator
knowing what will capture his audience.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">And
this is only where the maddening-ness begins....</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<div id="sdfootnote1">
<p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="#sdfootnote1anc" name="sdfootnote1sym">1</a>Purdy,
Gilbert Wesley. <span><span><i>Shakespeare
in 1573: Apprenticeship and Scandal</i></span></span><span><span>
(2021). <a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B096GSQV14">https://www.amazon.com/dp/B096GSQV14</a>
</span></span>
</span></p>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote2">
<p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="#sdfootnote2anc" name="sdfootnote2sym">2</a>Hopkinson,
A. F. <i>A Warning for Fair Women</i> (1904). IV.ii.120-30.</span></p>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote3">
<p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="#sdfootnote3anc" name="sdfootnote3sym">3</a>Heywood,
Thomas. <i>An Apology for Actors</i> (1612). No page numbers. G1.</span></p>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote4">
<p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="#sdfootnote4anc" name="sdfootnote4sym">4</a><span><span><i>Hamlet</i></span></span><span><span>,
II.ii.564-70</span></span></span></p>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote5">
<p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="#sdfootnote5anc" name="sdfootnote5sym">5</a>Purdy,
Gilbert Wesley. <i>Back When Ophelia Jumped Off a Cliff: the Hamlet
of 1589</i> (2022).
<a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B09WC94FGW">https://www.amazon.com/dp/B09WC94FGW</a>
</span></p>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote6">
<p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="#sdfootnote6anc" name="sdfootnote6sym">6</a>Cohn,
Albert. <i>Shakespeare in Germany</i> (1865). 267, 268. <span>“In
Teutschland hat sich zu Strassburg ein artiger Casus</span></span></p>
</div><p><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">zugetragen...”</span></p><p><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br /></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B08LLDM91P"><span style="font-size: large;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1712" height="448" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzWW5E_En45tcltm2y7EQPyOwQ36yYx1IrgjHfpJMWIAnU73kUHwSEKcc9CQtN8CvY0oQrZwwKPc8UuDkxLW6KFyLqxXse3CwEade-CNJ1yNVzeGlD0oGD4Lwe8Z40kLatWmXo/w640-h448/Parolles.+Cover+1+Framed+50%2525+ad.jpg" width="640" /></span></a></div><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><div style="mso-element: footnote-list;"><div id="ftn2" style="mso-element: footnote;"><div class="MsoFootnoteText"><h4><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: HE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Also at Virtual Grub Street:</span></h4></div></div></div><p><span style="color: black; font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style="color: black; font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></span></p><p></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"></p><p></p><ul style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;"><li><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #202124; font-family: inherit;"><b><a href="https://vgs-pbr-reviews.blogspot.com/2023/08/rocco-bonettis-blackfriars-fencing.html">Rocco Bonetti's Blackfriars Fencing School and Lord Hunsdon's Water Pipe.</a> August 12, 2023. “... the tenement late in the tenure of John Lyllie gentleman & nowe in the tenure of the said Rocho Bonetti...”</b></span></span></li><li><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><p><b><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2023/08/on-shakespeares-lameness-and-historical_5.html">On Shakespeare's lameness and historical-fiction biography, etc.</a> August 5, 2023. <b><span style="font-size: large;">“</span></b>Those who support Sogliardo of Stratford and other authorship candidates generally stop by from time to time to remark...</b><b>”</b></p></span></li><li><b style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: large;"><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2023/04/shakespeare-csi-sir-thomas-more-hand-d.html">Shakespeare CSI: Sir Thomas More, Hand-D.</a> April 22, 2023. “What a glory to have an actual hand-written manuscript from the greatest English writer of all time!”</span></b></li><li><span style="line-height: 18.4px;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><b><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2022/08/robert-greene-and-construction.html">Robert Greene and the Construction Shakespeare Never Used.</a></b><b> August 9, 2022. 'Our first foray “staring intently into” the texts of Robert Greene has noted that his work utilized far fewer feminine endings than Shakespeare’s.'</b></span></span></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><b><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2020/08/a-1572-oxford-letter-and-players-speech.html">A 1572 Oxford Letter and the Player’s Speech in Hamlet.</a> August 11, 2020. “The player’s speech has been a source of consternation among Shakespeare scholars for above 200 years. Why was Aeneas’ tale chosen as the subject?”</span></b></p></li><li><b><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span>Check out the <a href="https://gwponlinebibliography.blogspot.com/p/shakespeare-authorship-article-index.html">S</a></span><a href="https://gwponlinebibliography.blogspot.com/p/shakespeare-authorship-article-index.html">hakespeare Authorship Article Index</a><span> for many more articles and reviews about this fascinating time and about the Shakespeare Authorship Question.</span></span></b></li><li style="margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span><span><b>Check out the </b></span></span><span style="color: #0000ee;"><span><b><u><a href="https://gwponlinebibliography.blogspot.com/2020/12/english-renaissance-letters-index.html">Letters Index: Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford</a></u></b></span></span><span><span><b> for many letters from this fascinating time, some related to the Shakespeare Authorship Question.</b></span></span></span></li></ul><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B077LVLXY2/" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1015" data-original-width="1499" height="432" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh2NRwMzgfT-RfMm62wNJUu1wMteQ61N-2FBxGk-UsrnTXW5Ess1sln8ghIlFzhyyhjwSXv84gu1J-8nYTTmCxGfjaaPhGPye49INSfkhVQd6iaKXptMAmMIC80QpdCIdoVz0qj/w640-h432/Falstaff+cover+ad+1.jpg" width="640" /></a></span></p><p style="break-before: page; line-height: 16px; margin-bottom: 0in; page-break-before: always;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"></span></span></p><p style="break-before: auto; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-right: 0.42in; page-break-before: auto;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-right: 0.01in;"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-size: large;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Gilbert-Wesley-Purdy/e/B00H5A7SLC/" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="703" data-original-width="1600" height="280" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiBznpkxJG5fQbluqZSP4HXUqlJiYEegqgVppIuc8McfB7KT0s4UmI7eN3h5pieypTBxgp4lIbxTZMW2kwrWroitLPhYMeDUmrdT9CI7AzA7xLFET5O7f-uzSSYZtcblUjyeXCP/s640/Book+Page+ad+2.jpg" width="640" /></a></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"> </span></p>Gilbert Wesley Purdyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02612678869556343487noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10644518.post-61912059978219661442024-01-21T18:51:00.021-05:002024-01-22T07:27:15.814-05:00Who Shakespeare wasn't but is. Or is that was but isn't?<p><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEguovfYslD7w8QldA53Ak_NAFiodIdVgA3UAq5SLDP68g9tPIfSYd5ITiGkIet9hBstbvFVXlLmCqf8eqZNcqJJOpyQjnUaa091H2tZw2rkUvGK5wl0JdecVrtGSqLjGunq8eOlLfL2kpY8hyb270_JEadLXzI2IVoqYZYnPZ78g0LYyIILLE_4/s1920/Irrefutable%20Scholarship.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1080" data-original-width="1920" height="180" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEguovfYslD7w8QldA53Ak_NAFiodIdVgA3UAq5SLDP68g9tPIfSYd5ITiGkIet9hBstbvFVXlLmCqf8eqZNcqJJOpyQjnUaa091H2tZw2rkUvGK5wl0JdecVrtGSqLjGunq8eOlLfL2kpY8hyb270_JEadLXzI2IVoqYZYnPZ78g0LYyIILLE_4/s320/Irrefutable%20Scholarship.jpg" width="320" /></a></span></div><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Traditional Shakespeare scholars often found themselves in one particular quandary. At first, many had freely assigned the Stratford man personality traits
based upon his plays and sonnets. They signed onto a rumor that he taught in a country school. Perhaps it was after that, they averred, that he must have
worked in a legal office in order to pick up the knowledge of the law
apparent in the plays. All of the plants mentioned in his plays were
declared to have been particularly associated with Warwickshire where
he grew up. Any of his vocabulary that seemed
unique was again declared to have been taken from local Warwickshire
dialect. In one of many comical shifts to find some connection
between the purported Stratford author and the plays it was asserted
that mention of gloves in the plays indicated that he was the son of
a glover as John Shakespeare sometimes was employed.</span><p></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">It took almost 100 years — from the
Shakespeare Jubilee that super-charged the field — for a third rate
scholar to decide that the only possible explanation for the sonnets was
that they were written to the Earl of Southampton. Shakespeare had
dedicated his two major poems to the earl, after all. The title page
of the 1609 quarto edition of the sonnets featured the mysterious
initials <i>W.H.</i> (Southampton's given name — Henry Wriothesley —
featured the same reversed.) This to protect his privacy.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">It had already long been a sensitive
topic that the tone of the sonnets was affectionate, even intimate,
in spite of the fact that they appeared to be written to another
male. Soon the reversed initials came to confirm a homosexual
relationship between the two. This could not possibly be allowed to
stand for which reason one after another scholar declared that the
sonnets were not autobiographical. It was ridiculous to think they
were.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="#sdfootnote1sym" name="sdfootnote1anc"><sup>1</sup></a></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/1543136257/" style="clear: left; float: left; font-size: medium; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="872" data-original-width="1380" height="405" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg14Nuro9Y4OeO1CSjTL9VoSGrCf9plBaVYE_Tbs5oDG-4dA_Ao-HYYZdS1-ydAv7IS1x6omyigIDEMvWzuL8YS0xVvgif2B0n9G1xSyg3Dz2opKGg4_GIzU3VRyMmWMzhkEcFv/w640-h405/Folio+Cover+Ad+3.jpg" width="640" /></a><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">This, in turn, resulted in one of the
great on-going squabbles around Shakespeare scholarship. Nothing in
the works seemed to fit anything known about the Stratford man. A
pattern soon formed and has persisted to this day: what a scholar
didn't want to be true of Shakespeare he or she declared to be clear
fiction. What he or she wanted to be true, on the other hand, was
equally clearly autobiographical.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">The public, however, wanted to know
more about this famous man. They wanted it so much that they were
willing to pay meaningful money to satisfy their desire. Like all
fiction novels, they were eager to buy historical-fiction Shakespeare
biographies by the pound. Thus began the scholarly tradition of
putting aside professional rigor in order to cash in on the lucrative Shakespeare historical-fiction genre.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">If the First Folio had identified the
son of a cobbler from Cheshire as the author of the works the novel
would have been for all intents and purposes the same. The names of
the children would have been different. A beloved son named <i>Athel</i> who
died young would have provided the name for the character <i>Othello</i>.
An unmistakable reference to the cobbler's wife's best friend's 5<sup>th</sup>
cousin once removed would have been discovered in <i>As You Like It</i>.
The Sly family name would be discovered to have been common in a
nearby town where local tradition verified that an ale house was tended by a Marian Hacket (or
<i>Hiccough</i>, close enough). An unmistakable pattern of reference to
shoes would have been detected rather than gloves.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">It is not hard to imagine how
convenient all of this would prove to be once someone with the
biography that fit the works showed up one day and the whole sweet
gig threatened to become very problematical. The cry would go up.
“For hundreds of years the scholarly community has verified again
and again that the Stratford man was the author!”</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B08LLDM91P" style="clear: left; float: left; font-size: medium; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1712" height="448" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzWW5E_En45tcltm2y7EQPyOwQ36yYx1IrgjHfpJMWIAnU73kUHwSEKcc9CQtN8CvY0oQrZwwKPc8UuDkxLW6KFyLqxXse3CwEade-CNJ1yNVzeGlD0oGD4Lwe8Z40kLatWmXo/w640-h448/Parolles.+Cover+1+Framed+50%2525+ad.jpg" width="640" /></a><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Yet another pseudo-scholarly genre would surely
spring up to declare that centuries of scholarship have proven that
autobiographical content simply doesn't exist in the works. A
regular-guy-Shakespeare-Ph.D. could expand the historical-fiction
genre and bask in the the wine and cheese and book-signing circuits.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="#sdfootnote2sym" name="sdfootnote2anc"><sup>2</sup></a>
“The evidence strongly suggests,” he could write,</span></p>
<p style="break-before: auto; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.51in; margin-right: 0.43in; page-break-before: auto;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
that imaginative literature in general and plays in particular in
Shakespeare's day were rarely if ever a vehicle for self-revelation.
Those who believe that Elizabethan plays were autobiographical ought
to be able to show that contemporaries were on the lookout for
confessional allusions, as we know some were for topical ones. Yet
not a single such contemporary observation survives for any play in
the period, including Shakespeare's;...<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="#sdfootnote3sym" name="sdfootnote3anc"><sup>3</sup></a></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">This a main theme of a whole book he could write
entitled, <i>Contested Will: Who Wrote Shakespeare?</i> Add a tour of
the podcast circuit and he could spread the good word.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.51in; margin-right: 0.43in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
There are certain assumptions about the relationship between a writer
and his work. And these tended [sic] to be autobiographical
assumptions. We live in an age of memoir in which we assume everybody
whether a fiction writer or a non-fiction writer is telling his or
her own story in the works and to a large extent that's true of 20th
century and much 21st century literature. But that wasn't true of
Shakespeare's day.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="#sdfootnote4sym" name="sdfootnote4anc"><sup>4</sup></a></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Those who cherished the
unreformed worship of the traditional Shakespeare would reward this
as they had (and continue to do) the Shakespeare historical-fiction
novel.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Also like the historical-fiction
audience, they would be entirely oblivious whether or not Tudor writers
actually indulged regularly in considerable amounts of autobiography. The word of the preacher would be the <i>final</i> word. </span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">It would simply cease to be true that Robert Greene's <i>Groatsworth of Wit</i> is expressly a work of
creative autobiography. That Thomas Nashe's <i>Lenten Stuff</i> begins
with several pages of autobiography and scatters more throughout. That his
<i>Pierce Penniless</i> is entirely autobiographical. Gabriel Harvey was
much “on the lookout” for these authors' autobiographical references as
they, in turn, were “on the lookout” for his. Harvey even
published a number of his own letters. These works and authors only
head a long list.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Virtually every sonnet sequence from
the time is and <i>was</i> thought to be autobiographical. Ben Jonson
was quite clear that he portrayed himself as Horace in one of his
plays and almost as clear that he was the character Asper in another.
He and the other London playwrights were clear that they were
actively “on the lookout” for autobiographical and biographical
references in each other's plays. They, in turn, wrote plays in reply
filled with autobiography and biography.</span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B09WC94FGW/" style="font-size: medium; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1154" data-original-width="1905" height="389" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjIJbNwa_JRRkScLOLNNISJ0lWCOXXY2XdD3jUoUfM0GrdsA8uQ67CcDjrrUEQ3PjTegxCcTlDxZsk8mZ7O1m26n2u4MUqXSmpdchHjeWoOn_mnBGm2KVVERANDTHHHFSce96PaHcn7QarXknmpM0w-qH3FIB7Otap7yX6yPsGICygfdaF24Q/w640-h389/Ophelia%20Ford%20Maddox%20Brown%20-%20Book%20Cover300%20-ad.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">If more popular playwrights had been
higher up in the social structure, or had been studied with the same
exhaustive persistence we collectively study Shakespeare, we would be aware that their
works include regular references to their lives. Regular
observations taken from their immediate life experiences. If there were serious
mismatches between life and work (as there are in some instances) we
would be left with questions. How could anything else be possible?</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Thanks to our
regular-guy-Shakespeare-Ph.D.s, readers on the Authorship Question
could be taught by experts in the field that these authors and
these works just didn't exist. Thanks to centuries of irrefutable
Shakespeare scholarship readers could be taught that they never did
— or, more precisely, that they <i>did</i> if it should serve the purpose at hand,
<i>didn't if not</i>.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><br /></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<div id="sdfootnote1">
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="#sdfootnote1anc" name="sdfootnote1sym">1</a><span>
Of course, now it is anti-LBGT to think they <i>weren't</i>. Shakespeare
was out and proud.</span></span></p>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote2">
<p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="#sdfootnote2anc" name="sdfootnote2sym">2</a>Not
that the wine ever comes to much.</span></p>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote3">
<p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="#sdfootnote3anc" name="sdfootnote3sym">3</a>Shapiro,
James. <i>Contested Will: Who Wrote Shakespeare?</i><span style="font-style: normal;">(2010).
268-9.</span></span></p>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote4">
<p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="#sdfootnote4anc" name="sdfootnote4sym">4</a>Blackwell
Podcasts. April 16, 2010. James Shapiro - Contested Will - Part 1 of
2. 1:30<i>ff</i>. <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kB4_vR9C2YU">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kB4_vR9C2YU</a></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br /></span></p><div style="mso-element: footnote-list;"><div id="ftn2" style="mso-element: footnote;"><div class="MsoFootnoteText"><h4><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: HE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Also at Virtual Grub Street:</span></h4></div></div></div><p><span style="color: black; font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style="color: black; font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></span></p><p></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"></p><p></p><ul style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;"><li><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #202124; font-family: inherit;"><b><a href="https://vgs-pbr-reviews.blogspot.com/2023/08/rocco-bonettis-blackfriars-fencing.html">Rocco Bonetti's Blackfriars Fencing School and Lord Hunsdon's Water Pipe.</a> August 12, 2023. “... the tenement late in the tenure of John Lyllie gentleman & nowe in the tenure of the said Rocho Bonetti...”</b></span></span></li><li><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><p><b><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2023/08/on-shakespeares-lameness-and-historical_5.html">On Shakespeare's lameness and historical-fiction biography, etc.</a> August 5, 2023. <b><span style="font-size: large;">“</span></b>Those who support Sogliardo of Stratford and other authorship candidates generally stop by from time to time to remark...</b><b>”</b></p></span></li><li><b><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2023/04/shakespeare-csi-sir-thomas-more-hand-d.html">Shakespeare CSI: Sir Thomas More, Hand-D.</a> April 22, 2023. “What a glory to have an actual hand-written manuscript from the greatest English writer of all time!”</span></b></li><li><span style="line-height: 18.4px;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><b><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2022/08/robert-greene-and-construction.html">Robert Greene and the Construction Shakespeare Never Used.</a></b><b> August 9, 2022. 'Our first foray “staring intently into” the texts of Robert Greene has noted that his work utilized far fewer feminine endings than Shakespeare’s.'</b></span></span></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><b><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2020/08/a-1572-oxford-letter-and-players-speech.html">A 1572 Oxford Letter and the Player’s Speech in Hamlet.</a> August 11, 2020. “The player’s speech has been a source of consternation among Shakespeare scholars for above 200 years. Why was Aeneas’ tale chosen as the subject?”</span></b></p></li><li><b><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span>Check out the <a href="https://gwponlinebibliography.blogspot.com/p/shakespeare-authorship-article-index.html">S</a></span><a href="https://gwponlinebibliography.blogspot.com/p/shakespeare-authorship-article-index.html">hakespeare Authorship Article Index</a><span> for many more articles and reviews about this fascinating time and about the Shakespeare Authorship Question.</span></span></b></li><li style="margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span><span><b>Check out the </b></span></span><span style="color: #0000ee;"><span><b><u><a href="https://gwponlinebibliography.blogspot.com/2020/12/english-renaissance-letters-index.html">Letters Index: Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford</a></u></b></span></span><span><span><b> for many letters from this fascinating time, some related to the Shakespeare Authorship Question.</b></span></span></span></li></ul><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B096PGF7LM" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><img border="0" data-original-height="623" data-original-width="1500" height="285" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrCl1332a8HzXx1hHggpPtFHoVnvIUpdQ3Z-lSQL6WduTq1AVq1V_12_Kc3rvRk7tbctTBKj8KJiHQuAgL6p97xRwQDbdpgdYo1OsL_ORxsmaH_K2upDl1Bg3drq6cUErR_sQn/w640-h285/Shakespeare+without+Ciphers+Series+1a.jpg" width="640" /></span></a></div><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"></p><p style="break-before: page; line-height: 16px; margin-bottom: 0in; page-break-before: always;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"></span></span></p><p style="break-before: auto; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-right: 0.42in; page-break-before: auto;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-right: 0.01in;"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Gilbert-Wesley-Purdy/e/B00H5A7SLC/" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="703" data-original-width="1600" height="280" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiBznpkxJG5fQbluqZSP4HXUqlJiYEegqgVppIuc8McfB7KT0s4UmI7eN3h5pieypTBxgp4lIbxTZMW2kwrWroitLPhYMeDUmrdT9CI7AzA7xLFET5O7f-uzSSYZtcblUjyeXCP/s640/Book+Page+ad+2.jpg" width="640" /></a></span></span></p><div><span><br /></span></div>
</div>Gilbert Wesley Purdyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02612678869556343487noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10644518.post-69696763124021344962024-01-13T08:13:00.008-05:002024-01-14T20:12:01.351-05:00The Sonnets of Shakespeare: Sonnet 42. Edward de Vere writes a sonnet to Shakespeare. <p><b></b></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><b><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjmOQXsZIRAOc_ldZWi3enENQNVf1bZuY83dvSJI0pNcM3iq7Vsqi5vD6q6HfjDcpiNKO5GU9tlH2MhlJsSKwUyN06LcdbUYBcG9Zzf5iOtVv8d-INvJJoR-KjDDbHWZh5xlPiZZK-huFuznnjxxHddasURnc9ux3wAylXCUXSH8NgonULnBUt0/s886/Sonnet%2042.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-size: large;"><img border="0" data-original-height="476" data-original-width="886" height="344" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjmOQXsZIRAOc_ldZWi3enENQNVf1bZuY83dvSJI0pNcM3iq7Vsqi5vD6q6HfjDcpiNKO5GU9tlH2MhlJsSKwUyN06LcdbUYBcG9Zzf5iOtVv8d-INvJJoR-KjDDbHWZh5xlPiZZK-huFuznnjxxHddasURnc9ux3wAylXCUXSH8NgonULnBUt0/w640-h344/Sonnet%2042.jpg" width="640" /></span></a></b></div><b><span style="font-size: large;"><br /><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></span></b><p></p><p><b><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Sonnet 42.</span></b></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br /></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">THat thou hast her it is
not all my griefe,</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; text-decoration: none;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">And
yet it may be said I lov’d her deerely,
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; text-decoration: none;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">That
she hath thee is of my wayling cheefe, <span> </span><span> </span><span> </span> <span> </span><span> </span> 3
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; text-decoration: none;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">A
losse in love that touches me more neerely.
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; text-decoration: none;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Loving
offendors thus I will excuse yee,
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; text-decoration: none;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Thou
doost love her, because thou knowst I love her, <span> </span><span> </span>6
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; text-decoration: none;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">And
for my sake even so doth she abuse me,
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; text-decoration: none;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Suffring
my friend for my sake to approove her,
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; text-decoration: none;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">If
I loose thee, my losse is my loves gaine, <span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span> <span> </span><span> </span> 9
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; text-decoration: none;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">And
loosing her, my friend hath found that Iosse,
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; text-decoration: none;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Both
finde each other, and I loose both twaine,
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; text-decoration: none;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">And
both for my sake lay on me this crosse, <span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> <span> </span><span> </span></span>12
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; text-decoration: none;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">But
here’s the joy, my friend and I are one,
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span style="text-decoration: none;">Sweete
flattery, then she loves but me alone. </span>
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">This sonnet is one of the least
analyzed of the sonnets. Commentators tend to show confusion or even
offense to think that Shakespeare would step aside and give his lover
to another man. The following from Hyder Rollins's <i>New Variorum
Edition of Shakespeare: The Sonnets </i>(1944)<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="#sdfootnote1sym" name="sdfootnote1anc"><sup>1</sup></a>
serves here as exemplary.</span></p>
<p style="break-before: auto; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.43in; page-break-before: auto;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
Anon. (Fraser's Magazine, 1855, LII, 409): This sonnet must be
accepted as the expression of a friendship existing in the
imagination alone, and thus carried to excess as a species of <i>jeu
d'esprit</i>. Even though a man were really guilty of the base
pusillanimity of such sentiments, he could hardly have been so
destitute of the sense of shame as to proclaim them to the world. —
Gregor (Shakespeare, 1935, p. 544) tells us that such superhuman
forgiveness as that in 42 must bring forth the deepest loneliness of
a spiritual art. This, he adds, is the much-sought-for key to the
poet’s psyche, but for me the key opens no secret doors.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">There is simply no explanation that
serves the Stratford myth. Other attempts (however few) tend to
stretch the idea of metaphor beyond the point that it will bear.</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/1543136257/" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"><img border="0" data-original-height="872" data-original-width="1380" height="405" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg14Nuro9Y4OeO1CSjTL9VoSGrCf9plBaVYE_Tbs5oDG-4dA_Ao-HYYZdS1-ydAv7IS1x6omyigIDEMvWzuL8YS0xVvgif2B0n9G1xSyg3Dz2opKGg4_GIzU3VRyMmWMzhkEcFv/w640-h405/Folio+Cover+Ad+3.jpg" width="640" /></span></a><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Rendall] His dearest friend has been
captured by the solicitations of the writer’s own mistress; she
holds him in her toils with fascinations, which he himself had found
irresistible;...<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="#sdfootnote2sym" name="sdfootnote2anc"><sup>2</sup></a></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">To these I add my own comments from
<a href="https://www.amazon.com/Edward-Vere-was-Shake-speare-proof/dp/1543136257/"><i>Edward de Vere was Shakespeare: at long last the proof</i> </a>(2013)<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="#sdfootnote3sym" name="sdfootnote3anc"><sup>3</sup></a>
followed by a modern prose redaction of the sonnet.</span></p>
<p align="JUSTIFY" style="break-before: auto; margin-bottom: 0.17in; margin-left: 0.51in; margin-right: 0.43in; page-break-before: auto;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><b>205.</b>
Either in late 1591 or early 1592, Edward De Vere will marry
Elizabeth Trentham. Trentham was a lady-in-waiting to the Queen,
though she came from slightly lower on the social scale than most who
were selected for the honor. She was widely reputed to be a great
beauty. She most certainly was a strong woman who managed Edward’s
and the Trentham properties with thrift and expertise, quite capable
of delivering either a verbal or a physical buffet should the need
arise. It was probably Elizabeth’s choice to move a bit further
from the dust and noise of central London, soon after the wedding, to
a rental in trendy Stoke Newington some five miles north of Oxford
Place in the suburbs.</span></p>
<p align="JUSTIFY" style="margin-bottom: 0.17in; margin-left: 0.51in; margin-right: 0.43in;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><b>206.</b>
It is quite probable that he wrote the sonnet regarding a lover
stolen from him by his friend around this time. As the sonnet points
out, all’s well in the end for the friend and he are one. The
friend who has stolen his lover from him is William Shake-speare,
whose plays she has told Edward she loves.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B08LLDM91P" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1712" height="448" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzWW5E_En45tcltm2y7EQPyOwQ36yYx1IrgjHfpJMWIAnU73kUHwSEKcc9CQtN8CvY0oQrZwwKPc8UuDkxLW6KFyLqxXse3CwEade-CNJ1yNVzeGlD0oGD4Lwe8Z40kLatWmXo/w640-h448/Parolles.+Cover+1+Framed+50%2525+ad.jpg" width="640" /></span></a><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br /></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><b><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Edward de Vere writes a sonnet to
Shakespeare who his lover, Elizabeth Trentham, has said she loves.</span></b></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%;">
<colgroup><col width="17*"></col>
<col width="239*"></col>
</colgroup><tbody><tr valign="TOP">
<td sdnum="1033;" sdval="1" width="6%">
<p align="CENTER"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">1</span></p>
</td>
<td width="94%">
<p><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">That you have her is not entirely a matter of grief to me,</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td sdnum="1033;" sdval="2" width="6%">
<p align="CENTER"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">2</span></p>
</td>
<td width="94%">
<p><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">And yet it may be said I loved her dearly,</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td sdnum="1033;" sdval="3" width="6%">
<p align="CENTER"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">3</span></p>
</td>
<td width="94%">
<p><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">That she has <i>your </i><span style="font-style: normal;">heart</span>
is actually the main reason for this sonnet,</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td sdnum="1033;" sdval="4" width="6%">
<p align="CENTER"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">4</span></p>
</td>
<td width="94%">
<p><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">A loss in love that touches <i>me</i> more nearly.</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td sdnum="1033;" sdval="5" width="6%">
<p align="CENTER"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">5</span></p>
</td>
<td width="94%">
<p><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Therefore, you loving offenders, I do excuse you,</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td sdnum="1033;" sdval="6" width="6%">
<p align="CENTER"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">6</span></p>
</td>
<td width="94%">
<p><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">You love her because you know <i>I</i> love her,
</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td sdnum="1033;" sdval="7" width="6%">
<p align="CENTER"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">7</span></p>
</td>
<td width="94%">
<p><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">And it is even for my pleasure that she cheats on me,</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td sdnum="1033;" sdval="8" width="6%">
<p align="CENTER"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">8</span></p>
</td>
<td width="94%">
<p><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Requiring my friend to accept her love for my sake,</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td sdnum="1033;" sdval="9" width="6%">
<p align="CENTER"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">9</span></p>
</td>
<td width="94%">
<p><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">If I lose you, my loss is my love's gain,</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td sdnum="1033;" sdval="10" width="6%">
<p align="CENTER"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">10</span></p>
</td>
<td width="94%">
<p><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">And losing her, my friend has found what I have lost,</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td sdnum="1033;" sdval="11" width="6%">
<p align="CENTER"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">11</span></p>
</td>
<td width="94%">
<p><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">We both find her together, and both lose her together,</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td sdnum="1033;" sdval="12" width="6%">
<p align="CENTER"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">12</span></p>
</td>
<td width="94%">
<p><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">And both for my sake lay on me this cross,</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td sdnum="1033;" sdval="12" width="6%">
<p align="CENTER"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">12</span></p>
</td>
<td width="94%">
<p><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">For here's the joy, my friend and I are the same person,</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td sdnum="1033;" sdval="14" width="6%">
<p align="CENTER"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">14</span></p>
</td>
<td width="94%">
<p><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Sweet flattery, and she loves but me alone.</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">It does bear mentioning that the
evidence does not point to Edward de Vere </span><i style="font-family: inherit;">per se</i><span style="font-family: inherit;"> as the
sonneteer, but rather to an unnamed writer behind the created persona
Shakespeare. The title of the sonnet without considering other
evidence of authorship would properly be something along the lines
of: “X</span><b style="font-family: inherit;"> </b><span style="font-family: inherit;">writes a sonnet to
his secret alter-ego Shakespeare who his lover, Y, has said she
loves</span><b style="font-family: inherit;">.”</b><span style="font-family: inherit;"> I supply the names, above, of each party,
based upon the vast and growing evidence, in general, pointing at
Vere as the author of the plays of Shakespeare.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p align="JUSTIFY" style="margin-bottom: 0.17in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br /></span></p><p align="JUSTIFY" style="margin-bottom: 0.17in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br /></span></p>
<div id="sdfootnote1">
<p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="#sdfootnote1anc" name="sdfootnote1sym">1</a> Rollins,
Hyder Edward. <i>New Variorum Edition of Shakespeare: The Sonnets
</i>(1944). 119.</span></p>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote2">
<p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="#sdfootnote2anc" name="sdfootnote2sym">2</a> Rendall,
Gerald H. <i>Personal Clues in Shakespeare Poems & Sonnets</i>
(1934). 106.</span></p>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote3">
<p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="#sdfootnote3anc" name="sdfootnote3sym">3</a> Purdy,
Gilbert Wesley. <i>Edward de Vere was Shakespeare: at long last the proof</i> (2013). 205-06. </span><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Edward-Vere-was-Shake-speare-proof/dp/1543136257/" style="font-family: inherit; font-size: x-large;">https://www.amazon.com/Edward-Vere-was-Shake-speare-proof/dp/1543136257/ </a></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B096L2KPR4" style="background-color: white; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"><img border="0" data-original-height="351" data-original-width="871" height="210" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgELC6TGFWltwwg_mrsN-nFY1NJ9y9AZ8R0FCfMs_DizQ7GSZ3NNJQx3ou_P5Kb4IGLP1K3_vMCnK3a8EFqsqCbitDuVuPzJDDr-UqKRkHYh6Ao1eONEbckZ9eIz5s_D3mbtFf4/w640-h258/In-Progress+Ad.jpg" width="560" /></span></a></div><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><div style="mso-element: footnote-list;"><div id="ftn2" style="mso-element: footnote;"><div class="MsoFootnoteText"><h4><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: HE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Also at Virtual Grub Street:</span></h4></div></div></div><p><span style="color: black; font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style="color: black; font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></span></p><p></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"></p><p></p><ul style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;"><li><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #202124; font-family: inherit;"><b><a href="https://vgs-pbr-reviews.blogspot.com/2023/08/rocco-bonettis-blackfriars-fencing.html">Rocco Bonetti's Blackfriars Fencing School and Lord Hunsdon's Water Pipe.</a> August 12, 2023. “... the tenement late in the tenure of John Lyllie gentleman & nowe in the tenure of the said Rocho Bonetti...”</b></span></span></li><li><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><p><b><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2023/08/on-shakespeares-lameness-and-historical_5.html">On Shakespeare's lameness and historical-fiction biography, etc.</a> August 5, 2023. <b><span style="font-size: large;">“</span></b>Those who support Sogliardo of Stratford and other authorship candidates generally stop by from time to time to remark...</b><b>”</b></p></span></li><li><b><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2023/04/shakespeare-csi-sir-thomas-more-hand-d.html">Shakespeare CSI: Sir Thomas More, Hand-D.</a> April 22, 2023. “What a glory to have an actual hand-written manuscript from the greatest English writer of all time!”</span></b></li><li><span style="line-height: 18.4px;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><b><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2022/08/robert-greene-and-construction.html">Robert Greene and the Construction Shakespeare Never Used.</a></b><b> August 9, 2022. 'Our first foray “staring intently into” the texts of Robert Greene has noted that his work utilized far fewer feminine endings than Shakespeare’s.'</b></span></span></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><b><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2020/08/a-1572-oxford-letter-and-players-speech.html">A 1572 Oxford Letter and the Player’s Speech in Hamlet.</a> August 11, 2020. “The player’s speech has been a source of consternation among Shakespeare scholars for above 200 years. Why was Aeneas’ tale chosen as the subject?”</span></b></p></li><li><b><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span>Check out the <a href="https://gwponlinebibliography.blogspot.com/p/shakespeare-authorship-article-index.html">S</a></span><a href="https://gwponlinebibliography.blogspot.com/p/shakespeare-authorship-article-index.html">hakespeare Authorship Article Index</a><span> for many more articles and reviews about this fascinating time and about the Shakespeare Authorship Question.</span></span></b></li><li style="margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span><span><b>Check out the </b></span></span><span style="color: #0000ee;"><span><b><u><a href="https://gwponlinebibliography.blogspot.com/2020/12/english-renaissance-letters-index.html">Letters Index: Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford</a></u></b></span></span><span><span><b> for many letters from this fascinating time, some related to the Shakespeare Authorship Question.</b></span></span></span></li></ul><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B096PGF7LM" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><img border="0" data-original-height="623" data-original-width="1500" height="285" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrCl1332a8HzXx1hHggpPtFHoVnvIUpdQ3Z-lSQL6WduTq1AVq1V_12_Kc3rvRk7tbctTBKj8KJiHQuAgL6p97xRwQDbdpgdYo1OsL_ORxsmaH_K2upDl1Bg3drq6cUErR_sQn/w640-h285/Shakespeare+without+Ciphers+Series+1a.jpg" width="640" /></span></a></div><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"></p><p style="break-before: page; line-height: 16px; margin-bottom: 0in; page-break-before: always;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"></span></span></p><p style="break-before: auto; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-right: 0.42in; page-break-before: auto;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-right: 0.01in;"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Gilbert-Wesley-Purdy/e/B00H5A7SLC/" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="703" data-original-width="1600" height="280" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiBznpkxJG5fQbluqZSP4HXUqlJiYEegqgVppIuc8McfB7KT0s4UmI7eN3h5pieypTBxgp4lIbxTZMW2kwrWroitLPhYMeDUmrdT9CI7AzA7xLFET5O7f-uzSSYZtcblUjyeXCP/s640/Book+Page+ad+2.jpg" width="640" /></a></span></span></p><div><span><br /></span></div>
</div>Gilbert Wesley Purdyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02612678869556343487noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10644518.post-77756779105613183342024-01-01T11:00:00.007-05:002024-01-02T06:47:10.747-05:00The Works of Shakespeare as Family Album.<p><i><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></i></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhbkEKnkHVmb5Kes4LOtQ4jIl7BYjZmfOCtjEoxqX9sun0BZ63h851LkpuXU6Y4JmkGF2BFEuZzyw0r1wcDSFlqg80vde4mXRALBIVlqIfgB3INX-2Z-pti9oB5Xxki5CvIP75i6234Gu94zeWTYpVTyFYUJgi3lkluAsLvctU6ZEYWi5-zwcBC/s1920/Irrefutable%20Scholarship.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1080" data-original-width="1920" height="180" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhbkEKnkHVmb5Kes4LOtQ4jIl7BYjZmfOCtjEoxqX9sun0BZ63h851LkpuXU6Y4JmkGF2BFEuZzyw0r1wcDSFlqg80vde4mXRALBIVlqIfgB3INX-2Z-pti9oB5Xxki5CvIP75i6234Gu94zeWTYpVTyFYUJgi3lkluAsLvctU6ZEYWi5-zwcBC/s320/Irrefutable%20Scholarship.jpg" width="320" /></a></span></i></div><i><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Lacking any substantial evidence of
the personal life of Shakspere of Stratford traditional scholars
turned to folk tales and the texts of the works collected under the
pen name of William Shakespeare. Once the authorship, by a man so
lacking in education, of works displaying such a patrician
perspective began to be challenged these seemingly benign liberties
were converted into the vast bulk of the purported “irrefutable
evidence” in favor of the Stratford man.</span></i><p></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><i>We explore Fripp's </i><span>Master
Richard Quyny Bailiff of Stratford-upon-Avon and Friend of
William Shakespeare</span><i>, here. In particular, his “evidence”
of the children of the Stratford man in the works.</i></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">§ 24. Shakespeare and his Children ,
1590–5</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">EVIDENCE of Shakespeare's presence at
home in the years 1583-95 is the extraordinary prominence of Child Life in his early plays and
poems. There is nothing like it in contemporary drama or literature.
It is one of the distinguishing marks of early Shakespearean
authorship, hardly less persistent or striking than the familiarity
with the Bible, Ovid's <i>Metamorphoses</i>, and a Town Clerk's
office. Shakespeare's references to babes and twins, small boys and
girls , and their moods and ways and games, are so numerous and vivid
in his work of 1590-5 that we should naturally infer (if we did not
already know it) that he had children and twins of his own, and
conclude moreover that he was greatly taken with them. He speaks of a
gasping new-delivered mother' [<i>Richard II</i>, 11. ii. 65.], 'the
mother's teat and milk [<i>Titus Andronicus</i>, 11. iii. 144 f.] and
children sucking [<i>1 Henry VI</i>, 1. i. 49]; the midwife and nurse
(a long - tongued babbling gossip [<i>T. A.</i> IV . ii . 141 , 150],
probably the Nurse of <i>Romeo and Juliet</i> in 1596); two children
at one birth' [<i>2 Henry VI</i>, Iv. ii . 147.], a joyful 'mother of
two goodly sons' not meanly proud of two such boys' and 'more careful
for the latter-born' [<i>Errors</i>, 1. i. 51 , 59, 79.] (was Hamlet
born after Judith?); a child's bearing-cloth [<i>1 Henry VI</i>, 1.
iii . 42 .] for christening, and 'a baby's cap' [<i>Shrew</i>, Iv.
iii . 67.]; the 'piteous plainings of the pretty babes' [<i>Errors</i>,
1. i. 73.] (twins); the mother caressing her child on her bosom —</span></p>
<p style="break-before: auto; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.49in; margin-right: 0.43in; page-break-before: auto;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
in this hollow cradle take thy rest,</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.49in; margin-right: 0.43in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
My throbbing heart shall rock thee day and night; [<i>Venus and
Adonis</i>, 1185 f.]</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">a nurse's song of lullaby to bring her
babe 'asleep' [<i>Titus Andronicus</i>, 11. iii . 28 f.], a nurse's
song which pleased well her babe [<i>Venus and Adonis</i>, 974.]; a
tender nurse who kept chary her babe [<i>Sonnets</i>, 22.]; the 'mild
and gentle cradle-babe' [<i>2 Henry VI</i>, 1. ii . 392 .], the sweet
breath of a child asleep in the cradle [<i>Richard II</i>, 1. iii .
132 f.]; kisses on the lips of a 'sweet babe' [<i>3 Henry VI</i>, v.
vii . 29]; infants' prattle [<i>1 Henry VI</i>, III . i . 16.];...<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="#sdfootnote1sym" name="sdfootnote1anc"><sup>1</sup></a></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><i><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">It turns out that we may even have
learned that Judith was the eldest of the twins, popping out of her
mother's womb before Hamnet (which, of course, being a Strat scholar
Fripp dutifully spells H-a-m-l-e-t).<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B08LLDM91P" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1712" height="448" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzWW5E_En45tcltm2y7EQPyOwQ36yYx1IrgjHfpJMWIAnU73kUHwSEKcc9CQtN8CvY0oQrZwwKPc8UuDkxLW6KFyLqxXse3CwEade-CNJ1yNVzeGlD0oGD4Lwe8Z40kLatWmXo/w640-h448/Parolles.+Cover+1+Framed+50%2525+ad.jpg" width="640" /></a>
</span></span></i></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">These and other allusions are
suggestive of 1583 to 1587, when Shakespeare's daughter, Susanna,
grew to be four years old, and his twins, Judith and Hamlet, to be
two years old. The following are more appropriate to 1587-95, when
the Poet's visits were by necessity infrequent, and all too short and
memorable: a 'father' who finds (as Shakespeare did every time he
returned to Stratford) his children nursed to take a new acquaintance
of 'his mind' [<i>Sonnets</i>, 77.], and 'feeds on his children's
looks [<i>Richard II</i>, 11. i. 79 f.]; ('children toward' [<i>Shrew</i>,
v. ii . 182 .], children singing their rhymes [<i>Lucrece</i>, 524
f.], frightened at a scarecrow [<i>1 Henry VI</i>, 1. iv. 43 .],
'unruly', riding on their father's overladen back [<i>Richard II</i>,
III. iv. 30 f.]; a child stilled by a tragic tale [<i>Lucrece</i>,
813 f.]; a child pausing in his story to sob and weep [<i>Richard
III</i>, 1. ii . 160 ff.]; a child skipping [<i>Love's Labour 's
Lost</i>, v. ii . 771]; a little changeling boy, crowned with flowers
[<i>Midsummer Night's Dream</i>, 11. i . 23, 25 f.]; 'a pretty peat'
with her finger in her eye [<i>Shrew</i>, 1. i. 78 f.]; two little
girls working on one sampler, sitting on one cushion, warbling of one
song [<i>Midsummer Night's Dream</i>, III . ii . 202 ff.]; a
schoolgirl vixen [Ibid. 324.]; a 'young budding virgin, fair and
fresh and sweet' [<i>Shrew</i>, IV . v. 36.]; a father who lives
again in his child's life [<i>Sonnets</i>, 17.]...</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><i><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Shakespeare's plays, we learn, are a
virtual photo album of the Stratford grain-dealer's family. The list
runs 6 pages, all-in-all. The dates of the plays are suggested based
upon the Stratford man having a child around the age described in the
play.</span></i></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><i><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Should one think that Fripp is alone
in his method or conclusions, perish the thought. The “technique”
is a commonplace of Strat Shakespeare scholarship. The following is
quoted from the august scholar turned writer of historical fiction James Shapiro.</span></i></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B077LVLXY2/" style="clear: left; font-family: "times new roman"; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1015" data-original-width="1499" height="432" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh2NRwMzgfT-RfMm62wNJUu1wMteQ61N-2FBxGk-UsrnTXW5Ess1sln8ghIlFzhyyhjwSXv84gu1J-8nYTTmCxGfjaaPhGPye49INSfkhVQd6iaKXptMAmMIC80QpdCIdoVz0qj/w640-h432/Falstaff+cover+ad+1.jpg" width="640" /></span></a></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Throughout 1599, Shakespeare also seems
to have gone out of his way to showcase a pair of leading boys actors
in his company (whose names are unfortunately unknown). One of them
seems to have specialized in playing romantic leads, the other both
younger and older women. Consider the extraordinary pairs of roles
Shakespeare wrote for them in a little over a year, beginning with
Beatrice and Hero in </span><i style="font-family: inherit;">Much Ado</i><span style="font-family: inherit;"> and Catherine of France and
Alice in </span><i style="font-family: inherit;">Henry the Fifth</i><span style="font-family: inherit;">. In </span><i style="font-family: inherit;">Julius Caesar</i><span style="font-family: inherit;"> Shakespeare
created for them another pair of sterling roles, Portia and
Calpurnia.</span><a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="#sdfootnote2sym" name="sdfootnote2anc" style="font-family: inherit;"><sup>2</sup></a><span style="font-family: inherit;">
113</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><i><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Shapiro senses boy actors by which
he supports traditional dates for three Shakespeare plays to meet his
needs. Nameless though they be, they can only have been the same
boys, only in 1599, and the parts can only have been written for
them. Presumably, his formal training in Shakespeare scholarship
gives him the ability to detect such things: a kind of X-ray vision.</span></i></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><i>But, if an Oxfordian points out that
those Procreation Sonnets Shakespeare wrote to the Earl of
Southampton were precisely to encourage him to marry Edward de Vere's
daughter it is foolish to think that the correlation is anything more
than a coincidence. Or that a tenant of Edward de Vere receives
mention in </i>Romeo and Juliet<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="#sdfootnote3sym" name="sdfootnote3anc"><sup>3</sup></a><i>.
Or that Parole's letter in </i>All's
Well that Ends Well<i> actually exists in an august English
archive and was sent to warn Anne Vavasour from Edward de Vere<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="#sdfootnote4sym" name="sdfootnote4anc"><sup>4</sup></a>.
Or that the quarto texts of </i>Henry
the Fifth<i> show that the original version of Shakespeare's
play was published circa 1589<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="#sdfootnote5sym" name="sdfootnote5anc"><sup>5</sup></a>.</i></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B096L2KPR4" style="background-color: white; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="351" data-original-width="871" height="210" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgELC6TGFWltwwg_mrsN-nFY1NJ9y9AZ8R0FCfMs_DizQ7GSZ3NNJQx3ou_P5Kb4IGLP1K3_vMCnK3a8EFqsqCbitDuVuPzJDDr-UqKRkHYh6Ao1eONEbckZ9eIz5s_D3mbtFf4/w640-h258/In-Progress+Ad.jpg" width="560" /></a>
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<div id="sdfootnote1">
<p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="#sdfootnote1anc" name="sdfootnote1sym">1</a> Fripp,
Edgar I. <i>Master Richard Quyny Bailiff of Stratford - upon –
Avon and Friend of William Shakespeare</i><span style="font-style: normal;">
(1924). 95-100.</span></span></p>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote2">
<p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="#sdfootnote2anc" name="sdfootnote2sym">2</a> Shapiro,
James. <i>A Year in the Life of William Shakespeare: 1599</i>
(2005). 113.</span></p>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote3">
<p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="#sdfootnote3anc" name="sdfootnote3sym">3</a> See
my <i>Capulet, Capulet and Paroles</i> (2020).
<a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B08LLDM91P">https://www.amazon.com/dp/B08LLDM91P</a>
</span></p>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote4">
<p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="#sdfootnote4anc" name="sdfootnote4sym">4</a> Ibid.</span></p>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote5">
<p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a name="productTitle"></a><a name="title"></a>
<a class="sdfootnotesym" href="#sdfootnote5anc" name="sdfootnote5sym">5</a> See
my <i>Edward de Vere's Retainer Thomas Churchyard: the Man Who Was
Falstaff</i> (2017). <a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B077LVLXY2/">https://www.amazon.com/dp/B077LVLXY2/</a>
</span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></p><div style="mso-element: footnote-list;"><div id="ftn2" style="mso-element: footnote;"><div class="MsoFootnoteText"><h4><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: HE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Also at Virtual Grub Street:</span></h4></div></div></div><p><span style="color: black; font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style="color: black; font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></span></p><p></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"></p><p></p><ul style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;"><li><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #202124; font-family: inherit;"><b><a href="https://vgs-pbr-reviews.blogspot.com/2023/08/rocco-bonettis-blackfriars-fencing.html">Rocco Bonetti's Blackfriars Fencing School and Lord Hunsdon's Water Pipe.</a> August 12, 2023. “... the tenement late in the tenure of John Lyllie gentleman & nowe in the tenure of the said Rocho Bonetti...”</b></span></span></li><li><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><p><b><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2023/08/on-shakespeares-lameness-and-historical_5.html">On Shakespeare's lameness and historical-fiction biography, etc.</a> August 5, 2023. <b><span style="font-size: large;">“</span></b>Those who support Sogliardo of Stratford and other authorship candidates generally stop by from time to time to remark...</b><b>”</b></p></span></li><li><b><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2023/04/shakespeare-csi-sir-thomas-more-hand-d.html">Shakespeare CSI: Sir Thomas More, Hand-D.</a> April 22, 2023. “What a glory to have an actual hand-written manuscript from the greatest English writer of all time!”</span></b></li><li><span style="line-height: 18.4px;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><b><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2022/08/robert-greene-and-construction.html">Robert Greene and the Construction Shakespeare Never Used.</a></b><b> August 9, 2022. 'Our first foray “staring intently into” the texts of Robert Greene has noted that his work utilized far fewer feminine endings than Shakespeare’s.'</b></span></span></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><b><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2020/08/a-1572-oxford-letter-and-players-speech.html">A 1572 Oxford Letter and the Player’s Speech in Hamlet.</a> August 11, 2020. “The player’s speech has been a source of consternation among Shakespeare scholars for above 200 years. Why was Aeneas’ tale chosen as the subject?”</span></b></p></li><li><b><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span>Check out the <a href="https://gwponlinebibliography.blogspot.com/p/shakespeare-authorship-article-index.html">S</a></span><a href="https://gwponlinebibliography.blogspot.com/p/shakespeare-authorship-article-index.html">hakespeare Authorship Article Index</a><span> for many more articles and reviews about this fascinating time and about the Shakespeare Authorship Question.</span></span></b></li><li style="margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span><span><b>Check out the </b></span></span><span style="color: #0000ee;"><span><b><u><a href="https://gwponlinebibliography.blogspot.com/2020/12/english-renaissance-letters-index.html">Letters Index: Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford</a></u></b></span></span><span><span><b> for many letters from this fascinating time, some related to the Shakespeare Authorship Question.</b></span></span></span></li></ul><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B096PGF7LM" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><img border="0" data-original-height="623" data-original-width="1500" height="285" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrCl1332a8HzXx1hHggpPtFHoVnvIUpdQ3Z-lSQL6WduTq1AVq1V_12_Kc3rvRk7tbctTBKj8KJiHQuAgL6p97xRwQDbdpgdYo1OsL_ORxsmaH_K2upDl1Bg3drq6cUErR_sQn/w640-h285/Shakespeare+without+Ciphers+Series+1a.jpg" width="640" /></span></a></div><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"></p><p style="break-before: page; line-height: 16px; margin-bottom: 0in; page-break-before: always;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"></span></span></p><p style="break-before: auto; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-right: 0.42in; page-break-before: auto;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-right: 0.01in;"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Gilbert-Wesley-Purdy/e/B00H5A7SLC/" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="703" data-original-width="1600" height="280" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiBznpkxJG5fQbluqZSP4HXUqlJiYEegqgVppIuc8McfB7KT0s4UmI7eN3h5pieypTBxgp4lIbxTZMW2kwrWroitLPhYMeDUmrdT9CI7AzA7xLFET5O7f-uzSSYZtcblUjyeXCP/s640/Book+Page+ad+2.jpg" width="640" /></a></span></span></p><div><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
<p class="sdfootnote"><br />
</p>
</div>Gilbert Wesley Purdyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02612678869556343487noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10644518.post-48582032821264410522023-12-15T11:36:00.005-05:002023-12-15T11:46:41.398-05:00Mr. Townsend's deposition about the events of the 28th of June, 1583.<p><i><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></i></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><i><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><i><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEipuKrvEfLXHnYL-2LROC591KvrR90KDc6oxPxsav9HiUWahmctkN6E29Q50QxKtOoM2-KWfLvr9hrd3ocvS6CGKueIVNewPtVMhtywzxsyM-TmfLisrv88LcSndek0qsV_5FEZpg5zcQ2NSVPE-Snyn1EVC0hIEDZEqzFv4sECuA8EMhSQyEIv/s554/Romeo%20and%20Juliet%20duel%20worked.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="258" data-original-width="554" height="149" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEipuKrvEfLXHnYL-2LROC591KvrR90KDc6oxPxsav9HiUWahmctkN6E29Q50QxKtOoM2-KWfLvr9hrd3ocvS6CGKueIVNewPtVMhtywzxsyM-TmfLisrv88LcSndek0qsV_5FEZpg5zcQ2NSVPE-Snyn1EVC0hIEDZEqzFv4sECuA8EMhSQyEIv/s320/Romeo%20and%20Juliet%20duel%20worked.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>Mr. Townsend's deposition about the
events of the 28<sup>th</sup> of June, 1583, gives us an interesting
picture of the life that various courtiers lived outside of court as
well as some allegations regarding the 17<sup>th</sup> Earl of
Oxford, Edward de Vere. Mistress Arrundell is said to have kept a
high-end ordinary which served as a club for the Howards and their
allies. Oxford and his men had already faced an attack by Thomas
Knevet and his in mid-March in which both the earl and Knevet were
injured and one of Knevet's men, called Long Tom, was killed. This
account relates to a third confrontation in which Knevet was accused
of homicide having killed a servant of Oxford.</span></i></span></i></div><p></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><i><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Oxford's wounds, received in March,
were said to be quite serious. But Townsend claims that he was
involved in this third confrontation, only three months later, in
which Knevet killed one of the earl's men. Townsend's companions on
the third occasion were cousins to both Knevet and Vere. But Vere had
severely fallen out with these men a year and a half before, for some
unknown reason. Townsend's very careful statements likely reflect an
intention to do the earl no benefit that he could possibly avoid.</span></i></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><i><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">It is worth remembering that Edward
de Vere held the lease on the Blackfriars theater and complex at this
time. Knevet's was the party that chose to go armed to that location
— indicating that it was he who went seeking the earl and the
subsequent confrontation.</span></i></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/1543136257/" style="font-size: medium; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="872" data-original-width="1380" height="405" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg14Nuro9Y4OeO1CSjTL9VoSGrCf9plBaVYE_Tbs5oDG-4dA_Ao-HYYZdS1-ydAv7IS1x6omyigIDEMvWzuL8YS0xVvgif2B0n9G1xSyg3Dz2opKGg4_GIzU3VRyMmWMzhkEcFv/w640-h405/Folio+Cover+Ad+3.jpg" width="640" /></a>
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: x-large;">THE DECLARATION OF MR. TOWNSEND.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">According to your Honors commandements
I have sett downe my knowledge & remembraunces of my speches
concerning cawses of my Lord of Oxforthes & Mr Knevets which is
as followith :</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Uppon the xviiith of June I was
intreated by one Jhones to dyne that daye at his howse, which house
before Mistress Arrundell did kepe her Table in, Theare to accompany
sondry noblemen & gentlemen that meant to further & gyve
credytt & cowntenaunce unto his newe erected Table.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">In the morning I went to my Lord of
Arrundell, and after I had dispatcht my busynes with hym, he asked me
wheare I dyned, I answered hym at the place above recyted. Then he
tolde me that hymself was thither bidden. Theruppon I sayd unto hym
that I wolde goe to Westminster Hall, & come backe ageyne, and
attende on hym to the place wheare he dyned, which I did. And at my
comying to Arrundell house there was no bodye with hym (to my
remembraunce) but his owne men; And being readye to goe forthe, my
Lord Thomas Howard & Mr Knevett came in, and understoode whither
my Lord went ; and did accompany hym to the place wheare we dyned,
wheare we mett my Lord of Ormonde, & other noblemen &
gentlemen.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Presentlye after dynner one of my men
came unto me, & tolde me that he heard some speech that my Lord
of Oxforthes company meant to sett uppon Mr Knevet in the company of
whome soever theyre meet hym, or in the company of my Lord of
Arrundell & my Lord Thomas. Thus in effect, but the veary direct
woordes I cannot perfectly remember. I asked my man wheare he heard
yt, & what proofe he had of yt. He answeared me, He heard yt at
my Lord Willoughbies house wheare my Lord of Oxforth & my Lord
Willoughbie weare. And that some of the company had borrowed a sworde
or swordes of my men & a buckler. I thincking yt was but some
rashe suspicon or speech of some yll disposed person, willed him to
repaire thither ageyne to bring me certen knowledge thereof. And so
accordinglye he retorned to my Lord Wylloughbies house, and there
stayed some while, and inquired further of the matter. In the meanetyme
being desyrous to prevent the woorst, willed my man not to speake to
any bodye of yt. And I maide choyse of my Lord of Ormonde to make hym
pryvie to the speeche I heard, hoping of his good
advice and ayde to prevent this myscheif, yf there weare any
intended. He answered me, He thought the reporte was not true. But
notwithstanding wished me to send one of my men to understande
further of the cause, I tolde hym that I had so done alreadye. And
further I tolde hym that my Lord of Arrundell was determyned to goe
presentlye to Howard house, which I did very much myslyke till I
had heard some certeyntie howe the company before spoken of weare
determyned.</span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B08LLDM91P" style="clear: left; float: left; font-size: medium; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1712" height="448" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzWW5E_En45tcltm2y7EQPyOwQ36yYx1IrgjHfpJMWIAnU73kUHwSEKcc9CQtN8CvY0oQrZwwKPc8UuDkxLW6KFyLqxXse3CwEade-CNJ1yNVzeGlD0oGD4Lwe8Z40kLatWmXo/w640-h448/Parolles.+Cover+1+Framed+50%2525+ad.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Theruppon there was some perswacion for
my Lord of Arrundell to goe to playe, who would not playe hym self
but willed me to playe his mony. I answered I wolde not playe unless
his Lordship stoode by. He answered me, he wolde not goe awaye untill
such tyme as we had made an end of our playe. Our playe contynued
very litle while, and then my Lord of Arrundell sayd he wolde goe to
Howard house, for he had appoynted his officers to
meete with hym there concerning his owne busynes. I answered hym that
yt weare very good for his Lordship this after noone to talke with
his Cownsell. He answered me that he had taken order with Mr Buxton &
Mr Dyx so to doe, and wolde goe to dispatch some other busynes. I
sayed to hym ageyne, that yf his Lordship wold goe hym self to his
Cownsell, His presence wolde doe more good with them then a
wekes attendaunce of his officers. Then he desired me to will one of
his men to cause Mr Buxton & Mr Dyx to come to hym to Arrundell
house. And theruppon we went presentlye downe the stayres to
goe to the blacke ffryers. And even at the dore my man came to me,
and tolde me that he had bene at my Lord Willoughbies, wheare my Lord
of Oxforthe & my Lord Willoughbie both weare, and that he did
perceive there was no such intent, as was before spoken of.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">And so we went to the blacke ffryers,
wheare Mr Knevet (going before us) was sett uppon. But who they were
that did it I knowe not, for I was so farre behynd, as I colde not
discearne what they wcarc. And so I tooke boate with my Lord of
Arrundell & went to Arrundell house. Being in the boate with hym,
he asked me why I did not tell him of that I had tolde my Lord of
Ormonde. I answered hym ageyne I was very unwilling to tell any body
of yt. But that I was desirous of all the quiet that might be as
longe as he & others weare in the company. And therefore I made
choice of my Lord of Ormonde as a man best experienced to advise in
the cause, yf there had bene any such [action] in hand. He answered
me ageyne, you might very well have made me privie, for you may be
sure, I wolde not joyne with any man willingly to be partye in any
quarrell.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">In the evening, fynding my Lord
Wylloughbie walking in his garden, I desired to speake with hym. So
going talking with hym, I told hym that I thought my Lord of Oxforthe
& he wolde not thincke me so idely occupied as that I wold joyne in
any quarrell ageynst them. Then he sayed to me that he did perceive
there had flying tales comen to us aswell as to them, for saieth he,
yt was told my Lord of Oxforth, that Mr. Knevet with others came
braying hard by the dore here. Theruppon my Lord of Oxforth hym self
(and also his men) was somwhat greyved at yt. I answered my Lord, I
thought that was very untrue, for Mr Knevet was not out of my company
all the afternoone, & before dynner, we came altogither, &
went no farther then Aldersgate. And that truly I did thincke in my
conscience there was no such intent, for there was none
in the company prepared to any such purpose. Truly cosyn Townishend
(sayd my Lord Willoughbie) yf the matter had growen to any further
extremytie, I wolde have sent both to the Mayor & to the
recorder. But whether he sayed he did send or no, I doe not very well
remember.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; mso-element: footnote-list; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><div id="ftn2" style="mso-element: footnote;"><div class="MsoFootnoteText"></div></div></div><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
</span><p></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody><tr><td><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B00TWPBPP8/" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="500" data-original-width="1252" height="253" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzxE2yZa7xOO6cItikV0wLJj3lYdjV7cdOUFavwD9AyzFWfZSdvwYm2Rl3WlhGqtKHRVZAPbwjsz1fkbgVP2sWxry6meQV5ZvzR8wLfLeqtebKTC5ovU-ycePSCdI4iv2oMS6y/w640-h253/Elizabeth+I+-+50%2525+Black+Ad.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption"><span style="background-color: black; color: white; font-size: large;">Was Shakespeare Gay? What do the sonnets really say?<br /><br /></span></td></tr></tbody></table>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">[Endorsed]. Mr Townesend declaration
towching the brute geven owt yt ye E. of Oxford shoold have attempted
somewhat against Mr Thomas Knyvet.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Source: <i>The Ven. Philip Howard Earl
of Arundel: 1557-1595</i>. (1919). 34-6.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<div style="mso-element: footnote-list;"><div id="ftn2" style="mso-element: footnote;"><div class="MsoFootnoteText"><h4><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: HE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Also at Virtual Grub Street:</span></h4></div></div></div><p><span style="color: black; font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style="color: black; font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></span></p><p></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"></p><p></p><ul style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;"><li><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #202124; font-family: inherit;"><b><a href="https://vgs-pbr-reviews.blogspot.com/2023/08/rocco-bonettis-blackfriars-fencing.html">Rocco Bonetti's Blackfriars Fencing School and Lord Hunsdon's Water Pipe.</a> August 12, 2023. “... the tenement late in the tenure of John Lyllie gentleman & nowe in the tenure of the said Rocho Bonetti...”</b></span></span></li><li><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><p><b><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2023/08/on-shakespeares-lameness-and-historical_5.html">On Shakespeare's lameness and historical-fiction biography, etc.</a> August 5, 2023. <b><span style="font-size: large;">“</span></b>Those who support Sogliardo of Stratford and other authorship candidates generally stop by from time to time to remark...</b><b>”</b></p></span></li><li><b><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2023/04/shakespeare-csi-sir-thomas-more-hand-d.html">Shakespeare CSI: Sir Thomas More, Hand-D.</a> April 22, 2023. “What a glory to have an actual hand-written manuscript from the greatest English writer of all time!”</span></b></li><li><span style="line-height: 18.4px;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><b><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2022/08/robert-greene-and-construction.html">Robert Greene and the Construction Shakespeare Never Used.</a></b><b> August 9, 2022. 'Our first foray “staring intently into” the texts of Robert Greene has noted that his work utilized far fewer feminine endings than Shakespeare’s.'</b></span></span></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><b><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2020/08/a-1572-oxford-letter-and-players-speech.html">A 1572 Oxford Letter and the Player’s Speech in Hamlet.</a> August 11, 2020. “The player’s speech has been a source of consternation among Shakespeare scholars for above 200 years. Why was Aeneas’ tale chosen as the subject?”</span></b></p></li><li><b><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span>Check out the <a href="https://gwponlinebibliography.blogspot.com/p/shakespeare-authorship-article-index.html">S</a></span><a href="https://gwponlinebibliography.blogspot.com/p/shakespeare-authorship-article-index.html">hakespeare Authorship Article Index</a><span> for many more articles and reviews about this fascinating time and about the Shakespeare Authorship Question.</span></span></b></li><li style="margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span><span><b>Check out the </b></span></span><span style="color: #0000ee;"><span><b><u><a href="https://gwponlinebibliography.blogspot.com/2020/12/english-renaissance-letters-index.html">Letters Index: Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford</a></u></b></span></span><span><span><b> for many letters from this fascinating time, some related to the Shakespeare Authorship Question.</b></span></span></span></li></ul><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B096PGF7LM" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><img border="0" data-original-height="623" data-original-width="1500" height="285" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrCl1332a8HzXx1hHggpPtFHoVnvIUpdQ3Z-lSQL6WduTq1AVq1V_12_Kc3rvRk7tbctTBKj8KJiHQuAgL6p97xRwQDbdpgdYo1OsL_ORxsmaH_K2upDl1Bg3drq6cUErR_sQn/w640-h285/Shakespeare+without+Ciphers+Series+1a.jpg" width="640" /></span></a></div><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"></p><p style="break-before: page; line-height: 16px; margin-bottom: 0in; page-break-before: always;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"></span></span></p><p style="break-before: auto; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-right: 0.42in; page-break-before: auto;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-right: 0.01in;"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
</span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Gilbert-Wesley-Purdy/e/B00H5A7SLC/" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="703" data-original-width="1600" height="280" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiBznpkxJG5fQbluqZSP4HXUqlJiYEegqgVppIuc8McfB7KT0s4UmI7eN3h5pieypTBxgp4lIbxTZMW2kwrWroitLPhYMeDUmrdT9CI7AzA7xLFET5O7f-uzSSYZtcblUjyeXCP/s640/Book+Page+ad+2.jpg" width="640" /></a></span></span></p><div><span><br /></span></div>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><br />
</p>Gilbert Wesley Purdyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02612678869556343487noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10644518.post-46504813972936404602023-12-09T17:08:00.004-05:002023-12-09T17:21:47.353-05:00Baron Burghley to Christopher Hatton, March 12, 1582/3.<p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiE5Jr4KQ6a5zHa3BMjf_h_Ji4pR_BPqwkYS5aP_WAhkypbQRy1tQCK4mOnPWa5V-kwVDN_8RAl6DhfkKGxcU3K19SWHPgo-ntdNoPtgn1b_8JysLz7cXD9us96kWsHCbHfChn8jkanmORQhis4aGxcGUD94j946fksk1EGraYNdMK37wYCzzQG/s521/Burghley%20letter.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><img border="0" data-original-height="245" data-original-width="521" height="150" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiE5Jr4KQ6a5zHa3BMjf_h_Ji4pR_BPqwkYS5aP_WAhkypbQRy1tQCK4mOnPWa5V-kwVDN_8RAl6DhfkKGxcU3K19SWHPgo-ntdNoPtgn1b_8JysLz7cXD9us96kWsHCbHfChn8jkanmORQhis4aGxcGUD94j946fksk1EGraYNdMK37wYCzzQG/s320/Burghley%20letter.jpg" width="320" /></span></a></div><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Good Mr. Vice-Chamberlain, My lack of
health and strength serveth me not to write as much as I have cause;
but yet many urgent necessities constrain me to write somewhat for
ease of my mind, which I pray you to interpret after your friendly
manner. I perceived yesterday by my Lord of Leicester that you had
very friendly delivered speeches to her Majesty tending to bring some
good end to these troublesome matters betwixt my Lord of Oxford and
Mr. Thomas Knyvet; for the which your doings I do heartily thank you,
and beseech you to continue your former good meaning, though the
event expected and desired hath not followed. And now perceiving by
my Lord of Leicester some increase of her Majesty's offence towards
my Lord of Oxford, and finding by Mr. Thomas Knyvet that he only
being called and demanded of her Majesty what he would say herein, he
did, as served his turn, declare to her Majesty that his men were
evil used by my Lord of Oxford's men, and namely that one of his men
was killed by a man of my Lord of Oxford's, and no redress had, I
cannot but think that her Majesty had just occasion given by such an
information to be offended towards my Lord of Oxford, or his man, and
did therefore, like a Prince of justice and God's minister, command
the matter to be examined, which was done yesterday at great length
by my Lord of Leicester, to his trouble and my grief ; and I doubt
not but my Lord of Leicester will honourably declare to her Majesty
how my Lord of Oxford resteth untouched, </span><div><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/1543136257/" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="872" data-original-width="1380" height="405" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg14Nuro9Y4OeO1CSjTL9VoSGrCf9plBaVYE_Tbs5oDG-4dA_Ao-HYYZdS1-ydAv7IS1x6omyigIDEMvWzuL8YS0xVvgif2B0n9G1xSyg3Dz2opKGg4_GIzU3VRyMmWMzhkEcFv/w640-h405/Folio+Cover+Ad+3.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div></div><div><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">or at least unblotted, in
any kind of matter objected by Mr. Knyvet, whom we heard at great
length, and his men also. But because Mr. Knyvet's man, called Long
Tom, that once served and was maintained by my Lord of Oxford, a bad
fellow to serve any honest man, came to his death, I am bold to send
to you the inquisition before the Coroner of London, with the verdict
of the jury and the depositions of the ocular witnesses; by all
which, and by a new acquittal at Newgate, Gastrell, the party named
my Lord of Oxford's man, and yet was not then his man, nor yet is,
though Mr. Knyvet report him so to be, was and standeth acquitted of
the death of the said Long Thomas; so as, where her Majesty had just
cause to conceive somewhat hardly of my Lord of Oxford, I doubt not
but when her Majesty shall be informed by my Lord of Leicester of the
truth which he hath seen and not disproved, her Majesty will diminish
her offensive opinion : and I trust also, after you shall have read
these writings, which I will on my credit avow to be true, you will
be of the same mind, and, as opportunity may serve, will also move
her Majesty in this case to think otherwise hereof than the informer
meant to induce her to think. As to the rest of the brabbles and
frays, my Lord of Leicester can also declare upon what small
occasions of repute and light carriages of tales, whereof my Lord of
Oxford is nowise touched, these brabbles are risen. And for the
quarrel of one Roper, of the Guards, against Gastrell, my Lord of
Oxford's man, it is confessed that Roper challenged Gastrell that he
had complained of him; whereas in truth yourself knoweth it was my
Lord of Oxford that did complain to you of Roper and of one Hall, so
as Roper was therein too busy. And hereupon he wrote a long epistle
to Gastrell to challenge him to fight, and so also Costock made the
like challenge, whereby appeareth that these frays grow </span></div><div><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B08LLDM91P" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1712" height="280" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzWW5E_En45tcltm2y7EQPyOwQ36yYx1IrgjHfpJMWIAnU73kUHwSEKcc9CQtN8CvY0oQrZwwKPc8UuDkxLW6KFyLqxXse3CwEade-CNJ1yNVzeGlD0oGD4Lwe8Z40kLatWmXo/w400-h280/Parolles.+Cover+1+Framed+50%2525+ad.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div></div><div><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">by challenges
made to my Lord of Oxford's men: and yet it must be informed that my
Lord of Oxford's men do offer these frays. Good Mr. Vice-Chamberlain,
these things are hardly carried, and these advantages are easily
gotten, where some may say what they will against my Lord of Oxford,
and have presence to utter their humours; and my Lord of Oxford is
neither heard, nor hath presence either to complain or defend
himself: and so long as he shall be subject to the disgrace of her
Majesty (from which God deliver him), I see it apparently, that, how
innocent soever he shall be, the advantages will fall out for his
adversaries; and so I hear they do prognosticate. It hath been also
informed her Majesty that he hath had fifteen or sixteen pages in a
livery going before him in Cheapside; but, if these tongues that
uttered this were so much lessened by measure in their mouths as they
have enlarged in their number, they would never be touched hereafter
with making any verbal lie. Indeed I would he had less than he hath,
and yet in all his house are, nor were at any time, but four : one of
them waiteth upon his wife, my daughter; another in my house, upon
his daughter Bess; a third is a kind of a tumbling-boy; and the
fourth is the son of a brother of Sir John Cutts, lately put to him.
By this false, large, lying report, if her Majesty would cause it to
be tried, she should find upon what roots these blasphemous branches
do grow. But I submit all these things to God's will, who knoweth
best why it pleaseth Him to afflict my Lord of Oxford in this sort,
who hath, I confess, forgotten his duty to God, and yet I hope he may
be made a good servant to her Majesty, if it please her of her
clemency to remit her displeasure; for his fall in her Court, which
is now twice yeared, and he punished as far or farther than any like
crime hath been, first by her Majesty, and then by the drab's friend
in revenge to the peril of his life. And if his own punishment past,
and his humble seeking of forgiveness, cannot recover her Majesty's
favour, yet some, yea many, may think that the intercession of me and
my poor wife, so long and importunately continued, might have
obtained some spark of favour of her Majesty; but hereof I will in
nowise complain of too much hardness, but to myself. I would I could
not, in amaritudine animte, lament my wife's oppressing of her heart
for the opinion she imprinteth therein of her misfortune, a matter
not to be expressed without mistaking : and therefore both I and she
are determined to suffer and lament our misfortune, that, when our
son-in-law was in prosperity, he was cause of our adversity by his
unkind usage of us and ours; and now that he is ruined and in
adversity, we only are made partakers thereof, and by no means, no,
not by bitter' tears of my wife, can obtain a spark of favour for
him, that hath satisfied his offence with punishment, and seeketh
mercy by submission; but contrariwise, whilst we seek for favour, all
crosses are laid against him, and by untruths sought to be kept in
disgrace. But, good Mr. Vice-Chamberlain, </span></div><div><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B09WC94FGW/" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1154" data-original-width="1905" height="243" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjIJbNwa_JRRkScLOLNNISJ0lWCOXXY2XdD3jUoUfM0GrdsA8uQ67CcDjrrUEQ3PjTegxCcTlDxZsk8mZ7O1m26n2u4MUqXSmpdchHjeWoOn_mnBGm2KVVERANDTHHHFSce96PaHcn7QarXknmpM0w-qH3FIB7Otap7yX6yPsGICygfdaF24Q/w400-h243/Ophelia%20Ford%20Maddox%20Brown%20-%20Book%20Cover300%20-ad.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div></div><div><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">pardon me herein, for my
heart too full to stay my pen, and yet I will end, because I will no
further trouble you with my troubles, which are ordained of God for
myself; and so I will patiently take them and lap them up to carry
with me to the grave, where, when I shall be, I am sure they shall
not follow me. When I began to write, I neither meant nor thought I
could have scribbled thus much ; but the matter hath ministered me
the cause, for I take no pleasure therein. God preserve her Majesty,
and grant her only to understand the true hearts of my poor wife and
me, and then I doubt not the sequel of her gracious favours in far
greater matters than we have required. We have not many years to
live, perchance not many days, and the fewer I am sure to find lack
of her favours, of whom we seek to deserve well by our daily
services. From my house in Westminster, this 12th of March 1582
[1583].</span><p></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Yours assuredly, as you see, very bold,
W. Burghley."</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Source: Nicholas, Harris. <i>Memoirs of
the Life and Times of Sir Christopher Hatton</i> (1847).</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<div style="mso-element: footnote-list;"><div id="ftn2" style="mso-element: footnote;"><div class="MsoFootnoteText"><h4><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: HE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Also at Virtual Grub Street:</span></h4></div></div></div><p><span style="color: black; font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style="color: black; font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></span></p><p></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"></p><p></p><ul style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;"><li><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #202124; font-family: inherit;"><b><a href="https://vgs-pbr-reviews.blogspot.com/2023/08/rocco-bonettis-blackfriars-fencing.html">Rocco Bonetti's Blackfriars Fencing School and Lord Hunsdon's Water Pipe.</a> August 12, 2023. “... the tenement late in the tenure of John Lyllie gentleman & nowe in the tenure of the said Rocho Bonetti...”</b></span></span></li><li><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><p><b><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2023/08/on-shakespeares-lameness-and-historical_5.html">On Shakespeare's lameness and historical-fiction biography, etc.</a> August 5, 2023. <b><span style="font-size: large;">“</span></b>Those who support Sogliardo of Stratford and other authorship candidates generally stop by from time to time to remark...</b><b>”</b></p></span></li><li><b><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2023/04/shakespeare-csi-sir-thomas-more-hand-d.html">Shakespeare CSI: Sir Thomas More, Hand-D.</a> April 22, 2023. “What a glory to have an actual hand-written manuscript from the greatest English writer of all time!”</span></b></li><li><span style="line-height: 18.4px;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><b><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2022/08/robert-greene-and-construction.html">Robert Greene and the Construction Shakespeare Never Used.</a></b><b> August 9, 2022. 'Our first foray “staring intently into” the texts of Robert Greene has noted that his work utilized far fewer feminine endings than Shakespeare’s.'</b></span></span></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><b><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2020/08/a-1572-oxford-letter-and-players-speech.html">A 1572 Oxford Letter and the Player’s Speech in Hamlet.</a> August 11, 2020. “The player’s speech has been a source of consternation among Shakespeare scholars for above 200 years. Why was Aeneas’ tale chosen as the subject?”</span></b></p></li><li><b><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span>Check out the <a href="https://gwponlinebibliography.blogspot.com/p/shakespeare-authorship-article-index.html">S</a></span><a href="https://gwponlinebibliography.blogspot.com/p/shakespeare-authorship-article-index.html">hakespeare Authorship Article Index</a><span> for many more articles and reviews about this fascinating time and about the Shakespeare Authorship Question.</span></span></b></li><li style="margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span><span><b>Check out the </b></span></span><span style="color: #0000ee;"><span><b><u><a href="https://gwponlinebibliography.blogspot.com/2020/12/english-renaissance-letters-index.html">Letters Index: Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford</a></u></b></span></span><span><span><b> for many letters from this fascinating time, some related to the Shakespeare Authorship Question.</b></span></span></span></li></ul><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B096PGF7LM" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><img border="0" data-original-height="623" data-original-width="1500" height="285" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrCl1332a8HzXx1hHggpPtFHoVnvIUpdQ3Z-lSQL6WduTq1AVq1V_12_Kc3rvRk7tbctTBKj8KJiHQuAgL6p97xRwQDbdpgdYo1OsL_ORxsmaH_K2upDl1Bg3drq6cUErR_sQn/w640-h285/Shakespeare+without+Ciphers+Series+1a.jpg" width="640" /></span></a></div><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"></p><p style="break-before: page; line-height: 16px; margin-bottom: 0in; page-break-before: always;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"></span></span></p><p style="break-before: auto; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-right: 0.42in; page-break-before: auto;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-right: 0.01in;"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
</p><p class="sdfootnote"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Gilbert-Wesley-Purdy/e/B00H5A7SLC/" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="703" data-original-width="1600" height="280" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiBznpkxJG5fQbluqZSP4HXUqlJiYEegqgVppIuc8McfB7KT0s4UmI7eN3h5pieypTBxgp4lIbxTZMW2kwrWroitLPhYMeDUmrdT9CI7AzA7xLFET5O7f-uzSSYZtcblUjyeXCP/s640/Book+Page+ad+2.jpg" width="640" /></a></span></span></p><div><span><br /></span></div></div>Gilbert Wesley Purdyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02612678869556343487noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10644518.post-54819321637869122262023-11-27T11:25:00.006-05:002023-11-28T11:37:46.363-05:00The Sonnets of Shakespeare: Sonnet 74.<p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjecjTWW_7xWx0WFNox5zckpNQ79PllIQyQx7VODthazh8DhoSDIBGZF43DePy2-x6yDGfiWFJYhy-IRvwkOeXnqBLGB3bw2vAOupJvgwQK_fkPNDkH-o6bYT3Pv5QUttqPw5fuDE4lVK1BHZS-Obaae-RXqQsc-wv46rzvp7OyoLyfEVCbGxsm/s790/Sonnet%2074.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-size: large;"><img border="0" data-original-height="278" data-original-width="790" height="226" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjecjTWW_7xWx0WFNox5zckpNQ79PllIQyQx7VODthazh8DhoSDIBGZF43DePy2-x6yDGfiWFJYhy-IRvwkOeXnqBLGB3bw2vAOupJvgwQK_fkPNDkH-o6bYT3Pv5QUttqPw5fuDE4lVK1BHZS-Obaae-RXqQsc-wv46rzvp7OyoLyfEVCbGxsm/w640-h226/Sonnet%2074.jpg" width="640" /></span></a></div><span style="font-size: large;"><br /><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></span><p></p><p><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><b>Sonnet 74</b></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br /></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">But be contented when that
fell arest,
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">With out all bayle shall
carry me away,
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">My life hath in this line
some interest,
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Which for memoriall still
with thee shall slay.
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">When thou revewest this,
thou doest revew,
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">The very part was
consecrate to thee,
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">The earth can have but
earth, which is his due,
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">My spirit is thine the
better part of me,
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">So then thou hast but lost
the dregs of life,
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">The pray of wormes, my
body being dead,
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">The coward conquest of a
wretches knife,
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">To base of thee to be
remembred,
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">The worth of that, is that
which it containes,
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">And that is this, and this
with thee remaines.
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><b>Sample commentary by
line:</b></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br /></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br /></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><b>fr. Rollins:</b></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">6.] <b>consecrate</b>
Pooler (ed. 1918): The older and more correct form of “consecrated.”
[See 87.4 n., Abbott (1870, p. 244), and Franz (1909, pp. 155
f.)]—With the line Tyler (ed. 1890) compares Martial, <i>Epigrams</i>,
VII.84, “certior in nostro carmine vultus erit.”
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">11.] Cartwright (ed. 1859,
p. 34) explains: This body, the coward conquest of death’s knife.
[So Tucker (ed. 1924).]—Palgrave (ed. 1865): Must allude to
anatomical dissection, then recently revived in Europe by Vesalius,
Fallopius, Par</span><span style="font-family: inherit;">é</span><span style="font-family: inherit;">, and
others.—Furnivall (ed. 1877, p. lxv n.): [The line does not refer]
to an attempt to stab Shakspere. I believe it is the “confounding
age’s cruel knife” . . . [63.10].—Dowden (ed. 1881): Does
Shakspere merely speak of the liability of the body to untimely or
violent mischance ? Or does he meditate suicide? Or think of
Marlowe’s death, and anticipate such a fate as possibly his own? Or
has he . . . been wounded? Or does he refer to the dissection of dead
bodies? Or is it “confounding age’s cruel knife?”—Verity (ed.
1890): Surely the last alternative is the only feasible one.—Olivieri
(Sh.’s Sonetti, 1890, p. 313) proposes: [Sh.] is alluding to the .
. . death of Christopher Marlow, slain ... in a tavern brawl because
of jealousy over women.—Tyler (ed. 1890): The meaning is, that what
of him had not been treasured up in his verse was mean and base,
liable to succumb to the assassin’s knife.—Wyndham (ed. 1898):
Metaphorical: the destruction of the body by death and its subsequent
corruption is a squalid tragedy.</span></span></p>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B00X4JUJAU/" style="font-size: medium; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" height="365" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhHYtGM9LRYoPeurn16CxQev5S5I5ICJQc26cChbrYUXIykiq_I7WWssFkP49PqUOyi8bf6twyGdaONemx2jshNYSjJ33xR_WDLETS1rvdQTvHJn37wZh7NH1mRhiy7eH-UCoge/w640-h365/Discovered+Sh+Cover+ad+-+300+dpi.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><b style="font-family: inherit; font-size: x-large;">fr. Alden:</b></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">12.] <b>remembred.</b> Wyndham: There
is little authority [for the modern spelling.] The verb is almost
invariably "remembre" in the writings of Sh. and his
contemporaries. If so, the line is defective; cf. 66, 8, "disabled."
[Nevertheless, Wyndham puts "remembered" in his text.]</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br /></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br /></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><b style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: large;">Commentary on Sonnets
as Autobiography:</span></b></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Rollins, II.134] One of the earliest
Englishmen to express approval of the “Friedrich von
Schlegel’’-Wordsworth dogma was an anonymous writer (probably
John Wilson) in Blackwood's, 1818 (III, 586). He wrote of the sonnets
as “invaluable, beyond any thing else of Shakspeare’s poetry,
because they give us little notices, and occasional glimpses of his
own kindred feelings, and of some of the most interesting events and
situations of his life.” But dissent quickly manifested itself, as
in Boswell (ed. 1821, p. 220): “I am satisfied that these
compositions had neither the poet himself nor any individual in view;
but were merely the effusions of his fancy, written upon various
topicks for the amuse¬ ment of a private circle.”
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Rollins, II.134-5] In terms reminiscent
of A. W. von Schlegel’s the sonnets were discussed by Tieck
(</span><i style="font-family: inherit;">Penelope Taschenbuch</i><span style="font-family: inherit;">, 1826, pp. 314-339). To him it was
incomprehensible (p. 315) that the English commentators “did not
find them remarkable as the confessions of a man about whom we know
so little, and who, for that very reason, had excited and whetted the
curiosity of so many for two centuries.”</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Rollins, II.135] </span><span style="font-family: inherit;">The
poet Campbell held other views. In the New Monthly Magazine, 1829
(XXVI, 577-583), he ridiculed Schlegel’s pronouncements, calling
the sonnets (pp. 580 f.) “insignificant as an index to his [Sh.’s]
biography,” and denying that “they unequivocally paint his
passions, and the true character of his sentiments.”</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Rollins, II.137] </span><span style="font-family: inherit;">In
1838 Heine (</span><i style="font-family: inherit;">Sammtliche Werke</i><span style="font-family: inherit;">, 1876, III, 177) asserted that
the sonnets are “authentic records of the circumstances of
Shakspeare’s life,” reflecting deep “human misdre,” and Kuhne
(</span><i style="font-family: inherit;">Weibliche und mdnnliche Charaktere</i><span style="font-family: inherit;">, 1838, II, 22) echoed: “To
come nearer to Shakspeare’s personality and his habits as a man,
cognizance of his lyrical effusions is indispensable.” C. A. Brown,
in Sh.’s Autobiographical Poems, 1838 (see pp. 76 f., above), also
proceeded on the assumption that the lyrics made their author’s
life an open book.</span></span></p>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/1543136257/" style="font-size: medium; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="872" data-original-width="1380" height="405" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg14Nuro9Y4OeO1CSjTL9VoSGrCf9plBaVYE_Tbs5oDG-4dA_Ao-HYYZdS1-ydAv7IS1x6omyigIDEMvWzuL8YS0xVvgif2B0n9G1xSyg3Dz2opKGg4_GIzU3VRyMmWMzhkEcFv/w640-h405/Folio+Cover+Ad+3.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><b>Commentary on Sonnet
74:</b></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Rendell, 142] Sonnets §
71-4, which contain some of the most perfect lines in the sonnets,
are written under some apprehansion of approaching death.</span></p>
<p style="break-before: auto; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.51in; margin-right: 0.43in; page-break-before: auto;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">The coward conquest of a wretch's knife §74.11</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: large;">I take to be an
unmistakeable reference to disabling injuries received in the duel
(1582) with Sir Thos. Knyvet, from the effects of which he never
wholly recovered —</span></span></p>
<p style="break-before: auto; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.51in; margin-right: 0.43in; page-break-before: auto;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">In me thou seest the glowing of such fire</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.51in; margin-right: 0.43in;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">That on the ashes of his youth doth lie. §73.10</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: large;">The hours of weakness
quickened the sense of dependence on his friend's affection, the
desire to kindle sympathetic response; and nowhere is freer rein
given to the touch of self-pity, and of sentiment in the affections.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Purdy, <a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/1543136257/">Edward de Vere wasShakespeare</a>, 144] “Oxford and servants accompanying him were set
upon by Thomas Knyvet, Gentleman to the Privy Chamber and uncle to
Anne Vavasour, and his retainers. The place of the attack is not
recorded but it was probably in London. Both Knyvet and Oxford were
injured — the Earl more seriously. But not so seriously as to
forego a sonnet to inform his Queen:...”</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Surely, this sonnet was
written in hopes to re-engage the sympathies of the queen lost when Edward was discovered to have impregnated her lady-in-waiting Anne
Vavasour. Forbidden to attend the Royal Court, involved in a vicious
dispute with the members of his own Court faction, and now seriously
wounded, he had to be feeling depressed and desperate. It was
essential to somehow get back into the good graces of Her Majesty.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><b>Sources Cited:</b></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Alden, Raymond Macdonald.
<i>The Sonnets of Shakespeare from the Quarto of 1609 with variorum
readings and commentary</i> (1916).</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: large;">Anon. “The Confessions of William
Shakspeare,” New Monthly Magazine, 1835, XLIII, 1-9, 306-312, XLIV,
319-336, XLV, 47-69.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Kiihne, F. G. </span><i style="font-family: inherit;">Weibliche und
mannliche Charaktere</i><span style="font-family: inherit;">, vol. II. Leipzig, 1838.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Purdy, Gilbert Wesley.
</span><i style="font-family: inherit;">Edward de Vere was Shake-speare: at long last the proof</i><span style="font-family: inherit;"> (2013,
2017). </span><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/1543136257/">https://www.amazon.com/dp/1543136257/</a> </span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Rendall, Gerald H.
</span><i style="font-family: inherit;">Personal Clues in Shakespeare's Poems and Sonnets</i><span style="font-family: inherit;"> (1934)</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Rollins, Hyder. </span><i style="font-family: inherit;">A New
Variorum Edition of Shakespeare. The Sonnets</i><span style="font-family: inherit;">. (1944).</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Tieck, Ludwig [and Dorothea], “Ueber
Shakspears Sonette einige Worte, nebst Proben einer Uebersetzung
derselben,” </span><i style="font-family: inherit;">Penelope Taschenbuch</i><span style="font-family: inherit;"> fur das Jahr 1826 (ed.
Theodor Hell, Leipzig), pp. 314-339.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
</span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody><tr><td><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B00TWPBPP8/" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="500" data-original-width="1252" height="253" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzxE2yZa7xOO6cItikV0wLJj3lYdjV7cdOUFavwD9AyzFWfZSdvwYm2Rl3WlhGqtKHRVZAPbwjsz1fkbgVP2sWxry6meQV5ZvzR8wLfLeqtebKTC5ovU-ycePSCdI4iv2oMS6y/w640-h253/Elizabeth+I+-+50%2525+Black+Ad.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption"><span style="background-color: black; color: white; font-size: large;">Was Shakespeare Gay? What do the sonnets really say?<br /><br /></span></td></tr></tbody></table>
<div style="mso-element: footnote-list;"><div id="ftn2" style="mso-element: footnote;"><div class="MsoFootnoteText"><h4><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: HE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Also at Virtual Grub Street:</span></h4></div></div></div><p><span style="color: black; font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style="color: black; font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></span></p><p></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"></p><p></p><ul style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;"><li><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #202124; font-family: inherit;"><b><a href="https://vgs-pbr-reviews.blogspot.com/2023/08/rocco-bonettis-blackfriars-fencing.html">Rocco Bonetti's Blackfriars Fencing School and Lord Hunsdon's Water Pipe.</a> August 12, 2023. “... the tenement late in the tenure of John Lyllie gentleman & nowe in the tenure of the said Rocho Bonetti...”</b></span></span></li><li><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><p><b><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2023/08/on-shakespeares-lameness-and-historical_5.html">On Shakespeare's lameness and historical-fiction biography, etc.</a> August 5, 2023. <b><span style="font-size: large;">“</span></b>Those who support Sogliardo of Stratford and other authorship candidates generally stop by from time to time to remark...</b><b>”</b></p></span></li><li><b><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2023/04/shakespeare-csi-sir-thomas-more-hand-d.html">Shakespeare CSI: Sir Thomas More, Hand-D.</a> April 22, 2023. “What a glory to have an actual hand-written manuscript from the greatest English writer of all time!”</span></b></li><li><span style="line-height: 18.4px;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><b><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2022/08/robert-greene-and-construction.html">Robert Greene and the Construction Shakespeare Never Used.</a></b><b> August 9, 2022. 'Our first foray “staring intently into” the texts of Robert Greene has noted that his work utilized far fewer feminine endings than Shakespeare’s.'</b></span></span></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><b><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2020/08/a-1572-oxford-letter-and-players-speech.html">A 1572 Oxford Letter and the Player’s Speech in Hamlet.</a> August 11, 2020. “The player’s speech has been a source of consternation among Shakespeare scholars for above 200 years. Why was Aeneas’ tale chosen as the subject?”</span></b></p></li><li><b><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span>Check out the <a href="https://gwponlinebibliography.blogspot.com/p/shakespeare-authorship-article-index.html">S</a></span><a href="https://gwponlinebibliography.blogspot.com/p/shakespeare-authorship-article-index.html">hakespeare Authorship Article Index</a><span> for many more articles and reviews about this fascinating time and about the Shakespeare Authorship Question.</span></span></b></li><li style="margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span><span><b>Check out the </b></span></span><span style="color: #0000ee;"><span><b><u><a href="https://gwponlinebibliography.blogspot.com/2020/12/english-renaissance-letters-index.html">Letters Index: Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford</a></u></b></span></span><span><span><b> for many letters from this fascinating time, some related to the Shakespeare Authorship Question.</b></span></span></span></li></ul><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B096PGF7LM" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><img border="0" data-original-height="623" data-original-width="1500" height="285" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrCl1332a8HzXx1hHggpPtFHoVnvIUpdQ3Z-lSQL6WduTq1AVq1V_12_Kc3rvRk7tbctTBKj8KJiHQuAgL6p97xRwQDbdpgdYo1OsL_ORxsmaH_K2upDl1Bg3drq6cUErR_sQn/w640-h285/Shakespeare+without+Ciphers+Series+1a.jpg" width="640" /></span></a></div><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"></p><p style="break-before: page; line-height: 16px; margin-bottom: 0in; page-break-before: always;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"></span></span></p><p style="break-before: auto; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-right: 0.42in; page-break-before: auto;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-right: 0.01in;"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
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</p>Gilbert Wesley Purdyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02612678869556343487noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10644518.post-44399957667885665672023-11-12T13:07:00.011-05:002023-11-12T13:31:14.118-05:00The Sonnets of Shakespeare: Sonnet 11.<h3 class="western"><b><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgo6hg76SVtLIZ68dIPC-XE__FxV_gQBKNHazb8mW11eHoHcmSTNh2hhH83fxXQl3wWyEMUCHEvahfAg45bd49RJhq5T2IO7fasle81kQA0ue8JPPfJjc_HE1QLlgxcKlUfkNx9kt-YQbF90-vT6g5BiWklvMLAOvpw3Y1e_stKv8y0N2x-bnzw/s1094/Sonnet%2011.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="417" data-original-width="1094" height="122" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgo6hg76SVtLIZ68dIPC-XE__FxV_gQBKNHazb8mW11eHoHcmSTNh2hhH83fxXQl3wWyEMUCHEvahfAg45bd49RJhq5T2IO7fasle81kQA0ue8JPPfJjc_HE1QLlgxcKlUfkNx9kt-YQbF90-vT6g5BiWklvMLAOvpw3Y1e_stKv8y0N2x-bnzw/s320/Sonnet%2011.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>General Commentary on the Sonnets.</span></b></h3>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br /></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><b>Rollins:</b> “It has never been
seriously questioned,” Raleigh (<i>Shakespeare</i>, p. 87) declared
in 1907, “that all the Sonnets are by Shakespeare”; but this
statement was made in disregard or ignorance of the facts. Their
authenticity had often been questioned seriously before 1907, it has
often been questioned since, and no doubt it will be often questioned
in the future. Indeed, the greatest advantage of Shakespearean
studies seems to be that questions may be asked over and over again,
and that almost nobody pays attention to the answers— unless he
borrows them for his own use in an article or a book. Now obviously
the fact that the sonnets were published in 1609 under Sh.’s name
is in itself no proof whatever that he wrote them. Comparatively few
scholars accept him as the author of the L. C.,...
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><b>Rollins's</b>: If little proof has
been offered for Sh.’s authorship, none at all has been presented
for that of Bacon, Raleigh, Oxford, Rutland, and the rest. Assertion,
not evidence, backs their claims. Thurston (Month, 1930, CLVI, 425)
considers Meres’s words of 1598 (see p. 53, below) sufficient to
establish Sh.’s title “against all pretended rival claims,” for
he cannot believe that Bacon et al. would have allowed their sonnets
to circulate in manuscript under the name of another.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><b>GWP</b>:
I am a huge fan of Rollins' scholarship but he is obligated to
support the Stratford orthodoxy and that can only affect his
judgment. First, sonnets generally circulated without the author's
name attached. Second, Meres's claim is based on literary gossip.
There is no reason to believe he ever actually saw a manuscript of
any of the sonnets. Any name might have attached to private copies
could easily have been “E.O.” Meres would only have known what
the literary gossip provided. So then, we know from Meres that
outsiders who eagerly followed the London literary gossip had heard
talk of “Shakespeare's” sugared sonnets.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">“...it is not difficult to understand
the dilemma in which these otherwise excellent scholars found
themselves. If it had been admitted that the only sovereign of
feminine predilections who might fill the role as the object of the
sonnets was Queen Elizabeth, it left the question as to how
Shakespeare could possibly be so intimate with the Queen. Chalmers’
theory was unlikely at best. William Shaksper of Stratford-on-Avon
left only a modest biography behind. Almost none of it consisted of
more than minor business dealings on a par with any other industrious
shifter of the day.” [<a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B00TWPBPP8/">Was Shakespeare Gay? What do the sonnets really say?</a>]</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></span></p><p></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; font-family: "Times New Roman"; letter-spacing: normal; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; orphans: 2; text-align: center; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B00TWPBPP8/" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="500" data-original-width="1252" height="253" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzxE2yZa7xOO6cItikV0wLJj3lYdjV7cdOUFavwD9AyzFWfZSdvwYm2Rl3WlhGqtKHRVZAPbwjsz1fkbgVP2sWxry6meQV5ZvzR8wLfLeqtebKTC5ovU-ycePSCdI4iv2oMS6y/w640-h253/Elizabeth+I+-+50%2525+Black+Ad.jpg" style="cursor: move;" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="background-color: black; color: white; font-size: large;">Was Shakespeare Gay? What do the sonnets really say?</span></td></tr></tbody></table>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><b>Sonnet 11</b></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">As fast as thou shalt wane so fast thou
grow'st,</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">In one of thine, from that which thou
departest,</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">And that fresh bloud which yongly thou
bestow'st,</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Thou maist call thine, when thou from
youth conuertest,</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Herein Hues wisdome, beauty, and
increase,
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Without this follie, age, and could
decay,</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">If all were minded so, the times should
cease,</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">And threescoore yeare would make the
world away</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Let those whom nature hath not made for
store,
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Harsh, featurelesse, and rude, barrenly
perrish,</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Looke whom she best indow'd, she gaue
the more;</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Which bountious guift thou shouldst in
bounty cherrish,</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">She caru'd thee for her seale, and ment
therby,</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Thou shouldst print more, not let that
coppy die.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><b>Sample commentary by line:</b>
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">7-8. <b>Von Mauntz</b>: Cf. Ovid,
Amores, II, xiv, 9-10:</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p style="break-before: auto; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.49in; margin-right: 0.42in; page-break-before: auto;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
Si mos antiquis placuisset matribus idem,</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.49in; margin-right: 0.42in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
Gens hominum vitio deperitura fuit.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">9. store. <b>Schmidt</b>: Increase of
men, fertility. Herford: For store = to breed from. " Store " is
properly breeding-stock. [Cf. 14, 12. — Ed.]</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">9. store. <b>GWP</b>: The term actually refers to breeding females (and does here). Chaucer confirms when he tells his reader that Tyreus kept Philomela in order to breed a son (children?) on her.</span></span><pre class="western"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></span><blockquote>
<pre class="western" style="margin-left: 0.49in; margin-right: 0.42in;"><span style="font-family: times; font-size: large;"><span style="color: black;">And with his swerd her tong of kerveth he,</span>
<span style="color: black;"> And in a castel made her for to be</span>
<span style="color: black;"> Ful privily in prison evermore,</span>
<span style="color: black;">And kepte her to his usage and his store,...</span>
<span style="color: black;"> “The Legend of Good Women”</span></span></pre>
</blockquote><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></span></pre><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
Wallace does generalize the term to all young born from store. </span></p>
<p style="break-before: auto; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.51in; margin-right: 0.44in; page-break-before: auto;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
Earns [Eagles] and Gleds [kites] are here in plenty , and very harmfull to the
young store; yea , they have been found to seize upon young children,
and carry them a good way off,</span></p>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"></div><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Dryden makes a point to specify “female store” in his translation of Virgil's <i>Georgics </i>(IV.795).</span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br /></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/1543136257/" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="872" data-original-width="1380" height="253" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg14Nuro9Y4OeO1CSjTL9VoSGrCf9plBaVYE_Tbs5oDG-4dA_Ao-HYYZdS1-ydAv7IS1x6omyigIDEMvWzuL8YS0xVvgif2B0n9G1xSyg3Dz2opKGg4_GIzU3VRyMmWMzhkEcFv/w400-h253/Folio+Cover+Ad+3.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><p></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">10. barrenly <b>GWP</b>. 'Sonnet 11 uses
the adjective “barren” to describe the love object’s ultimate
fate if he/she does not procreate. Men who do not produce heirs are
nonetheless never “barren,” only women.' [<a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B00TWPBPP8/">Was Shakespeare Gay? What do the sonnets really say?</a>]</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">13-14. <b>Malone</b>: Cf. T.N., I, v,
259-61:</span></p>
<p style="break-before: auto; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.43in; page-break-before: auto;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
Lady, you are the cruell'st she alive,</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.43in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
If you will lead these graces to the grave</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.43in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
And leave the world no copy.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">13-14. <b>GWP</b>. Of course, the
character of Olivia, in Shakespeare's play <i>Twelfth Night</i>, is
widely thought to be modeled on Queen Elizabeth I.
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><b><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Commentary on Sonnet 11.</span></b></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br /></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><b>Owlcation</b>: It is likely that the
young man in these marriage sonnets is Henry Wriothesley, the third
earl of Southampton, who is being urged to marry Elizabeth de Vere,
the oldest daughter of the writer of the Shakespeare sonnets, Edward
de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
</p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><b>GWP</b>:
Anyone who has followed my work on the sonnets knows that I date this
sonnet from the 1570s, when the increasingly desperate courtiers and
parliament were writing reams of plays, poems, pamphlets,
parliamentary declarations, etc., pleading with Queen Elizabeth to
marry and provide her kingdom an heir. Edward de Vere, the 17<sup>th</sup>
Earl of Oxford, was among those courtiers. While Elizabeth was
growing long in the tooth, her court never dared to say as much, and,
until 1582, and the end of the courtship paid by the Duke of Alen<span>ç</span>on
to the then 49 year old queen, still held out some hope. A monarch
without an heir had historically been the preliminary to violent
civil strife — even civil war.
</span></p>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B00X4JUJAU/" style="font-size: medium; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" height="365" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhHYtGM9LRYoPeurn16CxQev5S5I5ICJQc26cChbrYUXIykiq_I7WWssFkP49PqUOyi8bf6twyGdaONemx2jshNYSjJ33xR_WDLETS1rvdQTvHJn37wZh7NH1mRhiy7eH-UCoge/w640-h365/Discovered+Sh+Cover+ad+-+300+dpi.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><b><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Sources Cited</span></b></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br /></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Malone, Edmund. Plays and Poems of W.
Sh., with the corrections and illustrations of various commentators
[etc.) (1821). [James Boswell.] Volume 5. (Rivington, etc.)</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">von Mauntz, Alfred. <i>Gedichte von W.
Sh., in's Deutsche iibertragen durch Alfred </i><i>von Mauntz</i> (1894).</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Owlcation.
<a href="https://owlcation.com/humanities/shakespeare-sonnet-11-as-fast-as-thou-shalt-wane-so-fast-thou-growst">https://owlcation.com/humanities/shakespeare-sonnet-11-as-fast-as-thou-shalt-wane-so-fast-thou-growst</a></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Purdy, Gilbert Wesley. Was Shakespeare
Gay? What do the sonnets really say?
<a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B00TWPBPP8/">https://www.amazon.com/dp/B00TWPBPP8/</a></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Raleigh, Sir Walter. <i>Shakespeare</i>
(1907).</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Rollins, Hyder. <i>A New Variorum
Edition of Shakespeare. The Sonnets. </i>Volume
1<i>.</i> (1944).</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Thurston, Herbert. “The ‘Mr. W. H.’
of Shakespeare’s Sonnets,” <i>Month</i>, 1930, CLVI, 425-437.</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Wallace, James. <span style="color: #3c4043;"><span face="Roboto, arial, sans-serif"><span><i>A Description of the Isles of Orkney</i></span></span></span><i> </i>(1693).</span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B096L2KPR4" style="font-size: medium; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="351" data-original-width="871" height="258" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgELC6TGFWltwwg_mrsN-nFY1NJ9y9AZ8R0FCfMs_DizQ7GSZ3NNJQx3ou_P5Kb4IGLP1K3_vMCnK3a8EFqsqCbitDuVuPzJDDr-UqKRkHYh6Ao1eONEbckZ9eIz5s_D3mbtFf4/w640-h258/In-Progress+Ad.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><div style="mso-element: footnote-list;"><div id="ftn2" style="mso-element: footnote;"><div class="MsoFootnoteText"><h4><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: HE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Also at Virtual Grub Street:</span></h4></div></div></div><p><span style="color: black; font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style="color: black; font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></span></p><p></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"></p><p></p><ul style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;"><li><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #202124; font-family: inherit;"><b><a href="https://vgs-pbr-reviews.blogspot.com/2023/08/rocco-bonettis-blackfriars-fencing.html">Rocco Bonetti's Blackfriars Fencing School and Lord Hunsdon's Water Pipe.</a> August 12, 2023. “... the tenement late in the tenure of John Lyllie gentleman & nowe in the tenure of the said Rocho Bonetti...”</b></span></span></li><li><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><p><b><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2023/08/on-shakespeares-lameness-and-historical_5.html">On Shakespeare's lameness and historical-fiction biography, etc.</a> August 5, 2023. <b><span style="font-size: large;">“</span></b>Those who support Sogliardo of Stratford and other authorship candidates generally stop by from time to time to remark...</b><b>”</b></p></span></li><li><b><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2023/04/shakespeare-csi-sir-thomas-more-hand-d.html">Shakespeare CSI: Sir Thomas More, Hand-D.</a> April 22, 2023. “What a glory to have an actual hand-written manuscript from the greatest English writer of all time!”</span></b></li><li><span style="line-height: 18.4px;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><b><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2022/08/robert-greene-and-construction.html">Robert Greene and the Construction Shakespeare Never Used.</a></b><b> August 9, 2022. 'Our first foray “staring intently into” the texts of Robert Greene has noted that his work utilized far fewer feminine endings than Shakespeare’s.'</b></span></span></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><b><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2020/08/a-1572-oxford-letter-and-players-speech.html">A 1572 Oxford Letter and the Player’s Speech in Hamlet.</a> August 11, 2020. “The player’s speech has been a source of consternation among Shakespeare scholars for above 200 years. Why was Aeneas’ tale chosen as the subject?”</span></b></p></li><li><b><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span>Check out the <a href="https://gwponlinebibliography.blogspot.com/p/shakespeare-authorship-article-index.html">S</a></span><a href="https://gwponlinebibliography.blogspot.com/p/shakespeare-authorship-article-index.html">hakespeare Authorship Article Index</a><span> for many more articles and reviews about this fascinating time and about the Shakespeare Authorship Question.</span></span></b></li><li style="margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span><span><b>Check out the </b></span></span><span style="color: #0000ee;"><span><b><u><a href="https://gwponlinebibliography.blogspot.com/2020/12/english-renaissance-letters-index.html">Letters Index: Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford</a></u></b></span></span><span><span><b> for many letters from this fascinating time, some related to the Shakespeare Authorship Question.</b></span></span></span></li></ul><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B096PGF7LM" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><img border="0" data-original-height="623" data-original-width="1500" height="285" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrCl1332a8HzXx1hHggpPtFHoVnvIUpdQ3Z-lSQL6WduTq1AVq1V_12_Kc3rvRk7tbctTBKj8KJiHQuAgL6p97xRwQDbdpgdYo1OsL_ORxsmaH_K2upDl1Bg3drq6cUErR_sQn/w640-h285/Shakespeare+without+Ciphers+Series+1a.jpg" width="640" /></span></a></div><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"></p><p style="break-before: page; line-height: 16px; margin-bottom: 0in; page-break-before: always;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"></span></span></p><p style="break-before: auto; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-right: 0.42in; page-break-before: auto;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-right: 0.01in;"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Gilbert-Wesley-Purdy/e/B00H5A7SLC/" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="703" data-original-width="1600" height="280" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiBznpkxJG5fQbluqZSP4HXUqlJiYEegqgVppIuc8McfB7KT0s4UmI7eN3h5pieypTBxgp4lIbxTZMW2kwrWroitLPhYMeDUmrdT9CI7AzA7xLFET5O7f-uzSSYZtcblUjyeXCP/s640/Book+Page+ad+2.jpg" width="640" /></a></span></span></p><div><span><br /></span></div><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><br /></p>Gilbert Wesley Purdyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02612678869556343487noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10644518.post-68365695435985840712023-11-05T06:26:00.009-05:002023-11-12T05:52:25.411-05:00The Sonnets of Shakespeare: Sonnet 1. <p><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgBBfSIf7KIQtpVwa67TGS31VVEtkWM6PAwzix916buGoYKQR9kxfuT_5kTC5yMjPE5tEPOnVCO49qWTuTfLQtMXjeP05zyVLiWu5BOCkf51IV3kVPBtOPi12cmLBXxUp5fuhvc7EBWfCj8fcGwuGlenY8jqujHziPqR_aQNzPZWo_K8R7DoiDp/s1088/Shakespeare%20Sonnet%201.png" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="527" data-original-width="1088" height="310" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgBBfSIf7KIQtpVwa67TGS31VVEtkWM6PAwzix916buGoYKQR9kxfuT_5kTC5yMjPE5tEPOnVCO49qWTuTfLQtMXjeP05zyVLiWu5BOCkf51IV3kVPBtOPi12cmLBXxUp5fuhvc7EBWfCj8fcGwuGlenY8jqujHziPqR_aQNzPZWo_K8R7DoiDp/w640-h310/Shakespeare%20Sonnet%201.png" width="640" /></a></span></div><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />1.</span><p></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">From fairest creatures we desire
increase,</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">That thereby beauties Rose might neuer
die,</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">But as the riper should by time
decease,</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">His tender heire might beare his
memory:</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">But thou contracted to thine owne
bright eyes,</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Feed'st thy lights flame with selfe
substantiall fewell,</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Making a famine where aboundance lies,</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Thy selfe thy foe, to thy sweet selfe
too cruell:</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Thou that art now the worlds fresh
ornament,</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">And only herauld to the gaudy spring,</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Within thine owne bud buriest thy
content,</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">And tender chorle makst wast in
niggarding:</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Pitty the world, or else this glutton
be,</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">To eate the worlds due, by the graue
and thee.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><b>Lee</b>: The opening sequence of 17
sonnets, in which a youth of rank and wealth is admonished to marry
and beget a son so that "his fair house" may not fall into
decay, can only have been addressed to a young peer . . . who was as
yet unmarried. (<i>Life</i>, p. 142.)</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br /></span></p>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B00TWPBPP8/" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="500" data-original-width="1252" height="253" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzxE2yZa7xOO6cItikV0wLJj3lYdjV7cdOUFavwD9AyzFWfZSdvwYm2Rl3WlhGqtKHRVZAPbwjsz1fkbgVP2sWxry6meQV5ZvzR8wLfLeqtebKTC5ovU-ycePSCdI4iv2oMS6y/w640-h253/Elizabeth+I+-+50%2525+Black+Ad.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="background-color: black; color: white; font-size: large;">Was Shakespeare Gay? What do the sonnets really say?</span></td></tr></tbody></table><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><b><br /></b></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><b>GWP</b>: Those who have followed my
work on Shakespeare's Sonnets know that I do not consider all 17 of
the “Procreation Sonnets” to be to the same person. Those <i>persons</i>
did have to have rank and wealth and a family line to carry on. The
masculine pronoun that begins line 4 does suggest that this
particular sonnet is more likely to Southampton in response to Baron
Burghley's call on all members and retainers of the Cecil & Vere
families to encourage the young earl to marry Elizabeth de Vere as
ordered. (<i><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B00TWPBPP8/">Shakespeare Gay</a></i>, various).</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><b>Walsh</b>: It has been supposed that
these sonnets were actually addressed by Sh. to a Mr. W. H., or to
some friend or patron, with the bonafide intention of persuading him
to marry, although (except for a slight allusion in 9, i, and still
slighter in 8, 6-9) there is not a word in them on the subject of
marriage. It is possible. It is also possible that they are
imaginary.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><b>GWP</b>: 'In
1609, four years after Shake-speare’s death, William Herbert would
allow his initials to appear on the title page of the first edition
of the playwright’s sonnets.... Not only that, but, as the “Onely
begetter” of the sonnets, readers might realize that it was he who
collected the sonnets and provided the manuscripts to Thorpe, the
printer.' (<i><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/1543136257/">EdwardDe Vere was Shake-speare</a></i>,
vii.)</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">The theory that “W. H.” were Henry
Wriothesley's initials reversed in order to avoid ostracism for
being the object of openly gay poems was ridiculous when it was first
put forward in the early 19<sup>th</sup> century and remains so now.
Like everything in the purported Shakespeare bio, it survives because
it has filled-in another of the many excruciating lacunae with a
compelling myth that has satisfied each successive generation
(however much for entirely different reasons).</span></p>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/1543136257/" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><img border="0" data-original-height="872" data-original-width="1380" height="253" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg14Nuro9Y4OeO1CSjTL9VoSGrCf9plBaVYE_Tbs5oDG-4dA_Ao-HYYZdS1-ydAv7IS1x6omyigIDEMvWzuL8YS0xVvgif2B0n9G1xSyg3Dz2opKGg4_GIzU3VRyMmWMzhkEcFv/w400-h253/Folio+Cover+Ad+3.jpg" width="400" /></span></a></div><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><b>Alden</b>: Delius [believes this
group of sonnets to be one of the striking disproofs of the personal
or autobiographical theory of the collection.] In order to persuade a
friend to marry, many kinds of reasons could profitably be urged:...
Of all these and similar grounds with which a man of flesh and blood
might persuade a real friend to marriage, we find in all these
sonnets not one so much as touched upon, and instead of them only
this one argument, discussed even to satiety: You are beautiful, and
must therefore care for the preservation of your beauty through
reproduction,... which could never, in the actual relations of life,
have been seriously advanced by a reasonable man such as we take Sh.
to have been, in order to persuade another — it is to be hoped also
reasonable — man, his friend, to marry. (Jahrb., 91 : 36-37.)</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><b>Whittemore</b>: To see the intended
meaning, we have no need for cryptography or secret codes or cipher
systems and the like; on the contrary, the intended meaning is right
in front of us:...
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br /></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">From most royal children the Queen and
England command heirs,</span></p>
<p><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">So that thereby Elizabeth’s Tudor Rose dynasty will continue...</span></p><p><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br /></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><b>Rendall</b>: Assuming then that the
original order of composition has been preserved, Sonnets §1-104
must belong to the years 1593-1596, and the remaining §105-27
within the framework 1597-1609.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><b>Rendall</b>: Sonnets §1-16 are
addressed to a young nobleman, in 'youth's proud livery” (§2.3),
standing on the threshold of manhood, accomplished, good-looking,
'the world's fresh ornament' (§1.9), to whom the eyes and hearts of
maidens turn with virtuous desire... [31]</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><b>GWP</b>: Again, those who've
followed my work on the Sonnets know that they were clearly ordered
by topic, not chronologically. Nor are they grouped by recipient.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B00X4JUJAU/" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" height="365" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhHYtGM9LRYoPeurn16CxQev5S5I5ICJQc26cChbrYUXIykiq_I7WWssFkP49PqUOyi8bf6twyGdaONemx2jshNYSjJ33xR_WDLETS1rvdQTvHJn37wZh7NH1mRhiy7eH-UCoge/w640-h365/Discovered+Sh+Cover+ad+-+300+dpi.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><b><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Sample commentary by line:</span></b></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span>1-2. <b>Alden</b>: Creighton [compares
this line with 95, 8, which he thinks proves that Sh. knew the friend
by the name of Rose, and is able to connect the name with Pembroke's
courtesy title of " lord Ros of </span><span>Kendal."] (Blackwood, 169: 672 f.)</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><br /></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">9-10. <b>Massey</b>: [Cf. the
Dedication to V. & A., where] the poet hopes that his young
patron may answer to the " world's hopeful expectation." .
. . In both we have Hope a-tiptoe at gaze on this new wonder of youth
and beauty. (p. 48.) Tyler: Expressions suitable in the case of a
youth but just eighteen [i.e., Pembroke].</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br /></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><b>Sources Cited:</b></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br /></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: large;">Alden, Raymond Macdonald. <i>The
Sonnets of Shakespeare from the Quarto of 1609 with variorum readings
and commentary</i> (1916). </span><span style="font-size: large;"><a href="https://archive.org/details/sonnetsfromquart00shakuoft">https://archive.org/details/sonnetsfromquart00shakuoft</a> </span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br /></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span>Delius, N.: "Ueber Sh.'s Sonette", Jahrbuck, 1: 18. </span><span>1865.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Krauss. <i>Shakespeare's
Southampton-Sonette</i>. Deutsch von Fritz Krauss. Leipzig. (1872).</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br /></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span>Lee, </span><span>Sidney</span><span>: <i>A Life of William
Shakespeare </i>(</span><span>1898)</span><span>. Revised editions, 1909 and 1916.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Massey, Gerald. <i>Shakespeare's
Sonnets never before Interpreted</i> (1866).</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a name="productTitle"></a><a name="title"></a>
Purdy, Gilbert Wesley. <i>Was Shakespeare Gay? What Do the Sonnets
Really Say?</i> (2015). <a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B00TWPBPP8/">https://www.amazon.com/dp/B00TWPBPP8/</a>
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a name="productTitle1"></a><a name="title1"></a>
Purdy, Gilbert Wesley. <i>Edward De Vere was Shake-speare: at long
last, the proof</i> (2103, 2017).
<a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/1543136257/">https://www.amazon.com/dp/1543136257/</a>
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Rendall, Gerald H. <i>Personal Clues in
Shakespeare's Poems & Sonnets </i>(1934).</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Walsh, C. M. <i>Shakespeare's Complete
Sonnets</i> (1908). A new arrangement, with an Introduction and Notes
by C. M. Walsh.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Whittemore, Hank. HANK WHITTEMORE'S
SHAKESPEARE BLOG <a href="https://hankwhittemore.com/tag/sonnet-1/">https://hankwhittemore.com/tag/sonnet-1/</a>
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><br /></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span>Each sonnet in this series on the
Sonnets of Shakespeare will begin with a text and selection of
commentary from Raymond Macdonald Alden's </span><i>The Sonnets of
Shakespeare from the Quarto of 1609 with variorum readings and
commentary</i><span> (1916). I will be adding other commentary — my own
included — as it seems to raise a point on the sonnets or the
history of scholarship on the sonnets. Feel free to add other
commentary in the comment section.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p><div style="mso-element: footnote-list;"><div id="ftn2" style="mso-element: footnote;"><div class="MsoFootnoteText"><h4><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: HE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Also at Virtual Grub Street:</span></h4></div></div></div><p><span style="color: black; font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style="color: black; font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></span></p><p></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"></p><p></p><ul style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;"><li><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #202124; font-family: inherit;"><b><a href="https://vgs-pbr-reviews.blogspot.com/2023/08/rocco-bonettis-blackfriars-fencing.html">Rocco Bonetti's Blackfriars Fencing School and Lord Hunsdon's Water Pipe.</a> August 12, 2023. “... the tenement late in the tenure of John Lyllie gentleman & nowe in the tenure of the said Rocho Bonetti...”</b></span></span></li><li><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><p><b><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2023/08/on-shakespeares-lameness-and-historical_5.html">On Shakespeare's lameness and historical-fiction biography, etc.</a> August 5, 2023. <b><span style="font-size: large;">“</span></b>Those who support Sogliardo of Stratford and other authorship candidates generally stop by from time to time to remark...</b><b>”</b></p></span></li><li><b><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2023/04/shakespeare-csi-sir-thomas-more-hand-d.html">Shakespeare CSI: Sir Thomas More, Hand-D.</a> April 22, 2023. “What a glory to have an actual hand-written manuscript from the greatest English writer of all time!”</span></b></li><li><span style="line-height: 18.4px;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><b><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2022/08/robert-greene-and-construction.html">Robert Greene and the Construction Shakespeare Never Used.</a></b><b> August 9, 2022. 'Our first foray “staring intently into” the texts of Robert Greene has noted that his work utilized far fewer feminine endings than Shakespeare’s.'</b></span></span></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><b><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2020/08/a-1572-oxford-letter-and-players-speech.html">A 1572 Oxford Letter and the Player’s Speech in Hamlet.</a> August 11, 2020. “The player’s speech has been a source of consternation among Shakespeare scholars for above 200 years. Why was Aeneas’ tale chosen as the subject?”</span></b></p></li><li><b><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span>Check out the <a href="https://gwponlinebibliography.blogspot.com/p/shakespeare-authorship-article-index.html">S</a></span><a href="https://gwponlinebibliography.blogspot.com/p/shakespeare-authorship-article-index.html">hakespeare Authorship Article Index</a><span> for many more articles and reviews about this fascinating time and about the Shakespeare Authorship Question.</span></span></b></li><li style="margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span><span><b>Check out the </b></span></span><span style="color: #0000ee;"><span><b><u><a href="https://gwponlinebibliography.blogspot.com/2020/12/english-renaissance-letters-index.html">Letters Index: Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford</a></u></b></span></span><span><span><b> for many letters from this fascinating time, some related to the Shakespeare Authorship Question.</b></span></span></span></li></ul><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B096PGF7LM" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><img border="0" data-original-height="623" data-original-width="1500" height="285" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrCl1332a8HzXx1hHggpPtFHoVnvIUpdQ3Z-lSQL6WduTq1AVq1V_12_Kc3rvRk7tbctTBKj8KJiHQuAgL6p97xRwQDbdpgdYo1OsL_ORxsmaH_K2upDl1Bg3drq6cUErR_sQn/w640-h285/Shakespeare+without+Ciphers+Series+1a.jpg" width="640" /></span></a></div><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"></p><p style="break-before: page; line-height: 16px; margin-bottom: 0in; page-break-before: always;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"></span></span></p><p style="break-before: auto; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-right: 0.42in; page-break-before: auto;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-right: 0.01in;"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Gilbert-Wesley-Purdy/e/B00H5A7SLC/" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="703" data-original-width="1600" height="280" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiBznpkxJG5fQbluqZSP4HXUqlJiYEegqgVppIuc8McfB7KT0s4UmI7eN3h5pieypTBxgp4lIbxTZMW2kwrWroitLPhYMeDUmrdT9CI7AzA7xLFET5O7f-uzSSYZtcblUjyeXCP/s640/Book+Page+ad+2.jpg" width="640" /></a></span></span></p><div><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><br /></p>Gilbert Wesley Purdyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02612678869556343487noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10644518.post-7134999121163364272023-10-22T11:31:00.008-04:002023-10-22T11:46:20.899-04:00Titus Andronicus? Titus and Vespasia[n]? Which was it?<p><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><i></i></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><i></i></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><i><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhm0V0jeus8cRXzsk0ejLYu27WyBKyC16-hh-EI5xLL4j-kC820MbWN_TgldEP1TEVnjdQJ1ZvkB6gy4ZvutKkkDFYP0WrMEcbzx1o4dAAYNnrWPndkLeVnFT_Y97BRL_q9x3shGk6TOVYypC7j9W38sfdr98ipXYV0hILst95IMsbW6cmAMXy0/s1812/Titus%20Andronicus%20Composite.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="944" data-original-width="1812" height="167" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhm0V0jeus8cRXzsk0ejLYu27WyBKyC16-hh-EI5xLL4j-kC820MbWN_TgldEP1TEVnjdQJ1ZvkB6gy4ZvutKkkDFYP0WrMEcbzx1o4dAAYNnrWPndkLeVnFT_Y97BRL_q9x3shGk6TOVYypC7j9W38sfdr98ipXYV0hILst95IMsbW6cmAMXy0/s320/Titus%20Andronicus%20Composite.jpg" width="320" /></a></i></span></div><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><i>My </i><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B09WC94FGW">BackWhen Ophelia Jumped Off a Cliff</a><i> (2022)<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="#sdfootnote1sym" name="sdfootnote1anc"><sup>1</sup></a>,
is about a lot more than just Shakespeare's </i>Hamlet<i>.
The following excerpt, for example, points out why the mysterious
entries in Henslowe's dairy, circa 1590, for performances of a play
“Titus and Vespasia[n]” do, indeed, refer to an earlier version
of </i>Titus Andronicus<i>.
An abridged version of the earlier play has been preserved in German
translation.</i></span><p></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Hamlet<i>,
</i>Titus Andronicus<i> the
</i>Commedia dell' Arte<i>:
they all come together, in this study, to give us surprising details
about who exactly William Shakespeare was in 1589. I think it is fair
to say that it is filled with surprising information.</i></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><b>10.</b> In particular,
then, we will inspect the texts of two plays. Primarily <i>Hamlet</i>.
By way of comparison, <i>Titus Andronicus.</i><a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="#sdfootnote2sym" name="sdfootnote2anc"><sup>2</sup></a></span></p><p align="JUSTIFY" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><b style="text-align: left;">11.</b><span style="text-align: left;"> It will, of
course, not be possible to read either as being the actual text by
Shakespeare. But we will be able to juxtapose </span><i style="text-align: left;">Hamlet</i><span style="text-align: left;"> (D) with
other texts and to draw conclusions of greater or lesser probability
through comparison and contrast. We will be able to compare character
names, key words and concepts, the order of scenes, portrayal of
characters, apparent sources, etc.</span></span></p><p align="JUSTIFY" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><b style="text-align: left;">12.</b><span style="text-align: left;">
But there have been those who have flatly declared that nothing at
all can be determined by such comparisons. If we begin with the
character names from the German </span><i style="text-align: left;">Titus</i><span style="text-align: left;">, for example, we
immediately find ourselves in disagreement with Alexander Grossart,
a 19</span><sup style="text-align: left;">th</sup><span style="text-align: left;"> century scholar whom I admire:</span></span></p><p align="JUSTIFY" style="break-before: auto; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.51in; margin-right: 0.42in; page-break-before: auto;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
The mere enumeration of the absent and of the new-introduced
characters prepares us to find that as with the entire collection the
translator… dealt with his originals as he wilfully or stupidly
chose. The introduction of Vespatian is in keeping with his
introduction of other characters. It does not give a shred of reason
for asserting that he found him in Titus Andronicus.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="#sdfootnote3sym" name="sdfootnote3anc"><sup>3</sup></a></span></p><p align="JUSTIFY" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span style="text-align: left;">He admits that “the
successive speeches distinctly echo </span><i style="text-align: left;">Titus Andronicus</i><span style="text-align: left;"> and prove
that our </span><i style="text-align: left;">Titus Andronicus</i><span style="text-align: left;"> was present to the Translator.”
And that is as far as he is prepared to go:</span></span></p><p align="JUSTIFY" style="break-before: auto; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.49in; margin-right: 0.42in; page-break-before: auto;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
the whole thing is a travesty of translation. The Vespasianus is
un-historical and the whole characters are ignorantly confused. Bits
are arbitrarily taken and others are arbitrarily left out. It seems
mere unreason to create another Titus Andronicus out of “Titus and
Vespacia” merely to cover the nakedness of this theory.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="#sdfootnote4sym" name="sdfootnote4anc"><sup>4</sup></a></span></p><p align="JUSTIFY" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">But no one has ever seen
the original from which the translator worked.</span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B09WC94FGW/" style="font-size: medium; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1154" data-original-width="1905" height="243" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjIJbNwa_JRRkScLOLNNISJ0lWCOXXY2XdD3jUoUfM0GrdsA8uQ67CcDjrrUEQ3PjTegxCcTlDxZsk8mZ7O1m26n2u4MUqXSmpdchHjeWoOn_mnBGm2KVVERANDTHHHFSce96PaHcn7QarXknmpM0w-qH3FIB7Otap7yX6yPsGICygfdaF24Q/w400-h243/Ophelia%20Ford%20Maddox%20Brown%20-%20Book%20Cover300%20-ad.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><p align="JUSTIFY" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></span></p><p align="JUSTIFY" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><b style="text-align: left;">13.</b><span style="text-align: left;"> Grossart feels
the need to scare away readers who might be aware that </span><i style="text-align: left;">Titus
Andronicus</i><span style="text-align: left;"> appears to have gone under the name </span><i style="text-align: left;">Titus and
Vespasia(n)</i><span style="text-align: left;"> in the historical record for a time, although the
latter name does not appear as a character in any of the extant
English texts of the play. Yet Vespasian is a major character in the
German version of the play transcribed in Cohn</span><a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="#sdfootnote5sym" name="sdfootnote5anc" style="text-align: left;"><sup>5</sup></a><span style="text-align: left;">.
The title </span><i style="text-align: left;">Titus Andronicus</i><span style="text-align: left;"> only began to replace the earlier
title in January of 1593 when it first appeared in Philip Henslowe's
Diary.</span></span></p><p align="JUSTIFY" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><b style="text-align: left;">14.</b><span style="text-align: left;"> Try as he
might to shoo away attention from this fact, his dismissal is beneath
his dignity as a supposedly unbiased scholar. The many listings of
</span><i style="text-align: left;">Titus and Vespasia(n)</i><span style="text-align: left;"> in the early 1590s had been historically
without explanation — a mystery to scholars. That a Vespasian
appears in the German play is profoundly evidentiary. But it
threatens to take Grossart’s personal theories in directions the
implications of which he cannot foresee. It is clear that his
reaction in this particular is a largely emotional one.</span></span></p><p align="JUSTIFY" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><b style="text-align: left;">15.</b><span style="text-align: left;"> There are two
scholarly types that historically have persistently dismissed any
attempt to garner information from the German plays. First, there are
those who fear that their pet theories about the texts of Shakespeare
will be challenged based upon information alleged to be contained in
the German texts. Second, are those who simply have no intention of
adding yet another series of texts to their reading lists and
simplify the matter by dismissing them out of hand. Grossart belongs
to the former.</span></span></p><p align="JUSTIFY" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><b style="text-align: left;">16.</b><span style="text-align: left;"> But Grossart’s
worries did not end there as he would have discovered had he
soldiered on. He gives the </span><i style="text-align: left;">dramatis personae</i><span style="text-align: left;"> for the German
and the English </span><i style="text-align: left;">Titus</i><span style="text-align: left;">:</span></span></p><p align="JUSTIFY" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p><table border="1" bordercolor="#000000" cellpadding="7" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%;">
<colgroup><col width="128*"></col>
<col width="128*"></col>
</colgroup><tbody><tr valign="TOP">
<td width="50%">
<p align="CENTER"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">German <i>Titus</i></span></p>
</td>
<td width="50%">
<p align="CENTER"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">English <i>Titus</i></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="50%">
<p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
</td>
<td width="50%">
<p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="50%">
<p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">The Roman Emperor.</span></p>
</td>
<td width="50%">
<p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Saturnius, son to the late Emperor of Rome, and
afterwards declared Emperor.</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="50%">
<p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
</td>
<td width="50%">
<p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="50%">
<p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Andronicus</span></p>
</td>
<td width="50%">
<p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Andronicus</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="50%">
<p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
</td>
<td width="50%">
<p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="50%">
<p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Andronica.</span></p>
</td>
<td width="50%">
<p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Lavinia, daughter of Titus Andronicus.</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="50%">
<p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
</td>
<td width="50%">
<p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="50%">
<p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Consort of Andronica</span></p>
</td>
<td width="50%">
<p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Bassianus, brother to Saturnius, in love with
Lavinia.</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="50%">
<p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
</td>
<td width="50%">
<p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="50%">
<p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Aetiopissa, Queen of Ethiopia, Empress.</span></p>
</td>
<td width="50%">
<p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Tamora, Queen of the Goths.</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="50%">
<p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
</td>
<td width="50%">
<p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="50%">
<p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Morian, a Moor beloved of Aetiopissa.</span></p>
</td>
<td width="50%">
<p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Aaron, a Moor beloved of Tamora.</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="50%">
<p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
</td>
<td width="50%">
<p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="50%">
<p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Vespasian, son of Titus Andronicus</span></p>
</td>
<td width="50%">
<p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span lang="es-ES">Lucius</span>, son of Titus</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="50%">
<p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
</td>
<td width="50%">
<p align="JUSTIFY" lang="es-ES"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="50%">
<p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
</td>
<td width="50%">
<p align="JUSTIFY"><span lang="es-ES"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Quintus, son of Titus</span></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="50%">
<p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
</td>
<td width="50%">
<p align="JUSTIFY" lang="es-ES"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="50%">
<p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
</td>
<td width="50%">
<p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Martius, son of Titus</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="50%">
<p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
</td>
<td width="50%">
<p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="50%">
<p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
</td>
<td width="50%">
<p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Mutius, son of Titus</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="50%">
<p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
</td>
<td width="50%">
<p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="50%">
<p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
</td>
<td width="50%">
<p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Young Lucius, a boy, son to Lucius.</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table><p align="JUSTIFY" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B096L2KPR4" style="font-size: medium; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="351" data-original-width="871" height="258" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgELC6TGFWltwwg_mrsN-nFY1NJ9y9AZ8R0FCfMs_DizQ7GSZ3NNJQx3ou_P5Kb4IGLP1K3_vMCnK3a8EFqsqCbitDuVuPzJDDr-UqKRkHYh6Ao1eONEbckZ9eIz5s_D3mbtFf4/w640-h258/In-Progress+Ad.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><p align="JUSTIFY" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
</span></p><p align="JUSTIFY" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><br /></p><table border="1" bordercolor="#000000" cellpadding="7" cellspacing="0" style="width: 586px;">
<colgroup><col width="278"></col>
<col width="278"></col>
</colgroup><tbody><tr valign="TOP">
<td width="278">
<p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Helicates, eldest son of Aetiopissa.</span></p>
</td>
<td width="278">
<p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Alarbus, eldest son of Tamora</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="278">
<p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
</td>
<td width="278">
<p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="278">
<p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Saphonicus, second son of Aetiopissa.</span></p>
</td>
<td width="278">
<p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Demetrius, son of Tamora</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="278">
<p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
</td>
<td width="278">
<p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="278">
<p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
</td>
<td width="278">
<p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Chiron, son of Tamora</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="278">
<p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
</td>
<td width="278">
<p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="278">
<p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Victoriades, brother of Titus Andronicus.</span></p>
</td>
<td width="278">
<p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Marcus Andronicus, tribune of the people and
brother to Titus.</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="278">
<p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
</td>
<td width="278">
<p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="278">
<p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
</td>
<td width="278">
<p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Publius, son to Marcus Andronicus.</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="278">
<p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
</td>
<td width="278">
<p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="278">
<p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
</td>
<td width="278">
<p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Aemilius, a noble Roman</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="278">
<p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
</td>
<td width="278">
<p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="278">
<p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Messenger.</span></p>
</td>
<td width="278">
<p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">A captain, tribune, messenger, and clown.</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="278">
<p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
</td>
<td width="278">
<p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="278">
<p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">White Guards.</span></p>
</td>
<td width="278">
<p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Romans and Goths.</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="278">
<p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
</td>
<td width="278">
<p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="278">
<p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
</td>
<td width="278">
<p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="278">
<p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">A midwife and a black child.</span></p>
</td>
<td width="278">
<p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">A nurse and a black child.</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="278">
<p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
</td>
<td width="278">
<p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="278">
<p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
</td>
<td width="278">
<p align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Senators, tribunes, officers, soldiers and
attendants.</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table><p align="JUSTIFY" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">There proves to be a
great deal of information to be gathered with this roster as a
starting point. In part, because all of the characters’ names,
except Titus Andronicus, are different between the plays.</span></span></p><p align="JUSTIFY" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p><p align="JUSTIFY" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p><p align="JUSTIFY" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p><div id="sdfootnote1">
<p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="#sdfootnote1anc" name="sdfootnote1sym">1</a> Purdy,
Gilbert Wesley. <i>Back When Ophelia Jumped Off a Cliff: The Hamlet
of 1589</i> (2022). https://www.amazon.com/dp/B09WC94FGW</span></p>
</div><div id="sdfootnote2">
<p style="break-before: page; line-height: 100%; margin-bottom: 0in; page-break-before: always;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="#sdfootnote2anc" name="sdfootnote2sym">2</a> Eine sehr klägliche Tragaedia von Tito Andronico und der
hoffertigen Kayserin, darinnen denckwürdige actiones zu befinden. A
Most Lamentable Tragedy of Titus Andronicus and the Haughty Empress,
Wherein are Found Memorable Events.</span></p>
</div><div id="sdfootnote3">
<p style="break-before: page; line-height: 100%; margin-bottom: 0in; page-break-before: always;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="#sdfootnote3anc" name="sdfootnote3sym">3</a> Grossart, Alexander. “Was Robert Greene substantially the author
of Titus Andronicus?” Englische Studien: Organ für englische
philology (1896). 389-436@397.</span></p>
</div><div id="sdfootnote4">
<p style="break-before: page; line-height: 100%; margin-bottom: 0in; page-break-before: always;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="#sdfootnote4anc" name="sdfootnote4sym">4</a> Ibid. 398.</span></p>
</div><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
</p><div id="sdfootnote5">
<p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="#sdfootnote5anc" name="sdfootnote5sym">5</a> Cohn,
Albert. <i>Shakespeare in Germany in the sixteenth and Seventeenth
Century</i> (1865).</span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br /></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/1543136257/"><img border="0" data-original-height="872" data-original-width="1380" height="253" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg14Nuro9Y4OeO1CSjTL9VoSGrCf9plBaVYE_Tbs5oDG-4dA_Ao-HYYZdS1-ydAv7IS1x6omyigIDEMvWzuL8YS0xVvgif2B0n9G1xSyg3Dz2opKGg4_GIzU3VRyMmWMzhkEcFv/w400-h253/Folio+Cover+Ad+3.jpg" width="400" /></a></span></div><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><div style="mso-element: footnote-list;"><div id="ftn2" style="mso-element: footnote;"><div class="MsoFootnoteText"><h4><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: HE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Also at Virtual Grub Street:</span></h4></div></div></div><p><span style="color: black; font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style="color: black; font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></span></p><p></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"></p><p></p><ul style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;"><li><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #202124; font-family: inherit;"><b><a href="https://vgs-pbr-reviews.blogspot.com/2023/08/rocco-bonettis-blackfriars-fencing.html">Rocco Bonetti's Blackfriars Fencing School and Lord Hunsdon's Water Pipe.</a> August 12, 2023. “... the tenement late in the tenure of John Lyllie gentleman & nowe in the tenure of the said Rocho Bonetti...”</b></span></span></li><li><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><p><b><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2023/08/on-shakespeares-lameness-and-historical_5.html">On Shakespeare's lameness and historical-fiction biography, etc.</a> August 5, 2023. <b><span style="font-size: large;">“</span></b>Those who support Sogliardo of Stratford and other authorship candidates generally stop by from time to time to remark...</b><b>”</b></p></span></li><li><b style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: large;"><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2023/04/shakespeare-csi-sir-thomas-more-hand-d.html">Shakespeare CSI: Sir Thomas More, Hand-D.</a> April 22, 2023. “What a glory to have an actual hand-written manuscript from the greatest English writer of all time!”</span></b></li><li><span style="line-height: 18.4px;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><b><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2022/08/robert-greene-and-construction.html">Robert Greene and the Construction Shakespeare Never Used.</a></b><b> August 9, 2022. 'Our first foray “staring intently into” the texts of Robert Greene has noted that his work utilized far fewer feminine endings than Shakespeare’s.'</b></span></span></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><b><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2020/08/a-1572-oxford-letter-and-players-speech.html">A 1572 Oxford Letter and the Player’s Speech in Hamlet.</a> August 11, 2020. “The player’s speech has been a source of consternation among Shakespeare scholars for above 200 years. Why was Aeneas’ tale chosen as the subject?”</span></b></p></li><li><b><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span>Check out the <a href="https://gwponlinebibliography.blogspot.com/p/shakespeare-authorship-article-index.html">S</a></span><a href="https://gwponlinebibliography.blogspot.com/p/shakespeare-authorship-article-index.html">hakespeare Authorship Article Index</a><span> for many more articles and reviews about this fascinating time and about the Shakespeare Authorship Question.</span></span></b></li><li style="margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span><span><b>Check out the </b></span></span><span style="color: #0000ee;"><span><b><u><a href="https://gwponlinebibliography.blogspot.com/2020/12/english-renaissance-letters-index.html">Letters Index: Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford</a></u></b></span></span><span><span><b> for many letters from this fascinating time, some related to the Shakespeare Authorship Question.</b></span></span></span></li></ul><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B096PGF7LM" style="font-size: x-large; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="623" data-original-width="1500" height="285" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrCl1332a8HzXx1hHggpPtFHoVnvIUpdQ3Z-lSQL6WduTq1AVq1V_12_Kc3rvRk7tbctTBKj8KJiHQuAgL6p97xRwQDbdpgdYo1OsL_ORxsmaH_K2upDl1Bg3drq6cUErR_sQn/w640-h285/Shakespeare+without+Ciphers+Series+1a.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"></p><p style="break-before: page; line-height: 16px; margin-bottom: 0in; page-break-before: always;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"></span></span></p><p style="break-before: auto; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-right: 0.42in; page-break-before: auto;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-right: 0.01in;"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Gilbert-Wesley-Purdy/e/B00H5A7SLC/" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="703" data-original-width="1600" height="280" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiBznpkxJG5fQbluqZSP4HXUqlJiYEegqgVppIuc8McfB7KT0s4UmI7eN3h5pieypTBxgp4lIbxTZMW2kwrWroitLPhYMeDUmrdT9CI7AzA7xLFET5O7f-uzSSYZtcblUjyeXCP/s640/Book+Page+ad+2.jpg" width="640" /></a></span></span></p><div><span><br /></span></div>
</div><div id="sdfootnote5">
</div><div id="sdfootnote5">
</div>Gilbert Wesley Purdyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02612678869556343487noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10644518.post-59039567797968044752023-10-15T09:06:00.010-04:002023-10-15T09:13:52.731-04:00M.M. Does not “buy it... How would Collier have put it in?”<p><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiRmKih-smRJRUhENy3wx1FMv5MU3uyUgW3yMaN-pvu5N7PCZsrTf1zENLaGeAPStsKlUBqUuXhH-K0lxTWjoRoNRyHftBI2pipmUUKxvtm795osRM6vnCUjImsxoXYNjZZuoiGYtbPKYxjJlADM9-061LCTr5Hxnu2tkPd9-UJpNcTiGCS5RrD/s1426/Thomas%20More%20folio%209a.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="778" data-original-width="1426" height="175" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiRmKih-smRJRUhENy3wx1FMv5MU3uyUgW3yMaN-pvu5N7PCZsrTf1zENLaGeAPStsKlUBqUuXhH-K0lxTWjoRoNRyHftBI2pipmUUKxvtm795osRM6vnCUjImsxoXYNjZZuoiGYtbPKYxjJlADM9-061LCTr5Hxnu2tkPd9-UJpNcTiGCS5RrD/s320/Thomas%20More%20folio%209a.jpg" width="320" /></a></span></div><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">M.M. on my position that the
great Shakespeare forger John Payne Collier wrote the Hand-D portion
of the Elizabethan play, <i>Sir Thomas More:</i></span><p></p>
<p style="break-before: auto; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.52in; margin-right: 0.42in; page-break-before: auto;">
<span lang="en"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">"<a href="https://www.facebook.com/groups/152168435592240/posts/1437315410410863/?comment_id=1439312843544453&reply_comment_id=1562949654514104&__cft__[0]=AZUILoZMmRQZV7hXZasqlRmJtbZ_iBBavCpQe0Uufv_MXgiXKQirVLar_gz1KBIlOf-rAuhIbs6tRMZZNbQIpqLOjS9AiOkQNTPJ6rpYxA_OlwKBdVpuwV8xC5zzS7cI7-QvIdBTzQbVyW9wX4qwL8ptDsVnAlsUhO66COVlxtNhmYsbhFZ16lVbS1ER8QxWw0o&__tn__=R]-R">I don't buy it because it's in the middle of
authenticated text. How would Collier have put it in? It's just not
possible. I also don't buy that computers make it so that Hand D
matches Shaksper's signatures. It's too small a sample.</a>"</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: large;">As for her point vis-a-vis computer
analysis, she seems to have misunderstood me. My point was that
Strats sometimes make ridiculous claims for computer analysis.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">As for the forgery being “</span><span lang="en" style="font-family: inherit;">in
the middle of authenticated text,” it would appear that she doesn't
understand that the text is a manuscript. The play </span><span lang="en" style="font-family: inherit;"><i>Sir
Thomas Moore</i></span><span lang="en" style="font-family: inherit;"> was acquired for the Harleian
collection in 1727.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="#sdfootnote1sym" name="sdfootnote1anc"><sup>1</sup></a></span></span></p>
<p style="break-before: auto; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.51in; margin-right: 0.42in; page-break-before: auto;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
Jan. 17 (Wed.). On the I2th of Oct. last Mr. Murray lent me a thin
folio Paper MS. done or sowed [sic] up in a Vellum Cover; on wch it
is intitled, The Booke of Sir Thomas Moore. This I have read over. It
is wrote in the nature of a Play or Interlude, soon after his death I
believe. Tho' it appears from thence plainly, what a great, wise,
good, and charitable man Sir Thomas was, yet there is no particular
of History in it, but what we know already. It is the original, being
in many places strangely scored & in others so altered that 'tis
hard to make some things out.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="#sdfootnote2sym" name="sdfootnote2anc"><sup>2</sup></a>
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: large;">The Mr. Murray was Alexander Murray,
book scout (as I recall) for Robert Harley, the Earl of Oxford.
Murray would have lent the book, upon request, for the distinguished
antiquarian to copy for one or more his subscribers.</span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B08LLDM91P" style="font-size: medium; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1712" height="280" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzWW5E_En45tcltm2y7EQPyOwQ36yYx1IrgjHfpJMWIAnU73kUHwSEKcc9CQtN8CvY0oQrZwwKPc8UuDkxLW6KFyLqxXse3CwEade-CNJ1yNVzeGlD0oGD4Lwe8Z40kLatWmXo/w400-h280/Parolles.+Cover+1+Framed+50%2525+ad.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: large;"></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: large;">The manuscript pages were sewn
together, then, and that arrangement likely remained until the thread
was no longer up to its task. It consisted of individual sheets of
paper.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: large;">The next record was a mere listing in
the 1759 manuscript catalogue.</span></span></p>
<p style="break-before: auto; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.43in; page-break-before: auto;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
7368 A Comedie of Sr Thomas More<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="#sdfootnote3sym" name="sdfootnote3anc"><sup>3</sup></a></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">It follows “7367 The Humorous Lovers,
a Comedy”. No indication is given how 7368 is bound — or </span><i style="font-family: inherit;">if</i><span style="font-family: inherit;">
it is. We mention 7387 because it will show up in the 1808 Harleian
Catalogue</span><a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="#sdfootnote4sym" name="sdfootnote4anc" style="font-family: inherit;"><sup>4</sup></a><span style="font-family: inherit;">
as bound together with 7368 and 5152.</span></span></p>
<p style="break-before: auto; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.42in; page-break-before: auto;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
7367.7368-
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.42in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
The Humorous Lovers, a Comedy. Signed in the Title, “ W. B."
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.42in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
A Tragedy on the History of Sr.Thomas More. These two are bound
together, with No 5152.
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: large;">5152 is described as 'An unpublished
Play in Prose, mixed with Rhyme, entitled, “A new Comedye called
the Whimsyes of Senor Hidalgo, or the Masculine Bride.”' Just why
this combination was considered appropriate who can say?</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">But what we can say is that our 7368 is
no longer bound by thread. The loose sheets have been unbound and
rebound. What we can also say is that John Payne Collier did not
mention that Sir Thomas More was bound together with any other
manuscripts in his 1831 </span><i style="font-family: inherit;">History of English Dramatic Poetry</i><span style="font-family: inherit;"> in
which he announced he had discovered it. This is not necessarily
indicative. He had no concern with the other works.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">What is particularly interesting,
however, is that none of the many quotations he took from the work
came from Hand-D. Nor did he give notice that that section was
dripping with markedly Shakespearean phrases. He said nothing about
it at all. True, Collier was a forger, at every opportunity, but he
was also a highly capable Shakespeare scholar. It was almost as if
Hand-D didn't even exist</span><i style="font-family: inherit;"> </i><span style="font-family: inherit;">when
his text went to the printer</span><span style="font-family: inherit;">.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: large;">Neither did Alexander Dyce indicate
that the play was still bundled when he inspected it for his 1844
edition. The almost total absence of critical machinery is highly
unusual for him. He had already distanced himself from Collier. The
little he said in his preface vaguely hinted at problems with the
text that Collier had introduced to the world.</span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B07JD7KM1T" style="font-size: medium; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="543" data-original-width="580" height="373" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgvVgFF0FQ9otnlaxK73IirYZtup0oCIY3aNnzbGh8N5MehEz2_0N57JIozAs_wU5EtfAaPI0v0NuNMz9Q6bWlEkt8Plyxy-Ym_4-1Z_E-hwU6Yv0kXe7YOgVYxVvb_Mjw_vZ72/w400-h373/Hector+brought+back+to+Troy+Ad+1b1+-+50%2525.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: large;"></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: large;">Already there was murmuring behind
closed doors. The official position at that point was that it was
unfortunate that so many of Collier's discoveries were proving to be
the work of forgers in the final analysis. Still, Elizabethan
scholars did not publicly accuse their fellows until they finally
went so far as he would, in the end, go.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Back to what we can say with certainty.
By 1911, the towering scholar W. W. Greg issued a scholarly edition
of </span><i style="font-family: inherit;">Sir Thomas More</i><span style="font-family: inherit;"> in which he informed that world that the
manuscript was not bound at all but kept loose in its vellum sleeve.
He could not say with confidence when it ceased to be bundled or
bound.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: large;">Greg was normally precise in his
observations but drew no conclusions. There were considerable
inconsistencies. He would say no more. The fellowship as a whole
would take the position that the evidence was insufficient to declare
Hand-D to be the work of Shakespeare.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">So then, the manuscript play </span><i style="font-family: inherit;">Sir
Thomas More</i><span style="font-family: inherit;"> consists of individual sheets of paper. Because the
sheets could not be expected, under the circumstance, to have
consistent watermarks or quality they were a particular gift to a
forger. Any period paper would serve and would be untraceable. John
Payne Collier was acknowledged to be an exceptional penman in
secretary hand. We know, in retrospect, that he was able to vary it
to represent different purported authors but that his favorite was
Shakespeare.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: large;">At some point between 1808 and 1911
(probably between 1808 and the first published edition in 1844), the
manuscript of the play had been unbound. How often, by whom and for
how long, we do not know. John Payne Collier had continuous access to
it, without supervision, at least from 1830 to 1844 when Dyce's
edition informs us that Hand-D was in place and read as it does now.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><br /></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><br /></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<div id="sdfootnote1">
<h1 class="western"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="#sdfootnote1anc" name="sdfootnote1sym">1</a><span style="color: #333333;"><span style="font-style: normal;"><b>
</b></span></span><span style="color: #333333;"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">Gabrieli
and Melchiori</span></span></span><span style="color: #333333;"><span style="font-style: normal;"><b>.
</b></span></span><span style="color: #333333;"><i><span style="font-weight: normal;">Sir
Thomas More: By Anthony Munday and Others</span></i></span><span style="color: #333333;"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">
(1990). 1.</span></span></span></span></h1>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote2">
<p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="#sdfootnote2anc" name="sdfootnote2sym">2</a>
Slater, H. E. <span style="color: black;"><i><span style="font-weight: normal;">Hearne's
Remarks and Collections Vol. IX. </span></i></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">(1914)
392-3.</span></span></span></span></p>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote3">
<p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="#sdfootnote3anc" name="sdfootnote3sym">3</a>
<i>A catalogue of
the Harleian collection of manuscripts, purchased by authority of
Parliament</i>,...
1759: Vol 2. No page numbers. 832.</span></p>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote4">
<p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="#sdfootnote4anc" name="sdfootnote4sym">4</a>
<i>A catalogue of Harleian manuscripts in the British museum</i>
(1808). III.528.</span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br /></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B00TWPBPP8/" style="font-size: medium; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="500" data-original-width="1252" height="252" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzxE2yZa7xOO6cItikV0wLJj3lYdjV7cdOUFavwD9AyzFWfZSdvwYm2Rl3WlhGqtKHRVZAPbwjsz1fkbgVP2sWxry6meQV5ZvzR8wLfLeqtebKTC5ovU-ycePSCdI4iv2oMS6y/s640/Elizabeth+I+-+50%2525+Black+Ad.jpg" width="640" /></a></span></p><div style="mso-element: footnote-list;"><div id="ftn2" style="mso-element: footnote;"><div class="MsoFootnoteText"><h4><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: HE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Also at Virtual Grub Street:</span></h4></div></div></div><p><span style="color: black; font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style="color: black; font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></span></p><p></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"></p><p></p><ul style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;"><li><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #202124; font-family: inherit;"><b><a href="https://vgs-pbr-reviews.blogspot.com/2023/08/rocco-bonettis-blackfriars-fencing.html">Rocco Bonetti's Blackfriars Fencing School and Lord Hunsdon's Water Pipe.</a> August 12, 2023. “... the tenement late in the tenure of John Lyllie gentleman & nowe in the tenure of the said Rocho Bonetti...”</b></span></span></li><li><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><p><b><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2023/08/on-shakespeares-lameness-and-historical_5.html">On Shakespeare's lameness and historical-fiction biography, etc.</a> August 5, 2023. <b><span style="font-size: large;">“</span></b>Those who support Sogliardo of Stratford and other authorship candidates generally stop by from time to time to remark...</b><b>”</b></p></span></li><li><b style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: large;"><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2023/04/shakespeare-csi-sir-thomas-more-hand-d.html">Shakespeare CSI: Sir Thomas More, Hand-D.</a> April 22, 2023. “What a glory to have an actual hand-written manuscript from the greatest English writer of all time!”</span></b></li><li><span style="line-height: 18.4px;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><b><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2022/08/robert-greene-and-construction.html">Robert Greene and the Construction Shakespeare Never Used.</a></b><b> August 9, 2022. 'Our first foray “staring intently into” the texts of Robert Greene has noted that his work utilized far fewer feminine endings than Shakespeare’s.'</b></span></span></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><b><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2020/08/a-1572-oxford-letter-and-players-speech.html">A 1572 Oxford Letter and the Player’s Speech in Hamlet.</a> August 11, 2020. “The player’s speech has been a source of consternation among Shakespeare scholars for above 200 years. Why was Aeneas’ tale chosen as the subject?”</span></b></p></li><li><b><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span>Check out the <a href="https://gwponlinebibliography.blogspot.com/p/shakespeare-authorship-article-index.html">S</a></span><a href="https://gwponlinebibliography.blogspot.com/p/shakespeare-authorship-article-index.html">hakespeare Authorship Article Index</a><span> for many more articles and reviews about this fascinating time and about the Shakespeare Authorship Question.</span></span></b></li><li style="margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span><span><b>Check out the </b></span></span><span style="color: #0000ee;"><span><b><u><a href="https://gwponlinebibliography.blogspot.com/2020/12/english-renaissance-letters-index.html">Letters Index: Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford</a></u></b></span></span><span><span><b> for many letters from this fascinating time, some related to the Shakespeare Authorship Question.</b></span></span></span></li></ul><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B077LVLXY2/" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1015" data-original-width="1499" height="432" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh2NRwMzgfT-RfMm62wNJUu1wMteQ61N-2FBxGk-UsrnTXW5Ess1sln8ghIlFzhyyhjwSXv84gu1J-8nYTTmCxGfjaaPhGPye49INSfkhVQd6iaKXptMAmMIC80QpdCIdoVz0qj/w640-h432/Falstaff+cover+ad+1.jpg" width="640" /></a></span></p><p style="break-before: page; line-height: 16px; margin-bottom: 0in; page-break-before: always;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"></span></span></p><p style="break-before: auto; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-right: 0.42in; page-break-before: auto;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-right: 0.01in;"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Gilbert-Wesley-Purdy/e/B00H5A7SLC/" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="703" data-original-width="1600" height="280" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiBznpkxJG5fQbluqZSP4HXUqlJiYEegqgVppIuc8McfB7KT0s4UmI7eN3h5pieypTBxgp4lIbxTZMW2kwrWroitLPhYMeDUmrdT9CI7AzA7xLFET5O7f-uzSSYZtcblUjyeXCP/s640/Book+Page+ad+2.jpg" width="640" /></a></span></span></p><div><span><br /></span></div>
</div>Gilbert Wesley Purdyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02612678869556343487noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10644518.post-11877517160806679202023-10-15T08:12:00.005-04:002023-10-15T08:30:15.981-04:00Richard Martin as Ben Jonson's Lawyer.<p><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhvJ10lvOheRYApP6DqE2_urpLu46dtSgCo8R1K6p5R7YfMSGbcnGcY4_ZQc8hkoN5u051ufAJd6rhwEarHC7vV1RsqlEL1-8u7uVywYqSSRGt2CNuZU3hCWaG9kySKpX73CFGeGDysqJE9OYiVqXvbOrL6Knbdmx89wryTQYulOfDp4mHRdQea/s1469/Poetaster%20title%20page%20+%20Richard%20Martin.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="804" data-original-width="1469" height="175" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhvJ10lvOheRYApP6DqE2_urpLu46dtSgCo8R1K6p5R7YfMSGbcnGcY4_ZQc8hkoN5u051ufAJd6rhwEarHC7vV1RsqlEL1-8u7uVywYqSSRGt2CNuZU3hCWaG9kySKpX73CFGeGDysqJE9OYiVqXvbOrL6Knbdmx89wryTQYulOfDp4mHRdQea/s320/Poetaster%20title%20page%20+%20Richard%20Martin.jpg" width="320" /></a></span></div><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">In this series:</span><p></p>
<ul>
<li><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2022/04/a-history-that-begins-with-poet-john.html">A History that Begins with the Poet John Davies and “the Bastinado”.</a></span></p>
</li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Richard Martin as Ben Jonson's
Lawyer.</span></p>
</li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Edward de Vere as Shakespeare in
Ben Jonson's <i>Poetaster</i><span style="font-style: normal;">
(pending)</span></span></p>
</li></ul>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">On 9 Feb., 1597-8, <a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2022/04/a-history-that-begins-with-poet-john.html">when last we stopped in at the Middle Temple</a>, John Davies had beaten Richard Martin over
the head with a bastinado, in respect of having felt the sting of the
latter's famous wit, and been “expelled never to return.” Some
four years later, on 30 Oct., 1601 , he was “restored” after “He
pronounced his submission All Saints' Day at the Cup-board in the
Hall, immediately before dinner,...” and he apologized to Martin.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: large;">We took the opportunity, then, to
introduce Davies who is something of a famous 17th century poet. Now
we turn to Martin who, while less well known that Davies, also
appears to effect in the historical record. According to Hutchinson's
Temple biography:</span></span></p>
<p style="break-before: auto; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.42in; page-break-before: auto;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
MARTIN, RICHARD. 1570—1618.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.42in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
Admitted 7 November, 1587.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.42in;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Son and heir of William Martin of Exeter. Born at Otterton, Devon, in
1570. At Oxford, where he was educated, he was noted as a "
disputant." He seems to have carried his propensity and ability
in this way with him to the Temple, for in 1591 he was temporarily
expelled from the Society for exciting a riot. To his indulgence in
raillery and invective may probably be attributed a violent attack
upon him in the Middle Temple Hall by his fellow barrister. Sir John
Davies (q.v.), for which offence the latter was expelled from the
Society and disbarred... In 1601 he was returned member for
Barnstaple, called to the Bar in 1602, and from 1604 to 1611
represented Christchurch. In 1612-3 he organized a Masque in the Hall
in honour of the Princess Elizabeth's marriage, and was Lent Reader
in 1615. In 1618 he became Recorder of London, but died 31 Oct. of
the same year, and was buried in the Temple Church. He was a friend
of Selden and Ben Jonson. He was admitted to the Temple from New
Inn.</span><a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="#sdfootnote1sym" name="sdfootnote1anc" style="font-family: inherit;"><sup>1</sup></a></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: large;">Regardless that most of his life was
likely taking place outside of the Temple from the time he was
elected to parliament, he was certainly taking the prerogative of
continuing to occupy his rooms and receive his meals there. This is
confirmed by the fact that he served as “reader” during at least
one holiday period in 1615.</span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B096L2KPR4" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="351" data-original-width="871" height="258" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgELC6TGFWltwwg_mrsN-nFY1NJ9y9AZ8R0FCfMs_DizQ7GSZ3NNJQx3ou_P5Kb4IGLP1K3_vMCnK3a8EFqsqCbitDuVuPzJDDr-UqKRkHYh6Ao1eONEbckZ9eIz5s_D3mbtFf4/w640-h258/In-Progress+Ad.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: large;"></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: large;">Outside of the Temple Martin had a
reputation, duly earned, of being a hail-fellow-well-met type. He was
a witty and highly entertaining friend and drinking partner. Even
when his genuinely grieving friend Hugh Holland wrote an epitaph upon
him he could not help including</span></span></p>
<p style="break-before: auto; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.51in; margin-right: 0.42in; page-break-before: auto;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
Oriens cadente sole, sol ortu cadens<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="#sdfootnote2sym" name="sdfootnote2anc"><sup>2</sup></a></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: large;">Surely he smiled as he wrote it knowing
the Martin would have gotten a laugh out of it.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Another encomium appeared in 1616
written by a far more famous figure than Holland. The Jonson First
Folio edition of the play </span><i style="font-family: inherit;">Poetaster</i><span style="font-family: inherit;"> included the following
dedication.</span></span></p>
<p style="break-before: auto; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.52in; margin-right: 0.43in; page-break-before: auto;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
TO THE</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.52in; margin-right: 0.43in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
VIRTUOUS, AND MY WORTHY FRIEND,</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.52in; margin-right: 0.43in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
MR. RICHARD MARTIN.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.52in; margin-right: 0.43in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
SIR,</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.52in; margin-right: 0.43in;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: large;">A THANKFUL man owes a courtesy ever; the unthankful but when he needs
it. To make mine own mark appear, and shew by which of these seals 1
am known, I send you this piece of what may live of mine; for whose
innocence, as for the author's, you were once a noble and timely
undertaker to the greatest justice of this kingdom.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">The original </span><i style="font-family: inherit;">Poetaster</i><span style="font-family: inherit;"> first
played in 1601. Jonson, always the diligent self-promoter, had a
quarto of the play published in 1602, before a legal complaint that
had been filed was resolved.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: large;">History remembers one product in it of
Jonson's wit in particular. In it appeared the lines:</span></span></p>
<p style="break-before: auto; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.51in; margin-right: 0.41in; page-break-before: auto;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><i>Horace</i>. Aye. Please it great Caesar, I have pills about me
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.51in; margin-right: 0.41in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
(Mixt with the whitest kind of ellebore)
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.51in; margin-right: 0.41in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
Would give him a light vomit; that should purge
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.51in; margin-right: 0.41in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
His braine, and stomack of those tumorous heates:
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.51in; margin-right: 0.41in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
Might I have leave to minister unto him.
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: large;">The joke is that, after taking the pills, the character Crispinus
(who represents the poet and playwright John Marston), will
regurgitate the ridiculous words to which he is so attached in his
works. The pills begin to take effect:</span></span></p>
<p style="break-before: auto; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.51in; margin-right: 0.43in; page-break-before: auto;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><i>Crispinus</i>. O—barmy froth—</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.51in; margin-right: 0.43in;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><i>Caesar</i>. What’s that?
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.51in; margin-right: 0.43in;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><i>Cris</i>. —Puffy—inflate—turgidous—ventositous.
</span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">This goes on with many more </span><i style="font-family: inherit;">turgidous</i><span style="font-family: inherit;"> words brought up
directly out of the works of Marston.</span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">The joke seems to have succeeded and been turned on Jonson
himself. Shortly after Jonson penned it the following rejoinder
appeared in the anonymous play </span><i style="font-family: inherit;">Return from Parnassus</i><span style="font-family: inherit;">.</span></span></p>
<p style="break-before: auto; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.51in; margin-right: 0.41in; page-break-before: auto;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
O that Ben Ionson is a pestilent fellow, he brought up Horace giving
the Poets a pill, but our fellow Shakespeare hath given him a purge
that made him beray his credit<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="#sdfootnote3sym" name="sdfootnote3anc"><sup>3</sup></a></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Many guesses have been put forward as to what "purge" Shakespeare
gave his fellow. In my </span><i style="font-family: inherit;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/1543136257/">Edward de Vere was Shakespeare: at long last the proof</a></i><span style="font-family: inherit;"> I have pointed out that Jonson was called before a
magistrate to answer the charge of libelous material in his play.</span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/1543136257/" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="872" data-original-width="1380" height="253" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg14Nuro9Y4OeO1CSjTL9VoSGrCf9plBaVYE_Tbs5oDG-4dA_Ao-HYYZdS1-ydAv7IS1x6omyigIDEMvWzuL8YS0xVvgif2B0n9G1xSyg3Dz2opKGg4_GIzU3VRyMmWMzhkEcFv/w400-h253/Folio+Cover+Ad+3.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"></span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Sometime before the 1616 folio edition of the play Jonson added a
long dialogue intended to rebut the accusation to his public — in
particular, to the friends he so carefully cultivated among the
nobility. First we learn what </span><i style="font-family: inherit;">they</i><span style="font-family: inherit;"> (his common detractors) say
thus avoiding any statement of the actual charge.</span></span></p>
<p style="break-before: auto; margin-left: 0.51in; margin-right: 0.41in; page-break-before: auto;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
they say you tax’d The Law, and Lawyers; Captaines; and the Players
By their particular names.
</span></p>
<p><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: large;">This is so patently not the case that it cannot have been any part
of the matter before the court. All the characters were named after
ancient Romans. All of their personalities were drawn from members of
the London literati. No actual names were used.</span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: large;">More to the point, we learn further down that his representation
of someone among the London literati, whom he portrayed as Ovid, was
the specific matter.</span></span></p>
<p style="break-before: auto; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.42in; page-break-before: auto;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
Indeed, I brought in Ovid,
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.42in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
Chid by his angry father, for neglecting</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.42in;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">The study of their lawes, for poetry :
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.42in;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span style="text-decoration: none;">And I am warranted
by his owne words.</span><span style="text-decoration: none;">
</span>
</span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">This, too, is disingenuous. Ovid is introduced as he is composing
the lines Shakespeare used as the motto to his then infamous poem
</span><i style="font-family: inherit;">Venus and Adonis</i><span style="font-family: inherit;">. Act IV, Scene ix, in the play is a take-off
on the balcony scene from Shakespeare's </span><i style="font-family: inherit;">Romeo and Juliet</i><span style="font-family: inherit;"> with
Ovid supplying the place of Romeo. The outcome of the famous couple's
love affair, however, is not romantic death scenes. Instead the two
are exiled from court after the fashion of Edward de Vere and Anne
Vavasour in the infamous scandal that saw Vere cast-off as a favorite
of Queen Elizabeth.</span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B08LLDM91P" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1712" height="280" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzWW5E_En45tcltm2y7EQPyOwQ36yYx1IrgjHfpJMWIAnU73kUHwSEKcc9CQtN8CvY0oQrZwwKPc8UuDkxLW6KFyLqxXse3CwEade-CNJ1yNVzeGlD0oGD4Lwe8Z40kLatWmXo/w400-h280/Parolles.+Cover+1+Framed+50%2525+ad.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"></span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">I submit that there can be little doubt that the libel charge was
the "purge," mentioned in </span><i style="font-family: inherit;">The Return from Parnassus</i><span style="font-family: inherit;">, that
Shakespeare gave to Jonson. It is the only perfect fit. The latter's
attorney in the matter was our Mr. Richard Martin to whom the play
would be dedicated, in 1616, in appreciation for his having managed
to have the matter dismissed as literary London looked on.</span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<div id="sdfootnote1">
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="#sdfootnote1anc" name="sdfootnote1sym">1</a>
Hutchinson, John. <i>A Catalogue of Notable Middle Templars</i>
(1902), 158-9.</span></p>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote2">
<p><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="#sdfootnote2anc" name="sdfootnote2sym">2</a>
Rising with the setting sun, setting as it rose</span></p>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote3">
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="#sdfootnote3anc" name="sdfootnote3sym">3</a>
Anonymous. <i>The Returne from Parnassus: Or the Scourge of
Simony</i> (1602). IV.iii.</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br /></span></p><div style="mso-element: footnote-list;"><div id="ftn2" style="mso-element: footnote;"><div class="MsoFootnoteText"><h4><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: HE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Also at Virtual Grub Street:</span></h4></div></div></div><p><span style="color: black; font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style="color: black; font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></span></p><p></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"></p><p></p><ul style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;"><li><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #202124; font-family: inherit;"><b><a href="https://vgs-pbr-reviews.blogspot.com/2023/08/rocco-bonettis-blackfriars-fencing.html">Rocco Bonetti's Blackfriars Fencing School and Lord Hunsdon's Water Pipe.</a> August 12, 2023. “... the tenement late in the tenure of John Lyllie gentleman & nowe in the tenure of the said Rocho Bonetti...”</b></span></span></li><li><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><p><b><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2023/08/on-shakespeares-lameness-and-historical_5.html">On Shakespeare's lameness and historical-fiction biography, etc.</a> August 5, 2023. <b><span style="font-size: large;">“</span></b>Those who support Sogliardo of Stratford and other authorship candidates generally stop by from time to time to remark...</b><b>”</b></p></span></li><li><b style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: large;"><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2023/04/shakespeare-csi-sir-thomas-more-hand-d.html">Shakespeare CSI: Sir Thomas More, Hand-D.</a> April 22, 2023. “What a glory to have an actual hand-written manuscript from the greatest English writer of all time!”</span></b></li><li><span style="line-height: 18.4px;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><b><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2022/08/robert-greene-and-construction.html">Robert Greene and the Construction Shakespeare Never Used.</a></b><b> August 9, 2022. 'Our first foray “staring intently into” the texts of Robert Greene has noted that his work utilized far fewer feminine endings than Shakespeare’s.'</b></span></span></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><b><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2020/08/a-1572-oxford-letter-and-players-speech.html">A 1572 Oxford Letter and the Player’s Speech in Hamlet.</a> August 11, 2020. “The player’s speech has been a source of consternation among Shakespeare scholars for above 200 years. Why was Aeneas’ tale chosen as the subject?”</span></b></p></li><li><b><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span>Check out the <a href="https://gwponlinebibliography.blogspot.com/p/shakespeare-authorship-article-index.html">S</a></span><a href="https://gwponlinebibliography.blogspot.com/p/shakespeare-authorship-article-index.html">hakespeare Authorship Article Index</a><span> for many more articles and reviews about this fascinating time and about the Shakespeare Authorship Question.</span></span></b></li><li style="margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span><span><b>Check out the </b></span></span><span style="color: #0000ee;"><span><b><u><a href="https://gwponlinebibliography.blogspot.com/2020/12/english-renaissance-letters-index.html">Letters Index: Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford</a></u></b></span></span><span><span><b> for many letters from this fascinating time, some related to the Shakespeare Authorship Question.</b></span></span></span></li></ul><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B077LVLXY2/" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1015" data-original-width="1499" height="432" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh2NRwMzgfT-RfMm62wNJUu1wMteQ61N-2FBxGk-UsrnTXW5Ess1sln8ghIlFzhyyhjwSXv84gu1J-8nYTTmCxGfjaaPhGPye49INSfkhVQd6iaKXptMAmMIC80QpdCIdoVz0qj/w640-h432/Falstaff+cover+ad+1.jpg" width="640" /></a></span></p><p style="break-before: page; line-height: 16px; margin-bottom: 0in; page-break-before: always;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"></span></span></p><p style="break-before: auto; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-right: 0.42in; page-break-before: auto;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-right: 0.01in;"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Gilbert-Wesley-Purdy/e/B00H5A7SLC/" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="703" data-original-width="1600" height="280" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiBznpkxJG5fQbluqZSP4HXUqlJiYEegqgVppIuc8McfB7KT0s4UmI7eN3h5pieypTBxgp4lIbxTZMW2kwrWroitLPhYMeDUmrdT9CI7AzA7xLFET5O7f-uzSSYZtcblUjyeXCP/s640/Book+Page+ad+2.jpg" width="640" /></a></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br /></span></p>
</div>Gilbert Wesley Purdyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02612678869556343487noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10644518.post-73689120824895028872023-10-01T13:06:00.013-04:002023-10-11T09:35:51.400-04:00Arthur Golding's Advice to his 14 Year Old Nephew, Edward de Vere.<p><i><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></i></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgKpe1TssXHYgYwI7winIcKzDB3ssaNMTou3lcE23k7nF5BElfANf7muq-RvSWFQCSK3EsyG1Zic8fv41m-05vMIOtp1Kt3V4p42oeYQCbrPCQqa9jx0QNlSORL2sjHp0vi5XJucdcv9TSynYFfNEE5fRzuDpb1aHTVPzFHLznKUN_j8akNTsYx/s1644/Trogus%20Pompeius%20&%20%20Golding%20in%20room.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="932" data-original-width="1644" height="181" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgKpe1TssXHYgYwI7winIcKzDB3ssaNMTou3lcE23k7nF5BElfANf7muq-RvSWFQCSK3EsyG1Zic8fv41m-05vMIOtp1Kt3V4p42oeYQCbrPCQqa9jx0QNlSORL2sjHp0vi5XJucdcv9TSynYFfNEE5fRzuDpb1aHTVPzFHLznKUN_j8akNTsYx/s320/Trogus%20Pompeius%20&%20%20Golding%20in%20room.jpg" width="320" /></a></span></i></div><i><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Arthur Golding was a very busy man during the years he spent in Cecil House, on the Strand, in 1563-4, as receiver for young Edward de Vere, the minor 17<sup>th</sup> Earl of Oxford. The young Earl's father had died the year before and Arthur, being his uncle, on his mother's side, was tasked with seeing him settled in and the associated financial paperwork put in proper order.</span></i><p></p><p></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><i>Thus we know the duration of his stay because Golding completed three translations during those years — </i>The historie of Leonard Aretine<i> (1563), the first four books of Ovid's </i>Metamorphoses<i> (1564), </i>The Histories of Trogus Pompeius<i> (1564) — the dedication to each dated from Cecil House. The Metamorphoses was actually published in 1565. The dedication to </i>The eyght bookes of Caius Julius Caesar<i> (1565), however, was signed from a Golding family property at “Powles Belchamp the .xxi. of October. Anno. 1565.”</i></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><i>The dedication of </i>Trogus Pompeius<i> was to Edward who he'd had plenty of time to get to know personally. The personal comments addressed to Vere give us a feel for the personality of the fourteen year old. We will attend only to those comments for present purposes.</i></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br /></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span style="color: black;"></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br /></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span style="color: black;"><span><b>TO THE RIGHT HONORABL and his singular good Lord and Mayster, Edward deVeer, Erle of Oxinford </b></span></span><span style="color: black;"><span><i><b>L. </b></i></span></span><span style="color: black;"><span><span><b>great Chamberlayne of England, Vicount Bulbeck, &c.Arthur Goldyng wisheth health and prosperitie with furtherance, in knowledge and encrease of Honor</b></span></span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">RIght Honorable, I fynde in perusyng of auncient wryters, that it hath ben the custome of the greatest Estates and Princes in the worlde, when they have had intermission from the serious and weightie affayres of their Realmes, to bestowe their ydell tymes in revolvyng and perusyng stories.</span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B096L2KPR4" style="font-size: x-large;"><img border="0" data-original-height="351" data-original-width="871" height="258" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgELC6TGFWltwwg_mrsN-nFY1NJ9y9AZ8R0FCfMs_DizQ7GSZ3NNJQx3ou_P5Kb4IGLP1K3_vMCnK3a8EFqsqCbitDuVuPzJDDr-UqKRkHYh6Ao1eONEbckZ9eIz5s_D3mbtFf4/w640-h258/In-Progress+Ad.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><i><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">This is general encouragement to read. Below we learn that Edward is already an unusually avid reader who takes from his books understanding beyond what is common for his age. He reads both histories and current affairs with avidity and insight. Golding stresses that he has been impressed with this trait in him from personal observation.</span></i></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br /></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Now at such tyme as I had finished my translacion of thistories of Justine (who in so small roume and in so fewe wordes, comprehendeth so many and so notable thynges, that it is to be doubted, whether he be more brief of sentence, or copious of matter) as I stayed with my selfe (as it were to take breath at thend of my race) devisyng to whome I might specially dedicate the same: It came to my remembraunce, that sithens it had pleased Almighty God, to take to his mercy your Lordships noble father, (to whom I had long before vowed this my travell [travail]) there was not any, who eyther of dutie mighte more justly clayme the same. or for whose estate it semed more requisite and necessarie, or of whome I thought it should be more favorably accepted, then of your honor. For (to omit other things, wherof this tyme and matter serveth not to speake) it is not unknowen to others, and I have had experience therof myself, howe earnest a desire your honor hath naturally graffed in you, to read, peruse, and communicate with others, as well the Histories of auncient tyme, and thynges done long ago, as also of the present estate of thinges in oure dayes, and that not withoute a certayn pregnancie of witte and rypenesse of understandyng: The which do not only now reioyse the hartes of all such as beare faithfull affection to thonorable house of your auncestours, but also stirre up a greate hope and expectacion of such wysedom and experience in you in time to come, as is mete and besemyng for so noble a race.</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br /></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><i><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">There is a gentle avuncular reminder, however, that he has only begun on what is a long road. While he has shown merit and understanding, he is remains only 14 years of age with the normal limitations that implies. He does not yet have the necessary wisdom or experience, goals which he will only accomplish “in time to come”.</span></i></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/1543136257/" style="font-size: x-large;"><img border="0" data-original-height="872" data-original-width="1380" height="253" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg14Nuro9Y4OeO1CSjTL9VoSGrCf9plBaVYE_Tbs5oDG-4dA_Ao-HYYZdS1-ydAv7IS1x6omyigIDEMvWzuL8YS0xVvgif2B0n9G1xSyg3Dz2opKGg4_GIzU3VRyMmWMzhkEcFv/w400-h253/Folio+Cover+Ad+3.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Let these and such other examples (where your L. shall fynde store in this worke) encourage youre tender yeres, runnyng in the [renowned] fotesteppes of your famous auncestours, to procede in learning and vertue (which are thonly ornamentes of nobilitie, or rather the very true nobilitie itself,) in such sort as you may be able to doe acceptable service to your Prince and your countrie, Your Prince and your countrie for your weldoyngs embrace you and esteme you as a Jewell, and Yourself thereby become equall to any of your worthye Predecessours in advauncyng thonor of your noble house: wherof as your greate forwardnesse geveth assured hope and expectacion, so I moste hartely beseche Almighty God to further, augment, establish, and confirmate the same in your L.with thabundaunce of his grace.</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br /></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><i><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Here Golding both calls upon Edward to bring honor to his house and expects that his “forwardness” in this regard means that he will. Still, the tone is one of an adult <span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255);">exhorting</span> rather than complimenting a youth. Given the recklessness (quite common in young noblemen) of Edward's younger days we may be forgiven for believing that an uncle is carefully complimenting him for those traits he wishes to instill.</span></i></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br /></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><i>Another of Golding's relationships is worth mentioning here. Of course, Shakespeare often went to Golding's translation of the </i><span>Metamorphoses</span><i>, and to Ovid's original, as inspiration for his own works. The same can be said for </i><span>The eyght bookes of Caius Iulius Caesar</span><i>, and to the Latin originals, to a lesser extent. Golding will publish his translation of </i><span>De Beneficiis</span><i>, from the </i>Epistulae Morales<i> of Seneca, in 1577, a work from which Shakespeare drew at length in his play </i><span>The Merchant of Venice<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="#sdfootnote1sym" name="sdfootnote1anc"><sup>1</sup></a></span><i> and Edward de Vere, the 17</i><sup><i>th</i></sup><i> Earl of Oxford, to a smaller extent in a late letter to King James I.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="#sdfootnote2sym" name="sdfootnote2anc"><sup>2</sup></a></i></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br /></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br /></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br /></span></p><div id="sdfootnote1"><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="#sdfootnote1anc" name="sdfootnote1sym">1</a>See my “Portia's Quality of Mercy.” <a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2020/06/portias-quality-of-mercy.html">https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2020/06/portias-quality-of-mercy.html</a> <i>De Beneficiis</i><span> and </span><i>De Clementia</i><span> are two of the twelve of Seneca's </span><i>Epistolae</i><span>.</span></span></p></div><div id="sdfootnote2"><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="#sdfootnote2anc" name="sdfootnote2sym">2</a>See my “<span>Letters: Earl of Oxford to King James; January 30, 1603 [1604 N.S.].” <a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2021/03/letters-earl-of-oxford-to-king-james_14.html">https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2021/03/letters-earl-of-oxford-to-king-james_14.html</a></span></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br /></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B08LLDM91P" style="font-size: x-large;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1712" height="280" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzWW5E_En45tcltm2y7EQPyOwQ36yYx1IrgjHfpJMWIAnU73kUHwSEKcc9CQtN8CvY0oQrZwwKPc8UuDkxLW6KFyLqxXse3CwEade-CNJ1yNVzeGlD0oGD4Lwe8Z40kLatWmXo/w400-h280/Parolles.+Cover+1+Framed+50%2525+ad.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><div style="mso-element: footnote-list;"><div id="ftn2" style="mso-element: footnote;"><div class="MsoFootnoteText"><h4><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: HE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Also at Virtual Grub Street:</span></h4></div></div></div><p><span style="color: black; font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style="color: black; font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></span></p><p></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"></p><p></p><ul style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;"><li><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #202124; font-family: inherit;"><b><a href="https://vgs-pbr-reviews.blogspot.com/2023/08/rocco-bonettis-blackfriars-fencing.html">Rocco Bonetti's Blackfriars Fencing School and Lord Hunsdon's Water Pipe.</a> August 12, 2023. “... the tenement late in the tenure of John Lyllie gentleman & nowe in the tenure of the said Rocho Bonetti...”</b></span></span></li><li><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><p><b><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2023/08/on-shakespeares-lameness-and-historical_5.html">On Shakespeare's lameness and historical-fiction biography, etc.</a> August 5, 2023. <b><span style="font-size: large;">“</span></b>Those who support Sogliardo of Stratford and other authorship candidates generally stop by from time to time to remark...</b><b>”</b></p></span></li><li><b style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: large;"><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2023/04/shakespeare-csi-sir-thomas-more-hand-d.html">Shakespeare CSI: Sir Thomas More, Hand-D.</a> April 22, 2023. “What a glory to have an actual hand-written manuscript from the greatest English writer of all time!”</span></b></li><li><span style="line-height: 18.4px;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><b><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2022/08/robert-greene-and-construction.html">Robert Greene and the Construction Shakespeare Never Used.</a></b><b> August 9, 2022. 'Our first foray “staring intently into” the texts of Robert Greene has noted that his work utilized far fewer feminine endings than Shakespeare’s.'</b></span></span></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><b><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2020/08/a-1572-oxford-letter-and-players-speech.html">A 1572 Oxford Letter and the Player’s Speech in Hamlet.</a> August 11, 2020. “The player’s speech has been a source of consternation among Shakespeare scholars for above 200 years. Why was Aeneas’ tale chosen as the subject?”</span></b></p></li><li><b><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span>Check out the <a href="https://gwponlinebibliography.blogspot.com/p/shakespeare-authorship-article-index.html">S</a></span><a href="https://gwponlinebibliography.blogspot.com/p/shakespeare-authorship-article-index.html">hakespeare Authorship Article Index</a><span> for many more articles and reviews about this fascinating time and about the Shakespeare Authorship Question.</span></span></b></li><li style="margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span><span><b>Check out the </b></span></span><span style="color: #0000ee;"><span><b><u><a href="https://gwponlinebibliography.blogspot.com/2020/12/english-renaissance-letters-index.html">Letters Index: Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford</a></u></b></span></span><span><span><b> for many letters from this fascinating time, some related to the Shakespeare Authorship Question.</b></span></span></span></li></ul><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B077LVLXY2/" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1015" data-original-width="1499" height="432" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh2NRwMzgfT-RfMm62wNJUu1wMteQ61N-2FBxGk-UsrnTXW5Ess1sln8ghIlFzhyyhjwSXv84gu1J-8nYTTmCxGfjaaPhGPye49INSfkhVQd6iaKXptMAmMIC80QpdCIdoVz0qj/w640-h432/Falstaff+cover+ad+1.jpg" width="640" /></a></span></p><p style="break-before: page; line-height: 16px; margin-bottom: 0in; page-break-before: always;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"></span></span></p><p style="break-before: auto; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-right: 0.42in; page-break-before: auto;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-right: 0.01in;"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Gilbert-Wesley-Purdy/e/B00H5A7SLC/" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="703" data-original-width="1600" height="280" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiBznpkxJG5fQbluqZSP4HXUqlJiYEegqgVppIuc8McfB7KT0s4UmI7eN3h5pieypTBxgp4lIbxTZMW2kwrWroitLPhYMeDUmrdT9CI7AzA7xLFET5O7f-uzSSYZtcblUjyeXCP/s640/Book+Page+ad+2.jpg" width="640" /></a></span></span></p><p style="break-before: page; line-height: 16px; margin-bottom: 0in; page-break-before: always;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"></span></span></p><p style="break-before: auto; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-right: 0.42in; page-break-before: auto;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-right: 0.01in;"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></p></div>Gilbert Wesley Purdyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02612678869556343487noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10644518.post-2175789594929903122023-09-16T16:04:00.006-04:002023-09-29T19:25:59.633-04:00D— W— R— and Pericles as Tudor Theatrical Revue.<p><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj9ZuxMMPnCLI-VJxklS4KIP5jvo7UDoJvkrNUF88XbCye4SAa-iZEMA_iCJm_dCnaVZItwZWzAjHJY9DlS8H0iAc_lu2m7iTt8TW2rJ68tNPyzAKVkWlhlCH2PLespW22KGy-UDouR4hVBks6WIz57MbVWKpM80qklrR5HrtKROrA9yS367Ah4/s4008/Pericles%20&%20Painful%20Adventures%202.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2208" data-original-width="4008" height="176" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj9ZuxMMPnCLI-VJxklS4KIP5jvo7UDoJvkrNUF88XbCye4SAa-iZEMA_iCJm_dCnaVZItwZWzAjHJY9DlS8H0iAc_lu2m7iTt8TW2rJ68tNPyzAKVkWlhlCH2PLespW22KGy-UDouR4hVBks6WIz57MbVWKpM80qklrR5HrtKROrA9yS367Ah4/s320/Pericles%20&%20Painful%20Adventures%202.jpg" width="320" /></a></span></div><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">I recently posted my “<a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2021/11/william-j-rolfe-vs-orthodoxy-on.html">William J. Rolfe vs. the Orthodoxy on Shakespeare’s Pericles</a>”
at my Edward de Vere was Shakespeare Group, in which I ventured</span><p></p>
<p align="LEFT" style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.49in; margin-right: 0.42in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">While the older plays that were the basis of Hamlet, Romeo and
Juliet, Troilus and Cressida, and a number of others, all were
written by the younger Shakespeare, the older portion of Pericles is
less certainly so. </span> </p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">In a reply by D— W— R—, in the
comment section, the following:</span></p>
<p style="break-before: auto; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.51in; margin-right: 0.42in; orphans: 2; page-break-before: auto; widows: 2;">
<span style="color: #050505;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/groups/152168435592240/posts/1546497266159343/?comment_id=1547494849392918&__cft__[0]=AZUOWO6y1SIiEd9wDZzgl_Eh2WkjDz4ILlzQ-IBOROBwqf-UR8rl9GuZgYVx5Rxsk-beUqAFTJfOBCRLuKEgTsbaprOHH-5voa5iPz83X6MI6Rj1Rudvwg25Ycq0ySycFV_M8pnaQSR9ft4xAwSArAkNykrxEQtkSoqL0ejajuuF2Hg-Lmb9WuL2YyX0_Rif7zA&__tn__=R]-R">I
am convinced that the apparent stylistic differences within the play
are a conscious part of the structure of the play which
celebrates the evolution of English Drama. In fact that is the point
of the play. Pericles was almost certainly written for the Garter
feast of 1608 and honors the contributions of Philip and Mary to the
Theater. Mary's son Philip is one of the two inductees that year.
Their mutual friend Edward Dyer died in the previous year vacating
the office of Chancellor of the Garter and was replaced by Herbert
cousin John. The play was registered on May 20, the exact date of the
Garter induction at Windsor, but was probably performed at Cecil
House either as part of the festivities in early May celebrating the
elevation of Robert or at a party apparently organized to celebrate
the departure of the Garter prog[r]ess on the 18th.</a></span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Garter feast. Partying with the
elevated Lord Treasurer. (Well, we've all gotten elevated from time
to time.) Theatrical revue. 'From where do “Garter progresses”
depart?' I could not help but wonder.</span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B096L2KPR4" style="font-size: medium; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="351" data-original-width="871" height="258" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgELC6TGFWltwwg_mrsN-nFY1NJ9y9AZ8R0FCfMs_DizQ7GSZ3NNJQx3ou_P5Kb4IGLP1K3_vMCnK3a8EFqsqCbitDuVuPzJDDr-UqKRkHYh6Ao1eONEbckZ9eIz5s_D3mbtFf4/w640-h258/In-Progress+Ad.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Robert Cecil was indeed appointed
Treasurer on May 6, 1608. Philip Herbert, Earl of Montgomery, was
indeed invested with the garter on May 20, 1608, at Windsor castle.
The play <i>Pericles, Prince of Tyre</i>, was indeed registered with
the Stationers' office on the same date. The rest not only is not
documented, to the best of my knowledge, but is improbable.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Why Philip would be considered, as of
1608, to have made signal contributions to the theater, is not clear.
His brother, William, was the literary son. Philip was the sportsman
and widely understood to read no more than he absolutely had to. He
inherited the management of the King's Players when William retired,
at the ascension of Charles I, in 1626, and he inherited the office
of Lord Chamberlain.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">If such festivities as D— imagines
did in fact occur neither he nor I would seem to know of any
description of them. Or that they included the performance a play. If
festivities did occur — as may well have been the case given
Cecil's appointment — D— thinks they occurred before the Garter
ceremony which raises the question as to why the specific date
<i>Pericles</i> was entered in the Stationers' records is to any
point.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Still more problematical, I suspect, is
the question as to when anything else written in Tudor times
“celebrated the evolution” of any genre of English literature.
Literary surveys in book or on stage are a much later cultural
phenomenon.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Two other serious improbabilities would
seem to argue against D—'s theory. If Philip saw a Shakespeare play
around May 20, 1608, celebrating his and his mother's patronage, he
somehow forgot to forward it for inclusion in the First Folio. It did
not appear until the Third Folio, of 1664, long after Philip had
died.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">The first two quarto editions did
appear in 1609, in the midst of plenty of accolades and observations
from those who saw the play, with both title pages announcing “As
it hath been divers and sundry times acted by his Maiesties Servants,
at the Globe on the Banckside.” There was never mention of
performances before King or Court such as publishers loved to be able
to announce and scribblers to scribble about. Performances before the
royal family or the chief nobles of the realm were a great help to
sales and gossip. The accolades never included reference to Philip,
Earl of Montgomery, or his mother, Mary Sidney, as the inspirations
for the play. No dedicatory letters or verses marked the production
out from any other Globe play.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Ben Jonson would later write:</span></p>
<p style="break-before: auto; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.42in; page-break-before: auto;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"> ...a moldy tale,</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.42in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
Like Pericles,
and stale</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.42in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
As the shrive’s crusts, and nasty as his fish,</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.42in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
Scraps out of every
dish</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.42in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
Thrown forth, and raked into the common tub,</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.42in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
May keep up the Play
Club.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Admittedly, the comment came some 20
years after the early 17<sup>th</sup> century performances (whenever
precisely they may have been) and 1609 quartos but the text of the
play is filled with signs of being still older.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">I submit that Shakespeare's “Greek”
plays all were among his earliest.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="#sdfootnote1sym" name="sdfootnote1anc"><sup>1</sup></a>
As I show in my <i>Back When Ophelia Jumped Off a Cliff: the Hamlet
of 1589<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="#sdfootnote2sym" name="sdfootnote2anc"><sup>2</sup></a></i> ,
the plot of <i>Titus and Vespasian</i> (the original of <i>Titus
Andronicus</i>), for example, is drawn from his early go to sources
(Seneca and Ovid) and the then tremendously popular Greek novel
<i>Aethiopica</i> by Heliodorus. But
the names of the characters taken from <i>Aethiopica</i>
all are changed for all their story is a close but much darker
version of the original.</span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B09WC94FGW/" style="font-size: medium; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1154" data-original-width="1905" height="243" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjIJbNwa_JRRkScLOLNNISJ0lWCOXXY2XdD3jUoUfM0GrdsA8uQ67CcDjrrUEQ3PjTegxCcTlDxZsk8mZ7O1m26n2u4MUqXSmpdchHjeWoOn_mnBGm2KVVERANDTHHHFSce96PaHcn7QarXknmpM0w-qH3FIB7Otap7yX6yPsGICygfdaF24Q/w400-h243/Ophelia%20Ford%20Maddox%20Brown%20-%20Book%20Cover300%20-ad.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Thomas
Underdowne’s translation of the <i>Aethiopica </i>(1569,
1587) remains the go to English version to this day. The dedication
to the translation was “To the Right Honourable Edwarde Deviere
LORD BOULBECKE, EARLE of OXENFORD.”</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">As I
have explained at some length, in my <i>Shakespeare in 1573:
Apprenticeship and Scandal<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="#sdfootnote3sym" name="sdfootnote3anc"><sup>3</sup></a>
</i>[],
the main source of <i>Pericles</i>
is said by some to have been published by Laurence Twine circa 1576.
Others claim the book was written by Laurence's more famous brother
Thomas Twine. One of Thomas's less known works is <i>The
Breviary of Brytayne </i>(1573) It
is dedicated to “Edward Deviere Lorde Bulbeck, Erle of Oxenford,
Lorde great Chamberlayne of England”. It seems that the way to
improve one's chances to become a source for a Shakespeare play was
to dedicate something to Edward de Vere.</span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B096GSQV14" style="font-size: medium; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="930" data-original-width="1576" height="236" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiw2Ow_sM9oTibwLpG6UZ99sPEf4Y61FTki9uL17S9wbWRRDdT-9Qklm48OF1WpLuqQ4RWyxj5uqGoeyF-XcSu4ObMrxexjG_-DDAghyphenhyphen7AqNpIyITbBQnZo5lAFrEJ49FByxnnm/w400-h236/1573+Cover+ad+-+300+dpi.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Shakespeare when young simply changed
the names of Greek characters from their original sources as opposed
to his later practice of keeping the names of main characters. Likely
this was because he didn't like the foreign sound of the names —
thought they would turn-off an audience. In the case of a name like
Apollonius (and numerous other Greek names) surely we have an
additional reason at our fingers ends. Like so many Greek names, it
has too many syllables to fit comfortably into blank verse. Consider
the other names in the version of the original story by Twine:
Ligozides, Dionisiades, Athanagoras, etc. And the actors wouldn't
even know how to pronounce them.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">In the end, he chose to go to Italian
novellas and English chronicles for his plots. The original names of
the characters were much easier to pronounce and clumsy Italian names
could be fitted to blank verse by simply removing the final letter.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Oh! And did he take the name Pericles
from Sidney's <i>Arcadia</i>? Doesn't matter either way for present
purposes, really.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br /></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><br /></p>
<div id="sdfootnote1">
<p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="#sdfootnote1anc" name="sdfootnote1sym">1</a>
And all were received via Latin sources rather than Greek likely
because he was not fluent in the latter language.</span></p>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote2">
<p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="#sdfootnote2anc" name="sdfootnote2sym">2</a>
Purdy, Gilbert Wesley. <i>Back When Ophelia Jumped Off a Cliff: the
Hamlet of 1589 </i>(2022). <a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B09WC94FGW">https://www.amazon.com/dp/B09WC94FGW</a></span></p>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote3">
<p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="#sdfootnote3anc" name="sdfootnote3sym">3</a>
Purdy, Gilbert Wesley. <i>Shakespeare in 1573: Apprenticeship and
Scandal </i>(2021)<i>. </i><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B096GSQV14">https://www.amazon.com/dp/B096GSQV14</a></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><i><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br /></span></i></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B08LLDM91P" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1712" height="280" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzWW5E_En45tcltm2y7EQPyOwQ36yYx1IrgjHfpJMWIAnU73kUHwSEKcc9CQtN8CvY0oQrZwwKPc8UuDkxLW6KFyLqxXse3CwEade-CNJ1yNVzeGlD0oGD4Lwe8Z40kLatWmXo/w400-h280/Parolles.+Cover+1+Framed+50%2525+ad.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><p class="sdfootnote"></p><div style="mso-element: footnote-list;"><div id="ftn2" style="mso-element: footnote;"><div class="MsoFootnoteText"><h4><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: HE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Also at Virtual Grub Street:</span></h4></div></div></div><p><span style="color: black; font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style="color: black; font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></span></p><p></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"></p><p></p><ul style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;"><li><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><p><b><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2023/08/on-shakespeares-lameness-and-historical_5.html">On Shakespeare's lameness and historical-fiction biography, etc.</a> August 5, 2023. <b style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-size: large;">“</span></b>Those who support Sogliardo of Stratford and other authorship candidates generally stop by from time to time to remark...</b><b>”</b></p></span></li><li><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><b><a href="https://vgs-pbr-reviews.blogspot.com/2023/06/a-brief-bio-of-william-cecil-until-his.html">A Brief Bio of William Cecil Until his Creation as Baron of Burghley.</a> June 11, 2023. “The king heard of the matter and sent for him.”</b></span></li><li><p><b style="font-family: inherit; font-size: x-large;"><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2023/04/shakespeare-csi-sir-thomas-more-hand-d.html">Shakespeare CSI: Sir Thomas More, Hand-D.</a> April 22, 2023. “What a glory to have an actual hand-written manuscript from the greatest English writer of all time!”</b></p></li><li><span style="line-height: 18.4px;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><b><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2022/08/robert-greene-and-construction.html">Robert Greene and the Construction Shakespeare Never Used.</a></b><b> August 9, 2022. 'Our first foray “staring intently into” the texts of Robert Greene has noted that his work utilized far fewer feminine endings than Shakespeare’s.'</b></span></span></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><b><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2020/08/a-1572-oxford-letter-and-players-speech.html">A 1572 Oxford Letter and the Player’s Speech in Hamlet.</a> August 11, 2020. “The player’s speech has been a source of consternation among Shakespeare scholars for above 200 years. Why was Aeneas’ tale chosen as the subject?”</span></b></p></li><li><b><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span>Check out the <a href="https://gwponlinebibliography.blogspot.com/p/shakespeare-authorship-article-index.html">S</a></span><a href="https://gwponlinebibliography.blogspot.com/p/shakespeare-authorship-article-index.html">hakespeare Authorship Article Index</a><span> for many more articles and reviews about this fascinating time and about the Shakespeare Authorship Question.</span></span></b></li><li style="margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span><span><b>Check out the </b></span></span><span style="color: #0000ee;"><span><b><u><a href="https://gwponlinebibliography.blogspot.com/2020/12/english-renaissance-letters-index.html">Letters Index: Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford</a></u></b></span></span><span><span><b> for many letters from this fascinating time, some related to the Shakespeare Authorship Question.</b></span></span></span></li></ul><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B077LVLXY2/" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1015" data-original-width="1499" height="432" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh2NRwMzgfT-RfMm62wNJUu1wMteQ61N-2FBxGk-UsrnTXW5Ess1sln8ghIlFzhyyhjwSXv84gu1J-8nYTTmCxGfjaaPhGPye49INSfkhVQd6iaKXptMAmMIC80QpdCIdoVz0qj/w640-h432/Falstaff+cover+ad+1.jpg" width="640" /></a></span></p><p style="break-before: page; line-height: 16px; margin-bottom: 0in; page-break-before: always;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"></span></span></p><p style="break-before: auto; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-right: 0.42in; page-break-before: auto;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-right: 0.01in;"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Gilbert-Wesley-Purdy/e/B00H5A7SLC/" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="703" data-original-width="1600" height="280" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiBznpkxJG5fQbluqZSP4HXUqlJiYEegqgVppIuc8McfB7KT0s4UmI7eN3h5pieypTBxgp4lIbxTZMW2kwrWroitLPhYMeDUmrdT9CI7AzA7xLFET5O7f-uzSSYZtcblUjyeXCP/s640/Book+Page+ad+2.jpg" width="640" /></a></span></span></p><div><span><br /></span></div>
</div>Gilbert Wesley Purdyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02612678869556343487noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10644518.post-40524249777640004782023-08-26T10:14:00.010-04:002023-09-03T10:58:54.246-04:00Bertrand de Salignac de la Mothe Fenelon to King Henry III, January 24, 1575.<p><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgmnu_8vHVAStwTBD5-YkLt9ySE5u2pPQht_7qtisTXp67g06wxAQjC9NHVru3hyw9oDZPhIflFcV1DCHkgO8WUKFXjaAVpv6OQlMk9ATTtgF__ZQG5Ly7aZVSQDENmMjqqkf4Pv0O0mul1VkdFHW4_EXWv7QIrw9_zdPhVsqU2zs1KIorPgP0a/s769/Mothe%20Fenelon%20&%20Henry%20III.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><img border="0" data-original-height="406" data-original-width="769" height="169" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgmnu_8vHVAStwTBD5-YkLt9ySE5u2pPQht_7qtisTXp67g06wxAQjC9NHVru3hyw9oDZPhIflFcV1DCHkgO8WUKFXjaAVpv6OQlMk9ATTtgF__ZQG5Ly7aZVSQDENmMjqqkf4Pv0O0mul1VkdFHW4_EXWv7QIrw9_zdPhVsqU2zs1KIorPgP0a/s320/Mothe%20Fenelon%20&%20Henry%20III.jpg" width="320" /></span></a></div><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Bertrand
de Salignac de la Mothe Fenelon, French Ambassador to England, to
King Henry III, January 24, 1575.</span><p></p>
<p align="LEFT" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p align="LEFT" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><i><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">The
British are not the only ones to begin archiving their government
correspondence in a more systematic way in the 16<sup>th</sup>
century. (Nor their great families.) Ambassadorial dispatches often
provide rare perspective on the activities of governing figures and
ruling elites.</span></i></p>
<p align="LEFT" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><i><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Edward
de Vere, the 17<sup>th</sup> Earl of Oxford, was a sufficiently major
figure, until his exile from court in 1580, to be mentioned. That
exile, in particular, was something of a tabloid story in
international correspondence.</span></i></p>
<p align="LEFT" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><i><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">The
following combination of intelligence and conjecture, considering the
young earl, occupies the first half of the dispatch of the date
shown. It is both intriguing and surprising. I am not aware that the
<span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255);">muster</span> of forces resulted in
any engagement. It seems likely to have been related to the conflict
in the Netherlands. Such <span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255);">muster</span>'s
were a regular feature of the time.</span></i></p>
<p align="LEFT" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><i><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">What
made Fenelon think that Oxford was managing it is unclear but he was
a keen observer. One can only wish that he had said more about the
English queen's suspicions, his support for the cause of the Queen of
Scots (mentioned off-hand in the correspondence of others as if it
were an acknowledged fact), and his feelers at various times to serve
the French, Spanish and Don John.</span></i></p>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B096L2KPR4" style="background-color: white; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><img border="0" data-original-height="351" data-original-width="871" height="210" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgELC6TGFWltwwg_mrsN-nFY1NJ9y9AZ8R0FCfMs_DizQ7GSZ3NNJQx3ou_P5Kb4IGLP1K3_vMCnK3a8EFqsqCbitDuVuPzJDDr-UqKRkHYh6Ao1eONEbckZ9eIz5s_D3mbtFf4/w640-h258/In-Progress+Ad.jpg" width="560" /></span></a></div><p align="LEFT" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"></p><p align="LEFT" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br /></span></p>
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<p align="LEFT"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Sire,
suyvant l'advertissement dont, au pied de ma depesche du XIX du
present, j'ay faict mencion a Vostre Majesté, come aulcuns
gentilshommes et cappitaynes angloys s'apprestoient, comme d'eux
mesmes, de fere une entreprise de par della la mer, j'ay mis peyne
de le fère sçavoyr aulx gouverneurs plus voysins d'icy, qui ont
la charge des places au long de la coste de deçà, lesquels
j'espère que s'en tiendront plus apperceus. Et en confirmation de
cella, je suis adverty que, toutes les nuictz, l'on tire
secrettement des armes et des monitions de guerre de la Tour de
Londres pour les envoyer ez portz , et les distribuer aulx
cappitaynes et soldatz qui sont volontayres , et aulx vaysseaulx
de l'entreprinse qui sont toutz de particulliers.</span></span></p>
<p align="LEFT" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p align="LEFT"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span><span>Il
sembloit que le comte d'Oxfort deût estre le chef de la dicte
entreprinse , mais il prend ung aultre chemin, ayant tant faict
qu'il a impétré de la Royne, sa Mestresse, son congé pour aller
fère un voïage en Italye ; et dellibère partir dans huict
jours, et passer par France , faisant estat de séjourner ung moys
à Paris; et monstre, Sire, d'estre grandement dévot à Vostre
Majesté, ayant voulu suplyer la Royne, sa Mestresse, de trouver
bon qu'il se peût offrir à vostre service, mais l'on l'a adverty
que, </span></span>
</span></p>
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<p align="LEFT"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span><span>Sire,
following the admonition which I made, at the foot of my dispatch
of the nineteenth of the present, to Your Majesty, how some
English gentlemen and captains are readying, as themselves, to
undertake an enterprise from across the sea, I took pains to come
to know the governors closer to here, who have charge of the
places along the coast on this side, which I hope will clarify
matters. And in confirmation of this, I am informed that, every
night, weapons and munitions of war are secretly taken from the
Tower of London to send them to ports, and distribute them to
captains and soldiers who are volunteers, and to vessels of the
enterprise which are all private. </span></span>
</span></p>
<p align="LEFT"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p align="LEFT"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span><span><br /></span></span></span></p><p align="LEFT"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span><span>It
seems that the Earl of Oxford must be the chief of the said
enterprise, but he is taking another road, having managed so much
that he has secured from the Queen, his Mistress, her leave to go
make a voyage to Italy; and deliberates to leave within eight
days, and to pass through France, making plans to sojourn one
month in France; and to show himself, Sire, to be greatly devoted
to Your Majesty, having the desire to beg the Queen, his Mistress,
to find it good that he may offer himself to your service, we are
advertised that </span></span>
</span></p>
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B096PGF7LM" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><img border="0" data-original-height="934" data-original-width="1995" height="250" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjBbf44xB8U938na4UF2_MfNsF4X-I-V145bwFNWV52OyenvcoLHOmKOgzeXMD09-V_bminAx5JAIyiWY5OljNO39fbfp1f_7k45byese2q2tlZ7q5pZFRVzvhwNoTCSrB_yjwOAT4xzAqxN5c41prqk7CdXjjcm-N2a2kBMRc7li7d_YSKbw/w400-h188/Shakespeare%20without%20Ciphers%20Series%201b%20-%20150%25.jpg" width="500" /></span></a></div><p align="LEFT" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"></p>
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<p align="LEFT"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">parce
qu'il est notoyrement réputé fort parcial pour la Royne
d'Escosse et nepveu du feu duc de Norfolc, qu'elle tiendroit cella
pour trop suspect; néantmoins il dellibère de bayser très
humblement les mains à Vostre Majesté , et ne refuser d'obéyr à
ce qu'il vous plerra luy commander. Et parce qu'il est quasy le
premier comte et grand chamberlan d'Angleterre , et comme le
premier de la noblesse du pays, et le mieulx suivy et de trop plus
d'espérance que nul aultre seigneur du royaulme , il vous plerra
, Sire , commander qu'il luy soit faict quelque honneur et luy
soit porté faveur et respect, en passant par vostre royaulme;
car, oultre son mérite, toute l'Angleterre et ceste court
mesmement s'en sentiront infîniement gratifiiez. Les partisans de
Bourgoigne luy promettent qu'il aura charge au service du Roy
d'Espaigne, aussytost qu'il arryvera en Italye, et le pressent
d'aller trouver dom Johan d'Austria , ne luy manquant lettres de
banque et crédict, et deniers contantz, pour fère une honneste
despence par dellà ; mais il monstre d'avoyr plus d'inclination à
vostre service qu'à celluy du celluy du dict Roy d'Espaigna.</span></span></p>
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<p align="LEFT"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">because
he is notoriously reputed to be a strong advocate for the Queen of
Scots and is the nephew of the late Duke of Norfolk, she
considers him very suspect; nonetheless he intends very humbly to
kiss Your Majesty's hands, and not to refuse to obey whatever you
are pleased to command. And because he is almost the premier earl
and great chamberlain of England, and as the first among the
nobility of the land, and the better followed and with much more
hope than any other lord of the realm, it will benefit you, Sire,
to order that some honor be done to him and that he be shown favor
and respect, passing through your kingdom; because, beyond his
merit, all of England and its court as well will account it
infinitely gratifying. Burgoyne partisans promise him that he may
go in charge of the service of the King of Spain, that he will
immediately arrive in Italy, and they press him to go to find Don
John of Austria, that he will not lack letters of bank and credit,
and constant source of money, to make an honorable display there;
but he shows he has more inclination to your service than to that
of the said King of Spain.</span></span></p>
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</tbody></table>
<p align="LEFT" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p align="LEFT" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><i><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Oxford
did attempt to arrange for his uncle, the Duke of Norfolk, to escape
to Spain before he could be executed. The fact was not unknown to the
Queen. Later, he would consider escaping there himself when his
mistress, Anne Vavasour, discovered herself to be pregnant.</span></i></p>
<p align="LEFT" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><i><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">All
of this said, Oxford would be received with high honor upon arriving
at the French Court. Most, if not all, of the expenses of his
European tour, however, would be paid out of his own pocket.</span></i></p><p align="LEFT" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><i><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br /></span></i></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Source: <i>Correspondance Diplomatique de
Bertrand de Sal1gnac de la Mothe Fénélon</i> (1840), VI.360-1.</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br /></span></p>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/1543136257/"><img border="0" data-original-height="872" data-original-width="1380" height="253" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg14Nuro9Y4OeO1CSjTL9VoSGrCf9plBaVYE_Tbs5oDG-4dA_Ao-HYYZdS1-ydAv7IS1x6omyigIDEMvWzuL8YS0xVvgif2B0n9G1xSyg3Dz2opKGg4_GIzU3VRyMmWMzhkEcFv/w400-h253/Folio+Cover+Ad+3.jpg" width="400" /></a></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><br /></div><p align="LEFT" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
</p>
<div style="mso-element: footnote-list;"><div id="ftn2" style="mso-element: footnote;"><div class="MsoFootnoteText"><h4><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: HE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Also at Virtual Grub Street:</span></h4></div></div></div><p><span style="color: black; font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style="color: black; font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></span></p><p></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"></p><p></p><ul style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;"><li><p><b><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2023/07/d-r-and-players-speech-in-hamlet.html">D<span>⸻</span> R</a><span><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2023/07/d-r-and-players-speech-in-hamlet.html">⸻ and the Player's Speech in Hamlet.</a> July 9, 2023. '</span>Most of his confidence comes to him through Tonya Pollard's essay “What’s Hecuba to Shakespeare?”'</span></b></p></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><b><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span style="color: #212529;"><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2023/05/matthew-gasda-on-shakespeare-authorship.html">Matthew Gasda on the Shakespeare Authorship Debate.</a> May 15, 2023. 'Among his Compact Mag pieces is the March 24 article “The Right Wing Crusade Against Shakespeare”.</span><span style="color: #050505;">'</span></span></b></p></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><b><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2023/04/shakespeare-csi-sir-thomas-more-hand-d.html">Shakespeare CSI: Sir Thomas More, Hand-D.</a> April 22, 2023. “What a glory to have an actual hand-written manuscript from the greatest English writer of all time!”</b></span></p></li><li><span style="line-height: 18.4px;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><b><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2022/08/robert-greene-and-construction.html">Robert Greene and the Construction Shakespeare Never Used.</a></b><b> August 9, 2022. 'Our first foray “staring intently into” the texts of Robert Greene has noted that his work utilized far fewer feminine endings than Shakespeare’s.'</b></span></span></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><b><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2020/08/a-1572-oxford-letter-and-players-speech.html">A 1572 Oxford Letter and the Player’s Speech in Hamlet.</a> August 11, 2020. “The player’s speech has been a source of consternation among Shakespeare scholars for above 200 years. Why was Aeneas’ tale chosen as the subject?”</span></b></p></li><li><b><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span>Check out the <a href="https://gwponlinebibliography.blogspot.com/p/shakespeare-authorship-article-index.html">S</a></span><a href="https://gwponlinebibliography.blogspot.com/p/shakespeare-authorship-article-index.html">hakespeare Authorship Article Index</a><span> for many more articles and reviews about this fascinating time and about the Shakespeare Authorship Question.</span></span></b></li><li style="margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span><span><b>Check out the </b></span></span><span style="color: #0000ee;"><span><b><u><a href="https://gwponlinebibliography.blogspot.com/2020/12/english-renaissance-letters-index.html">Letters Index: Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford</a></u></b></span></span><span><span><b> for many letters from this fascinating time, some related to the Shakespeare Authorship Question.</b></span></span></span></li></ul><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B077LVLXY2/" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1015" data-original-width="1499" height="432" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh2NRwMzgfT-RfMm62wNJUu1wMteQ61N-2FBxGk-UsrnTXW5Ess1sln8ghIlFzhyyhjwSXv84gu1J-8nYTTmCxGfjaaPhGPye49INSfkhVQd6iaKXptMAmMIC80QpdCIdoVz0qj/w640-h432/Falstaff+cover+ad+1.jpg" width="640" /></a></span></p><p style="break-before: page; line-height: 16px; margin-bottom: 0in; page-break-before: always;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"></span></span></p><p style="break-before: auto; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-right: 0.42in; page-break-before: auto;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-right: 0.01in;"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
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</p>Gilbert Wesley Purdyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02612678869556343487noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10644518.post-55647667013237926722023-08-24T11:07:00.009-04:002023-08-24T13:21:10.211-04:00Steven May and Shakespeare in Transition.<p><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgoP3XS8raME1neS_fabdd4Q7xKgYdl8teTEYO7Kb1-GFyaIVxMMl4KSU_A1Nl9uWcmrYRHJZO33UbEpj-fbV8Ra3N-2Utb085odxsxNNvs1MHQstAcjtwS7kLhjDIOoGFznVRAHxMl4HbwpL3mcK-N9-I-Dchw_epb_QzsHb6FJSpli7H2NCmh/s1329/Shakespeare%20in%20transition.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="764" data-original-width="1329" height="184" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgoP3XS8raME1neS_fabdd4Q7xKgYdl8teTEYO7Kb1-GFyaIVxMMl4KSU_A1Nl9uWcmrYRHJZO33UbEpj-fbV8Ra3N-2Utb085odxsxNNvs1MHQstAcjtwS7kLhjDIOoGFznVRAHxMl4HbwpL3mcK-N9-I-Dchw_epb_QzsHb6FJSpli7H2NCmh/s320/Shakespeare%20in%20transition.jpg" width="320" /></a></span></div><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Some
considerable part of the <a href="https://www.facebook.com/groups/152168435592240">Edward de Vere was Shakespeare Group</a>'s
conversation has suddenly turned toward actual scholarship rather
than partisan fire fights. I hope it is a positive sign.</span><p></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">In
part, this is because one of the more combative participants is
deferring to a work of Steven May. If one reads it, he suggests, one
will be unable to refute May's thesis.</span></p>
<p align="LEFT" style="border: none; break-before: auto; line-height: 123%; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.51in; margin-right: 0.41in; orphans: 2; padding: 0in; page-break-before: auto; widows: 2;">
<a href="https://www.facebook.com/groups/152168435592240/user/100000036208103/?__cft__[0]=AZVtYB96hhGAypwBx_5PhG5hZ09QpozGb6ZCLM7S3G1mgL7OOmFV2fkTAYPa5314NMQ-GJHQfunGm3QovV1D9Cgmmtc3U9vRT2Vse8afeZD1VsY8L2VCPOPswQ7ZRHUWbFoPrT6jhg2h-3ksg9ZZRBdx&__tn__=R]-R"><span style="color: #050505;"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span style="font-style: normal;"><b>Mark
Johnson</b></span></span></span></span></a></p>
<p align="LEFT" style="border: none; line-height: 133%; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.51in; margin-right: 0.41in; orphans: 2; padding: 0in; widows: 2;">
<span style="color: #050505; font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/groups/152168435592240/posts/1528798964595840/?comment_id=1528967914578945&__cft__[0]=AZW5pMUvtSQ8SWYfZ0uk_wRi3WKJTX3rWl81py5ryua00pAoGSyvl5U-cxJjKA6rklKzMdNSRNXZikmc34WgpRmKLVHThmb0CNz9IqXT8GPdkD2mugp93uTco-n1Jaz-xGM-T3zP79K0TwZhetcPFVbA&__tn__=R]-R">“<span lang="en"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">Oxford's
verse, in short, lacks any unique features of style, theme, or
subject to connect it with Shakespeare's poetry. After the
publication of my edition of Oxford's verse in 1980, references to
the Earl's poetry all but disappeared from Oxfordian polemic. The
authentic canon of De Vere's poetry is a great embarrassment to the
movement because it so manifestly contradicts the claims of Looney
and his followers that the Earls verse in any way resembles the
poetry of William Shakespeare. The chasm between the two poets is
immense. To be an Oxfordian, you must believe that the Earl published
or released for circulation under his name or initials his canonical
verse, all of it written in the mid-Tudor style between 1572 and 1593
at the latest. But by 1592, at the latest, and without any trace of a
transitional style, Oxford somehow, and with absolute secrecy, began
writing plays in the new style of blank verse that marked the great
Elizabethan drama.”</span></span></span></a></span></p>
<p align="LEFT" lang="en" style="border: none; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 133%; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.51in; margin-right: 0.41in; orphans: 2; padding: 0in; widows: 2;">
<span style="color: #050505;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/groups/152168435592240/posts/1528798964595840/?comment_id=1528967914578945&__cft__[0]=AZW5pMUvtSQ8SWYfZ0uk_wRi3WKJTX3rWl81py5ryua00pAoGSyvl5U-cxJjKA6rklKzMdNSRNXZikmc34WgpRmKLVHThmb0CNz9IqXT8GPdkD2mugp93uTco-n1Jaz-xGM-T3zP79K0TwZhetcPFVbA&__tn__=R]-R">Steven
W. May</a></span></span></p>
<p align="LEFT" lang="en" style="border: none; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 133%; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.51in; margin-right: 0.41in; orphans: 2; padding: 0in; widows: 2;"><span style="color: #050505;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">"The
Seventeenth Earl of Oxford as Poet and Playwright", Tennessee
Law Review (2004), Vol. 72: pp. 221–54.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">I
like the new tack. Especially as enough information is available that
I will not have to add a visit to the library to my insane schedule.</span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/1543136257/" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="872" data-original-width="1380" height="253" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg14Nuro9Y4OeO1CSjTL9VoSGrCf9plBaVYE_Tbs5oDG-4dA_Ao-HYYZdS1-ydAv7IS1x6omyigIDEMvWzuL8YS0xVvgif2B0n9G1xSyg3Dz2opKGg4_GIzU3VRyMmWMzhkEcFv/w400-h253/Folio+Cover+Ad+3.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">The
particular conversation that I presently address is on the topic of a
purported lack of transitional works to show the young Oxford ever
wrote more mature poems. His juvenilia understandably show no
definitive link with the poems of Shakespeare. His later poetry is
mostly a matter of careful research.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Mr.
Malim, for his part, chooses to read from a different text from May.
Nothing inappropriate about that.</span></p>
<p align="LEFT" style="border: none; break-before: auto; line-height: 123%; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.42in; orphans: 2; padding: 0in; page-break-before: auto; widows: 2;">
<a href="https://www.facebook.com/groups/152168435592240/user/100028391505033/?__cft__[0]=AZWOs7qaOVq-73HECew0kz_AeIIidzEeQ85mS18JOPnOATwZolz0WhWNpjq6RkhvZyXxtJCn1GDN2SoaTNjEeUlq8m5iV5WIaVixRDlgG_RxVKhBOAuVThA_NlVpYB4h233P_glXTcZvorSUgv2M7afr&__tn__=R]-R"><span style="color: #050505;"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span style="font-style: normal;"><b>Richard
Malim</b></span></span></span></span></a></p>
<p align="LEFT" lang="en" style="border: none; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 133%; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.42in; orphans: 2; padding: 0in; widows: 2;">
<span style="color: #050505;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/groups/152168435592240/posts/1532039657605104/?comment_id=1532672607541809&reply_comment_id=1535761397232930&__cft__[0]=AZWOs7qaOVq-73HECew0kz_AeIIidzEeQ85mS18JOPnOATwZolz0WhWNpjq6RkhvZyXxtJCn1GDN2SoaTNjEeUlq8m5iV5WIaVixRDlgG_RxVKhBOAuVThA_NlVpYB4h233P_glXTcZvorSUgv2M7afr&__tn__=R]-R">Perhaps
you shd read the whole passage , including May's dangerously anti-
Shak critique; "[His work is} varied in conception and manner
well beyond the relentless plodding of Breton, Turberville and
Churchyard" ,beginning with Oxford's translation of Sixe
Idyllia of Theocritus" May's subsequent recantation looks like
an anti-Leninist's 'repentance'.</a></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">The
argument Malim offers, vis-a-vis May, was first presented in an
unsigned 1990 article entitled “Does the early work of Edward de
Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford, reveal that he wrote songs as well as
verses? “<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="#sdfootnote1sym" name="sdfootnote1anc"><sup>1</sup></a>
But Malim has since gone much further in his “<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">The
Mystery of Willy: Oxford, Spenser, and Theocritus’ Sixe Idillia</span></span><span style="color: black;"><b>”<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="#sdfootnote2sym" name="sdfootnote2anc"><sup>2</sup></a></b></span>.
There he offers into evidence an anonymous 1588 publication of
translations from the Greek poet Theocritus in which he detects the
hand of Oxford.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">While
I am not yet convinced that Oxford wrote the <i>Sixe Idillia </i>neither
am I convinced that he didn't. Malim's essay does make some
interesting points and conjectures. The few errors do not seem to me
to weaken his argument.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="#sdfootnote3sym" name="sdfootnote3anc"><sup>3</sup></a></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">As
for May, I have never been particularly impressed with his work. His
points seem to me to depend too much, as the rule, on his
<i>impressions</i> as a
credentialed scholar in the field and too little on precise
rational analysis.</span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B096L2KPR4" style="background-color: white; font-size: medium; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="351" data-original-width="871" height="210" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgELC6TGFWltwwg_mrsN-nFY1NJ9y9AZ8R0FCfMs_DizQ7GSZ3NNJQx3ou_P5Kb4IGLP1K3_vMCnK3a8EFqsqCbitDuVuPzJDDr-UqKRkHYh6Ao1eONEbckZ9eIz5s_D3mbtFf4/w640-h258/In-Progress+Ad.jpg" width="560" /></a></div><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">In
the May quote from MJ I was struck by the line “<span style="color: #050505;"><span lang="en">To
be an Oxfordian, you must believe that the Earl published or released
for circulation under his name or initials his canonical verse”.
(Imagine me not knowing the requirement!) Immediately I knew that the
data set was strictly limited such that the conclusion was foregone.
If a poem is not followed by the initials “E.O.” it cannot be
considered toward detecting a transitional phase from Oxford to
Shakespeare. Again, this guarantees that there can be no transition
phase because there are only a very few scattered “E.O.”s to be found after some date in
the 1570s. From then onward the </span></span><span style="color: #050505;"><span lang="en"><i>rule</i></span></span><span style="color: #050505;"><span lang="en">
is that Edward de Vere wrote no further poetry that we know of. Thus
he could not have become Shakespeare.</span></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span style="color: #050505;"><span lang="en">I've
actually spent a great deal of time and effort on the question of
transition. My </span></span><span style="color: #050505;"><span lang="en"><i><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B096GSQV14">Shakespeare in 1573: Apprenticeship and Scandal</a><a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="#sdfootnote4sym" name="sdfootnote4anc"><sup>4</sup></a></i></span></span><span style="color: #050505;"><span lang="en">
addresses it in terms of poetry. My variorum edition of Edward de
Vere's </span></span><span style="color: #050505;"><span lang="en"><i><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B07JD7KM1T">Ulysses
and Agamemnon</a></i></span></span><span style="color: #050505;"><span lang="en"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B07JD7KM1T">
(1584)</a><a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="#sdfootnote5sym" name="sdfootnote5anc"><sup>5</sup></a>
is the first book-length product of my analysis of the transition in
plays.</span></span></span></p>
<p style="font-style: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">As
for the plays, I submit that the evidence of the transition from
Edward de Vere to Shakespeare has always been substantial and
compelling. In <i>U&A</i>, for just one instance, I quote the
following, both of which are in line with the mainstream scholarship
on Shakespeare's play <i>Troilus and Cressida, </i>the
later expansion of the 1584 work<i>.</i></span></p>
<p style="break-before: auto; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.41in; page-break-before: auto;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Stokes, x.] It has
often been remarked that passages and even scenes in Shakespeare's
"Troilus and Cressida," as printed in the Quarto and the
Folio, seem to be boulders from an older drama embedded in the newer
and more celebrated formation.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="#sdfootnote6sym" name="sdfootnote6anc"><sup>6</sup></a>
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.41in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Rolfe, 21, quoting
Verplank] Another set of English commentators, from Steevens to
Seymour, have satisfied themselves that Shakespeare's genius and
taste had been expended in improving the work of an inferior author,
whose poorer groundwork still appeared through his more precious
decorations.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="#sdfootnote7sym" name="sdfootnote7anc"><sup>7</sup></a></span></p>
<p style="break-before: auto; font-style: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-right: 0.01in; page-break-before: auto;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Anyone who has
studied the literature on the plays of Shakespeare knows that the
same observation has been made again and again. In many, if not most,
of the plays Shakespeare is understood to have begun with an older
text and to have revised it to bring it up to his level. In almost
every case it is said that the original has been lost together with
the name of the author.</span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B096GSQV14" style="font-size: medium; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="930" data-original-width="1576" height="236" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiw2Ow_sM9oTibwLpG6UZ99sPEf4Y61FTki9uL17S9wbWRRDdT-9Qklm48OF1WpLuqQ4RWyxj5uqGoeyF-XcSu4ObMrxexjG_-DDAghyphenhyphen7AqNpIyITbBQnZo5lAFrEJ49FByxnnm/w400-h236/1573+Cover+ad+-+300+dpi.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><p style="break-before: auto; font-style: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-right: 0.01in; page-break-before: auto;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p>
<p style="font-style: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-right: 0.01in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">As often happens in
the historical scholarly commentary — before there was a pressing
claim for the authorship of Edward de Vere, the 17<sup>th</sup> Earl
of Oxford, that brought about another transition: from traditional
Stratfordians to Authorship Strats — findings in this line simply
stated Oxfordian positions well before Oxfordianism even existed.</span></p>
<p style="break-before: auto; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.39in; page-break-before: auto;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span style="font-style: normal;">A
play now lost called "The </span>Historie of Error" was
"shown at Hampton Court on New Yere's daie at night 1576, 77,
enacted by the children of Powles" (i.e. Pauls: see the Variorum
of 1 821, vol. iii., p. 387); and from this piece, as Malone remarks,
"it is extremely probable that he was furnished with the fable
of the present Comedy," as well as the designation of "Surreptus" or "Sereptus " appended to the name of
Ant. E. in the Folio, and which is more fully referred to later on.
Later, in 1582, this play recurs as the History of Ferrar (sic), in
the accounts of the Revels at Court, as a drama produced at Windsor;
and it may well be conjectured that this "Historie of Error"
was nothing but a free rendering of the Menaechmi of Plautus,<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="#sdfootnote8sym" name="sdfootnote8anc"><sup>8</sup></a></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">But,
now that the holy name is so constantly desecrated, such naivet<span>é</span>
is a sign that the scholar needs retraining or to be cast out. The
heresy so threatens the literary soul that the ends justify whatever
means.</span></p>
<p style="font-style: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-right: 0.01in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">So
then, <i>Ulysses and Agamemnon</i> cannot have been written by
Shakespeare because the Stratford man was only 20 years old and would
hardly have had time to become a figure at court much less a great
playwright. "The Historie of Error" cannot have been
written by Shakespeare for one reason, and one reason only: Because
he would have to have written it when he was 12 years old. But, then,
if Edward de Vere wrote the works of Shakespeare these and many other
early texts adapted whole-cloth by Shakespeare are plentiful evidence
of transition.</span></p>
<p style="font-style: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">By-the-bye,
where is the evidence of the transition in the Stratford man?
Brothers, let us pray...</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br /></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="#sdfootnote1anc" name="sdfootnote1sym">1</a>Anonymous.
“Does
the early work of Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford, reveal that
he wrote songs as well as verses?” Edward De Vere
Newsletter No. 18 (1990, possibly revised February
2001. ).
<a href="http://www.oxford-shakespeare.com/Newsletters/Oxford_Poems_and_Songs-18.pdf">http://www.oxford-shakespeare.com/Newsletters/Oxford_Poems_and_Songs-18.pdf</a></span></p>
<div id="sdfootnote2">
<p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="#sdfootnote2anc" name="sdfootnote2sym">2</a>Malim,
Richard. “<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">The
Mystery of Willy: Oxford, Spenser, and Theocritus’ Sixe Idillia.</span></span><span style="color: black;"><b>”</b></span>
<span style="color: #241f1f;">The Oxfordian, Volume 19, October 2017.
129-151.</span></span></p>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote3">
<p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="#sdfootnote3anc" name="sdfootnote3sym">3</a>For one example, Mr.
Malim cites as part of his evidence for Shakespeare's knowledge of
Greek: “<span style="color: #241f1f;">Greek
names or words are used to name the characters</span><span style="color: #241f1f;">:
</span><span style="color: #241f1f;">Laertes,
Dromio (from Greek root for </span><span style="color: #241f1f;"><i>run</i></span><span style="color: #241f1f;">),
Desdemona (</span><span style="color: #241f1f;"><i>unlucky
woman</i></span><span style="color: #241f1f;">),
and Ophelia (</span><span style="color: #241f1f;"><i>benefit</i></span><span style="color: #241f1f;">).”
The name </span><span style="color: #241f1f;"><i>Desdimona</i></span><span style="color: #241f1f;">,
however, he took from the source of Othello, Cinthio's </span><span style="color: #241f1f;"><i>Hecatommithi,</i></span><span style="color: #241f1f;">
III, 7., not from the Greek. The name Ophelia comes from Jacopo
Sanazzaro's </span><span style="color: #241f1f;"><i>Arcadia</i></span><span style="color: #241f1f;">.
Again, not the Greek.</span></span></p>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote4">
<p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="#sdfootnote4anc" name="sdfootnote4sym">4</a>Purdy,
Gilbert Wesley. <span style="color: #050505;"><span lang="en"><i><span style="font-weight: normal;">Shakespeare
in 1573: Apprenticeship and Scandal </span></i></span></span><span style="color: #050505;"><span lang="en"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">(2021)</span></span></span></span><span style="color: #050505;"><span lang="en"><i><span style="font-weight: normal;">.
<a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B096GSQV14">https://www.amazon.com/dp/B096GSQV14</a></span></i></span></span></span></p>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote5">
<p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="#sdfootnote5anc" name="sdfootnote5sym">5</a>Vere,
Edward. <i>Ulysses and Agamemnon</i> (1584) (Purdy, ed. 2018).
<a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B07JD7KM1T">https://www.amazon.com/dp/B07JD7KM1T</a></span></p>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote6">
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="#sdfootnote6anc" name="sdfootnote6sym">6</a>
Stokes, H. P. M.A. <i>Troilus and Cressida: the First Quarto,
1609</i>. London: Griggs, 1886. x.</span></p>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote7">
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="#sdfootnote7anc" name="sdfootnote7sym">7</a>
<i>Troilus and Cressida</i><span style="font-style: normal;">
(1898)</span>, Rolfe ed. 21.</span></p>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote8">
<p style="font-style: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-right: 0.01in;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="#sdfootnote8anc" name="sdfootnote8sym">8</a>
<i>Comedy of Errors</i> (1907), Henry Cunningham, ed., xxiv.</span></p><p style="font-style: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-right: 0.01in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br /></span></p><div style="mso-element: footnote-list;"><div id="ftn2" style="mso-element: footnote;"><div class="MsoFootnoteText"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B07JD7KM1T" style="font-size: medium; font-weight: 400; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="543" data-original-width="580" height="373" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgvVgFF0FQ9otnlaxK73IirYZtup0oCIY3aNnzbGh8N5MehEz2_0N57JIozAs_wU5EtfAaPI0v0NuNMz9Q6bWlEkt8Plyxy-Ym_4-1Z_E-hwU6Yv0kXe7YOgVYxVvb_Mjw_vZ72/w400-h373/Hector+brought+back+to+Troy+Ad+1b1+-+50%2525.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><h4><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: HE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"></span></h4><h4><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: HE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><br /></span></h4><h4><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: HE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Also at Virtual Grub Street:</span></h4></div></div></div><p><span style="color: black; font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style="color: black; font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></span></p><p></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"></p><p></p><ul style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;"><li><p><b><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2023/07/d-r-and-players-speech-in-hamlet.html">D<span>⸻</span> R</a><span><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2023/07/d-r-and-players-speech-in-hamlet.html">⸻ and the Player's Speech in Hamlet.</a> July 9, 2023. '</span>Most of his confidence comes to him through Tonya Pollard's essay “What’s Hecuba to Shakespeare?”'</span></b></p></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><b><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span style="color: #212529;"><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2023/05/matthew-gasda-on-shakespeare-authorship.html">Matthew Gasda on the Shakespeare Authorship Debate.</a> May 15, 2023. 'Among his Compact Mag pieces is the March 24 article “The Right Wing Crusade Against Shakespeare”.</span><span style="color: #050505;">'</span></span></b></p></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><b><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2023/04/shakespeare-csi-sir-thomas-more-hand-d.html">Shakespeare CSI: Sir Thomas More, Hand-D.</a> April 22, 2023. “What a glory to have an actual hand-written manuscript from the greatest English writer of all time!”</b></span></p></li><li><span style="line-height: 18.4px;"><span style="font-size: large;"><b><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2022/08/robert-greene-and-construction.html">Robert Greene and the Construction Shakespeare Never Used.</a></b><b style="font-family: inherit;"> August 9, 2022. 'Our first foray “staring intently into” the texts of Robert Greene has noted that his work utilized far fewer feminine endings than Shakespeare’s.'</b></span></span></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><b><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2020/08/a-1572-oxford-letter-and-players-speech.html">A 1572 Oxford Letter and the Player’s Speech in Hamlet.</a> August 11, 2020. “The player’s speech has been a source of consternation among Shakespeare scholars for above 200 years. Why was Aeneas’ tale chosen as the subject?”</span></b></p></li><li><b><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span>Check out the <a href="https://gwponlinebibliography.blogspot.com/p/shakespeare-authorship-article-index.html">S</a></span><a href="https://gwponlinebibliography.blogspot.com/p/shakespeare-authorship-article-index.html">hakespeare Authorship Article Index</a><span> for many more articles and reviews about this fascinating time and about the Shakespeare Authorship Question.</span></span></b></li><li style="margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span><span><b>Check out the </b></span></span><span style="color: #0000ee;"><span><b><u><a href="https://gwponlinebibliography.blogspot.com/2020/12/english-renaissance-letters-index.html">Letters Index: Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford</a></u></b></span></span><span><span><b> for many letters from this fascinating time, some related to the Shakespeare Authorship Question.</b></span></span></span></li></ul><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B077LVLXY2/" style="clear: left; font-family: "times new roman"; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1015" data-original-width="1499" height="432" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh2NRwMzgfT-RfMm62wNJUu1wMteQ61N-2FBxGk-UsrnTXW5Ess1sln8ghIlFzhyyhjwSXv84gu1J-8nYTTmCxGfjaaPhGPye49INSfkhVQd6iaKXptMAmMIC80QpdCIdoVz0qj/w640-h432/Falstaff+cover+ad+1.jpg" width="640" /></a></span></p><p style="break-before: page; line-height: 16px; margin-bottom: 0in; page-break-before: always;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span></span></span></p><p style="break-before: auto; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-right: 0.42in; page-break-before: auto;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in; margin-right: 0.01in;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Gilbert-Wesley-Purdy/e/B00H5A7SLC/" style="clear: left; font-family: "Times New Roman"; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="703" data-original-width="1600" height="280" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiBznpkxJG5fQbluqZSP4HXUqlJiYEegqgVppIuc8McfB7KT0s4UmI7eN3h5pieypTBxgp4lIbxTZMW2kwrWroitLPhYMeDUmrdT9CI7AzA7xLFET5O7f-uzSSYZtcblUjyeXCP/s640/Book+Page+ad+2.jpg" width="640" /></a></span></span></p><div><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><br /></span></div>
</div>Gilbert Wesley Purdyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02612678869556343487noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10644518.post-49868077077584047972023-08-21T07:51:00.008-04:002024-02-05T10:21:31.831-05:00Sir Thomas Gresham to Baron Burghley, May 28, 1572. [Spelling modernized.]<p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><i><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjzXXw7VErCUJB5r4VjwQ41LmT2lHpW9iwNPIwrA-P4SMZWLypU8cDNGC9a57jBN9yzQH2eqvCaRqor8CyRsJbFR6yK8TNFJSgmVXXOPi81OD2o3Vgxki47yCLaEe7Phm6aA9SnnBZXHgtPncr8HXXq0uAMGVYpdZrTGVny_x21sCpN3nqzH_ZI/s814/Gresham%20autograph.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="340" data-original-width="814" height="134" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjzXXw7VErCUJB5r4VjwQ41LmT2lHpW9iwNPIwrA-P4SMZWLypU8cDNGC9a57jBN9yzQH2eqvCaRqor8CyRsJbFR6yK8TNFJSgmVXXOPi81OD2o3Vgxki47yCLaEe7Phm6aA9SnnBZXHgtPncr8HXXq0uAMGVYpdZrTGVny_x21sCpN3nqzH_ZI/s320/Gresham%20autograph.jpg" width="320" /></a>The
search for letters to, from or regarding</i><i> Edward de Vere, the 17<sup>th</sup>
Earl of Oxford, has already resulted in many interesting insights. In
a letter from Thomas Gresham to Baron Burghley, on May 28, 1572, we
further learn that Burghley has acted as agent for Oxford in
arranging a loan from Gresham.</i></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><i><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><i></i></span></i></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><i><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Gresham
and Burghley had already known each other for many years. Gresham had
been the English factor in the great financial and trading center of
Antwerp serving King Edward VI, Queen Mary and Queen Elizabeth. The
finances of the kingdom <span>̶ under
both protestant and catholic rule ̶</span> depended upon his
expertise and connections.</span></i></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><i><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Here,
in a private matter, Gresham has also pulled together 2000 crowns to
lend to Burghley's son-in-law, Oxford. We learn that the rate of
interest was 10 percent. But only for this once, as a favor to
Burghley. Henceforward, Vere will have a line of credit but at 12
percent.</span></i></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><i>But
this is only a matter mentioned in passing. The main matter concerned
the recently secur</i><i><span style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255);">ed</span></i><i>
treasure in Spanish hulls chased into English ports by the ships of
the </i><i>Prince of Conde</i><i> . Surely, the Spanish were aware
that recent very costly actions against the English merchants in
Flanders would leave the English Court unable to let Spanish treasure
enter English ports without taking it into safekeeping pending
investigation. But enter it did.</i></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><i>So
then, we learn not only about the loan to Oxford but about the
aforesaid treasure being placed in safekeeping in the Tower of
London. Elizabeth, it seems, was willing to accommodate merchants
with claims against the silver reals to exchange them at the rate of
six pence per real. The English treasury, however, valued the silver
in reals at </i><span>i</span><span>iij</span><i>s.
</i><span>x</span><i>d. per ounce in 1569.</i></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/1543136257/" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="872" data-original-width="1380" height="253" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg14Nuro9Y4OeO1CSjTL9VoSGrCf9plBaVYE_Tbs5oDG-4dA_Ao-HYYZdS1-ydAv7IS1x6omyigIDEMvWzuL8YS0xVvgif2B0n9G1xSyg3Dz2opKGg4_GIzU3VRyMmWMzhkEcFv/w400-h253/Folio+Cover+Ad+3.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><i><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">The
Tower had become an office of foreign exchange. The receipts made for
a satisfying profit.</span></i></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><i><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Among
the merchants and representative that traded on this exchange was
another financial master of the time, Benedict Spinoza, who may be
remembered as Burghley's contact for following Oxford's future
expenses during his tour of Italy.</span></i></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Right
honorable and my very singular good Lord.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span>It
may like you to understand, that I have in a Readiness 2,000 Marks for
to pay to my Lord of Oxford, whensoever it shall please your Lordship
to send for it. And I shall provide his Receipt with as much Speed as
I can. Most humbly beseech you, as that my Bills and Acquitances be
sought up for the Sum of 1869 </span><span>l</span><span>. 8</span><i>s</i><span>.
4</span><i>d</i><span>. For that I have received so much in ready Money. Likewise
I have thought good to send you the particular Note of the Money.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Likewise
I have thought good to send you the particular Note of the Money that
Mr. Spinolla hath allowed the Queen's Majesty.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%;">
<colgroup><col width="178*"></col>
<col width="78*"></col>
</colgroup><tbody><tr valign="TOP">
<td width="70%">
<p><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span><span>First for two
Chest that Sir Arthur Chambernon took out of the Ships in the West
Country, <i>viz</i>. </span></span>
</span></p>
</td>
<td width="30%">
<p> <span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">l. s.
d.</span></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="70%">
<p><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">No. 63. 64.
Contain 34,406 Reals at 6<i>d</i>. Amounts to the Sum of</span></span></p>
</td>
<td width="30%">
<p align="LEFT"> <span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">860
0</span></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="TOP">
<td width="70%">
<p><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span><span>More for one
Chest, No. 59, that Mr. Horsey, D.D. at Hampton, to Loppe de la
Sarra, for to pay his Mariners' Charges, containing 26,866 Reals
at 6<i>d</i>. The Piece, sum </span></span>
</span></p>
</td>
<td width="30%">
<p><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p> <span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">671 13
0</span></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Other
I have not to moleast your lordshipe withal, but that it may please
you to be so good Lord unto me, as I may have my Lady Mary Grey
removed out of Hand, seeing that her Majesty hath wholly
referred the Matter to you and my Lorde Leicester, wherein your
Lordship shall do me and my Wife a very singular good Turn, as
knoweth the Lord, who preserve you with increase of Honor.</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span>From
London the 28</span><sup>th</sup><span> of Maye, 1572.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">At
your Lordship's Commandment,</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">Thomas
Gresham.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="#sdfootnote1sym" name="sdfootnote1anc"><sup>1</sup></a></span></span></p>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B07JD7KM1T" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="543" data-original-width="580" height="373" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgvVgFF0FQ9otnlaxK73IirYZtup0oCIY3aNnzbGh8N5MehEz2_0N57JIozAs_wU5EtfAaPI0v0NuNMz9Q6bWlEkt8Plyxy-Ym_4-1Z_E-hwU6Yv0kXe7YOgVYxVvb_Mjw_vZ72/w400-h373/Hector+brought+back+to+Troy+Ad+1b1+-+50%2525.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"></p>
<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%;">
<colgroup><col width="178*"></col>
<col width="78*"></col>
</colgroup><tbody><tr valign="TOP">
<td width="70%">
<p><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">More for 1500
Reals paid to Sir Arthur Chambernon, at the Tower out of the Case,
No. 47 at 6<i>d</i>. some</span></span></p>
</td>
<td width="30%">
<p> <span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">37 10</span></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%;">
<colgroup><col width="178*"></col>
<col width="78*"></col>
</colgroup><tbody><tr valign="TOP">
<td width="70%">
<p><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">More for 7,716
Reals, paid to Mr. Edward Horsey, at the Tower, out of the Case,
No. 42, at 6<i>d</i>. The Piece</span></span></p>
</td>
<td width="30%">
<p> <span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">192 18</span></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%;">
<colgroup><col width="178*"></col>
<col width="78*"></col>
</colgroup><tbody><tr valign="TOP">
<td width="70%">
<p><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">More for 2,102
Reals paid to Mr. Killigrew, in the Tower of London, at 6<i>d</i>.
the Piece, sum</span></span></p>
</td>
<td width="30%">
<p> <span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">52 11</span></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><i><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">A
follow-up letter from Gresham to Burghley, of August 14, 1572,
quoted, in part, in Burgon's biography of Gresham, gives the final
resolution of the matter.</span></i></p>
<p align="LEFT" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br /></span></p>
<p align="LEFT" style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">As
the 12th of this present Mr. Benedict Spinola brought home to my
house a merchant of Genoa, called Thomas Ragio, to take his leave of
me; to know if he could pleasure me with anything in Flanders: and as
I thanked him, so, among other communication of profit, and for
service by him ministered, he desired me to be his friend for such
money as the Queen's Majesty hath of his in the Tower. With that, I
asked him what his sum was; and he said xx or xxx M ducats; but by
talk I perceive he hath much more, with other of his friends. —
Now, Sir, seeing this money in the Tower doth appertain to merchants,
I would wish the Queen's Majesty to put it to use of some profit; as
to mint it into her own coin: whereby she shall be a gainer [of] iij
or iiij M <span>l</span>. and enrich her realm with
so much fine silver. And for the repayment thereof, her Highness may
pay it by the way of Exchange, or otherwise, to her great fardel and
profit. As also, her Majesty may take it up of the said merchants
upon interest, upon the bands accustomed, for a year or two; which I
think they will be right glad of: and so with the said money, her
Majesty may pay her debts both here and in Flanders, — to the
great honour and credit of her Majesty throughout all Christendom.<a class="sdfootnoteanc" href="#sdfootnote2sym" name="sdfootnote2anc"><sup>2</sup></a></span></span></p>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B096PGF7LM" style="font-size: medium; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="934" data-original-width="1995" height="250" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjBbf44xB8U938na4UF2_MfNsF4X-I-V145bwFNWV52OyenvcoLHOmKOgzeXMD09-V_bminAx5JAIyiWY5OljNO39fbfp1f_7k45byese2q2tlZ7q5pZFRVzvhwNoTCSrB_yjwOAT4xzAqxN5c41prqk7CdXjjcm-N2a2kBMRc7li7d_YSKbw/w400-h188/Shakespeare%20without%20Ciphers%20Series%201b%20-%20150%25.jpg" width="500" /></a></div><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;">
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><i>Elizabeth
saw the wisdom of Gresham's suggestion. She melted the reals into
silver which she minted in English coin to her Exchequer.</i><span> </span><i>Whether
or not she paid interest on it as a loan borrowed from international
merchants goes beyond our present investigation.</i></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br />
</span></p>
<div id="sdfootnote1">
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="#sdfootnote1anc" name="sdfootnote1sym">1</a>
Murdin, William. <i>State Papers... reign of Queen Elizabeth from
1571 to 1596</i> (1759), 217.</span></p>
</div>
<div id="sdfootnote2">
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a class="sdfootnotesym" href="#sdfootnote2anc" name="sdfootnote2sym">2</a>
Burgon, John William. <i>The Life and Times of Sir Thomas Gresham</i>
(1839), II.303-4.</span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B096L2KPR4" style="background-color: white; font-size: medium; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="351" data-original-width="871" height="210" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgELC6TGFWltwwg_mrsN-nFY1NJ9y9AZ8R0FCfMs_DizQ7GSZ3NNJQx3ou_P5Kb4IGLP1K3_vMCnK3a8EFqsqCbitDuVuPzJDDr-UqKRkHYh6Ao1eONEbckZ9eIz5s_D3mbtFf4/w640-h258/In-Progress+Ad.jpg" width="560" /></a></span></span></p><div style="mso-element: footnote-list;"><div id="ftn2" style="mso-element: footnote;"><div class="MsoFootnoteText"><h4><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: HE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><br /></span></h4><h4><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-language: HE; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Also at Virtual Grub Street:</span></h4></div></div></div><p><span style="color: black; font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style="color: black; font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></span></p><p></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"></p><p></p><ul style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;"><li><p><b><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2023/07/d-r-and-players-speech-in-hamlet.html">D<span>⸻</span> R</a><span><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2023/07/d-r-and-players-speech-in-hamlet.html">⸻ and the Player's Speech in Hamlet.</a> July 9, 2023. '</span>Most of his confidence comes to him through Tonya Pollard's essay “What’s Hecuba to Shakespeare?”'</span></b></p></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><b><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span style="color: #212529;"><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2023/05/matthew-gasda-on-shakespeare-authorship.html">Matthew Gasda on the Shakespeare Authorship Debate.</a> May 15, 2023. 'Among his Compact Mag pieces is the March 24 article “The Right Wing Crusade Against Shakespeare”.</span><span style="color: #050505;">'</span></span></b></p></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><b><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2023/04/shakespeare-csi-sir-thomas-more-hand-d.html">Shakespeare CSI: Sir Thomas More, Hand-D.</a> April 22, 2023. “What a glory to have an actual hand-written manuscript from the greatest English writer of all time!”</b></span></p></li><li><span style="line-height: 18.4px;"><span style="font-size: large;"><b><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2022/08/robert-greene-and-construction.html">Robert Greene and the Construction Shakespeare Never Used.</a></b><b style="font-family: inherit;"> August 9, 2022. 'Our first foray “staring intently into” the texts of Robert Greene has noted that his work utilized far fewer feminine endings than Shakespeare’s.'</b></span></span></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><b><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://gilbertwesleypurdy.blogspot.com/2020/08/a-1572-oxford-letter-and-players-speech.html">A 1572 Oxford Letter and the Player’s Speech in Hamlet.</a> August 11, 2020. “The player’s speech has been a source of consternation among Shakespeare scholars for above 200 years. Why was Aeneas’ tale chosen as the subject?”</span></b></p></li><li><b><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span>Check out the <a href="https://gwponlinebibliography.blogspot.com/p/shakespeare-authorship-article-index.html">S</a></span><a href="https://gwponlinebibliography.blogspot.com/p/shakespeare-authorship-article-index.html">hakespeare Authorship Article Index</a><span> for many more articles and reviews about this fascinating time and about the Shakespeare Authorship Question.</span></span></b></li><li style="margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span><span><b>Check out the </b></span></span><span style="color: #0000ee;"><span><b><u><a href="https://gwponlinebibliography.blogspot.com/2020/12/english-renaissance-letters-index.html">Letters Index: Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford</a></u></b></span></span><span><span><b> for many letters from this fascinating time, some related to the Shakespeare Authorship Question.</b></span></span></span></li></ul><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B077LVLXY2/" style="clear: left; font-family: "times new roman"; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1015" data-original-width="1499" height="432" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh2NRwMzgfT-RfMm62wNJUu1wMteQ61N-2FBxGk-UsrnTXW5Ess1sln8ghIlFzhyyhjwSXv84gu1J-8nYTTmCxGfjaaPhGPye49INSfkhVQd6iaKXptMAmMIC80QpdCIdoVz0qj/w640-h432/Falstaff+cover+ad+1.jpg" width="640" /></a></span></p><p style="break-before: page; line-height: 16px; margin-bottom: 0in; page-break-before: always;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span></span></span></p><p style="break-before: auto; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-right: 0.42in; page-break-before: auto;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"><span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: large;"></span></span></p><p class="sdfootnote"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Gilbert-Wesley-Purdy/e/B00H5A7SLC/" style="clear: left; font-family: "Times New Roman"; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="703" data-original-width="1600" height="280" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiBznpkxJG5fQbluqZSP4HXUqlJiYEegqgVppIuc8McfB7KT0s4UmI7eN3h5pieypTBxgp4lIbxTZMW2kwrWroitLPhYMeDUmrdT9CI7AzA7xLFET5O7f-uzSSYZtcblUjyeXCP/s640/Book+Page+ad+2.jpg" width="640" /></a></span></span></p><div><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><br /></span></div><p style="margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></span></p>
</div>Gilbert Wesley Purdyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02612678869556343487noreply@blogger.com0